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Sustainable Governance for Resilient Water and Sanitation Service
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Sustainable Governance for Resilient Water and Sanitation Service

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 September 2023) | Viewed by 5235

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Xiaoqin Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: wastewater; source separation; decentralized wastewater treatment; constructed wetland; nutrient recovery; disinfection; antibiotics; antibiotics resistance bacteria and gene

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Centralized wastewater treatment, especially with active sludge processing, has been operated for hundreds of years, becoming the main method of wastewater treatment. However, we have to face the challenges of urbanization and an increasing population. Source separation has been attractive in recent years since it is beneficial to water, nutrients, and it can be flexible in operation as a centralized, semi-centralized and decentralized treatment. Besides, wastewater carries quantities of pathogens and micropollutants, which promotes health risks by waterborne disease transfer, and alternatives for traditional disinfectants are urgently required. We have seen some robust technologies, such as UV-LED and photocatalysis, but the knowledge is still limited. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance has become a new issue, and it is noted that wastewater treatment plants are a hotspot of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes; nevertheless, technology for antimicrobial resistance control is a considerable challenge.

This Special Issue will collect state-of-the-art knowledge on wastewater treatment. Studies on new techniques for nutrient recovery, disinfection, antibiotics resistance bacteria and gene removal, and in particular, wastewater treatment by source separation or decentralized management, are of specific interest. Review papers, as well as experimental/empirical studies on wastewater treatment, are welcome as well.

Dr. Xiaoqin Zhou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wastewater
  • wastewater treatment
  • source separation
  • resource recovery
  • disinfection

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1686 KiB  
Article
Nitrate Reduction through Al-Fe Alloy Catalyst: Effects of Activation Pre-Treatment Method and Alloy Type
by Xin Ma, Lei Zheng, Zifu Li, Lingling Zhang, Shikun Cheng and Xuemei Wang
Water 2023, 15(17), 3122; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173122 - 31 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1047
Abstract
This study explored the nitrate reduction by Al-Fe alloy. The nitrate conversions of fresh, 30-day and 90-day alloys were 78.1%, 42.8% and 9.5%, respectively. Water activation promoted the reducing ability of the alloy (98% nitrate removal), which was higher than that of copper [...] Read more.
This study explored the nitrate reduction by Al-Fe alloy. The nitrate conversions of fresh, 30-day and 90-day alloys were 78.1%, 42.8% and 9.5%, respectively. Water activation promoted the reducing ability of the alloy (98% nitrate removal), which was higher than that of copper deposited alloy (66%) and H2-reducing/acid/alkali/Cl− activated alloy (no enhancement). The effects of pre-treatments on the surface O fraction changes confirmed the activation results. With increased Fe:Al mass ratio in the alloy, nitrate conversion initially decreased and then increased again, verifying the proposed electron-donator activity of Al or Fe in alloys. Al-Fe30 had the highest NO3− conversion and Al13Fe4 content, so Al-Fe30 was selected. Significant differences in conversion were observed in alloy usages of 5–10 and 15–30 g/L. High reduction performance (nitrate below the detection limit and 19.1% N2 selectivity) was achieved under the optimal conditions: 15 g/L Al-Fe30, 150 min reaction and without pH adjustment. The rate constants of nitrate removal, nitrogen generation and ammonia generation were k1 = 1.43 × 10−2, k2 = 3.41 × 10−2 and k3 = 10.58 × 10−2 min−1, respectively. The value of (k2 + k3)/k1 was 10, indicating that the conversion of nitrate into nitrite was the rate-determining step. The repetition reaction was performed, and the rate constant decreased as the reaction step was repeated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Governance for Resilient Water and Sanitation Service)
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9 pages, 1536 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal between Two Typical Processes under Low Temperature in a Full-Scale Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant
by Zhigang Liu, Ying Zhang, Wei Zhou, Wei Wang and Xiaohu Dai
Water 2022, 14(23), 3874; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14233874 - 27 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1963
Abstract
Given its strict discharge standards for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), China focuses on improving the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological treatment processes under low temperatures. The variations in nitrogen and phosphorus during the anaerobic–anoxic-oxic (AAO) and AAO-sequencing batch reactor (SBR) [...] Read more.
Given its strict discharge standards for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), China focuses on improving the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological treatment processes under low temperatures. The variations in nitrogen and phosphorus during the anaerobic–anoxic-oxic (AAO) and AAO-sequencing batch reactor (SBR) processes in a full-scale WWTP were compared by sampling. Results showed that the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in both processes exceeded 85% and 91%, respectively, when the water temperature was lower than 15 °C. The wastewater treatment potential capacity of the AAO process was larger than that of AAO-SBR, indicating that the AAO process could realize the subjective demand of nitrogen or phosphorus removal by adjusting its operation mode. The anaerobic phosphorus release of the AAO process was affected when part of the internal reflux entered the anaerobic tank. Thus, the biological phosphorus removal of the AAO process was worse than that of the AAO-SBR process. Since the nitrification and denitrification rates of the AAO process were all higher than that of the AAO-SBR process, the TN removal efficiency of AAO was higher than that of AAO-SBR. These results could provide some advice for the upgrade, operation optimization, and process selection of both processes in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Governance for Resilient Water and Sanitation Service)
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15 pages, 4653 KiB  
Article
Online Storage Technology of the Separate Sewage System: Demonstration Study in a Typical Plain River Network City
by Xiaohu Dai, Guozhong Xu, Yongwei Ding, Siyu Zeng, Lan You, Jianjun Jiang and Hao Zhang
Water 2022, 14(20), 3194; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14203194 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1547
Abstract
Due to the high underground water level, frequent rainfall, and large amounts of infiltration and inflow (I/I) into the sewage system, a city in the plain river network region had to face a series of problems caused by the high water-level operation of [...] Read more.
Due to the high underground water level, frequent rainfall, and large amounts of infiltration and inflow (I/I) into the sewage system, a city in the plain river network region had to face a series of problems caused by the high water-level operation of the drainage system. Suzhou, a city in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, can be a representative of cities in plain river networks, where this research was carried out. The amount of I/I into the sewage system was evaluated, and the storm water management model (SWMM) was used to further calculate the sewer water storage capacity under dry and wet weather with multi-year average rainfall. Based on the offline model calculation and artificial experiences, the rule-based online regulation and storage real-time control strategy (RTC) is verified, and the online regulation and storage intelligent scheduling demonstration is carried out in the central-city district of Suzhou. The results showed that the infiltration in dry weather accounted for about 20–25% of the total collected wastewater; in wet weather (36 mm precipitation), the extraneous water induced by I/I peaked at 73.64%. The collaborative control of regional multi-stage pumping stations through RTC of the sewage system can effectively avoid the high water-level operation caused by peak sewage flows on dry days. In combination with rainfall forecasting, the coordinated control of plants and pumping stations to pre-empty the sewer pipelines prior to rainfall can, to some extent (up to 35 mm of rainfall in this study), cope with the increase in I/I induced by rainfall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Governance for Resilient Water and Sanitation Service)
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