Challenges of Flexible and Reliable Electricity Supply for Hydroelectric Generating Systems

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6517

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Interests: hydroelectric generating system; pumping station system; internal flow; wind/solar/pumped storage system
Department of Agricultural Hydraulic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
Interests: wind/solar/pumped storage system; hybrid energy systems; load flexibility; risk assessment; optimizes power supply
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Enabling the reliability and flexibility of hydroelectric generating systems (HGSs) is essential for suppressing the power fluctuation of intermittent renewable energy resources. The volatile, intermittent and stochastic characteristics of multi-energy resources such as wind and solar power, as well as incompatible scheduling strategies and peak load compensation mechanisms, lead to weak power consumption from the power grid. Hydropower has shown a timely synergy with other renewable energy sources due to its ability to cope with the supply peak load and variability by changing its operating conditions. The HGS may thereby frequently experience the significant challenge of transition between multiple operating conditions and off-design operating conditions to meet the requirement of the district dispatch center.

At the fundamental level, we focus on three tasks to guide and further advance the flexibility and reliability of HGSs. The first task relates to the modeling of HGS components and demonstrates how advanced modeling theories and methods have accelerated the construction of these components. The second task focuses on the research status and commercial applications and identifies their challenges when operating in transient or part load processes. The third task identifies risk regions from the perspectives of equipment aging, energy policy and environment and natural resources and puts forward major research fields that can take action. The research achievements provide a guidance for the flexibility and reliability of HGSs.

 

Prof. Dr. Diyi Chen
Dr. Beibei Xu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • hydroelectric generating systems
  • wind/solar/pumped storage system
  • load flexibility
  • risk assessment
  • optimized power supply
  • frequency control
  • transient computation for complex diversion system
  • cavitation and verification
  • seals, bearings and rotor dynamics analysis
  • operation, monitoring and controls

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 13687 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Regulation Reliability of a Pumped Storage Power Plant in a Wind–Solar Hybrid Power Generation System
by Beibei Xu, Jingjing Zhang, Mònica Egusquiza, Junzhi Zhang, Diyi Chen and Eduard Egusquiza
Water 2021, 13(18), 2548; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13182548 - 17 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2861
Abstract
In the coming decades, the proportion of wind–solar energy in power system significantly increases, resulting to uncertainties of power fluctuation in abundant wind–solar energy regions. The flexibility operation of Pumped Storage Power Plants (PSPPs) has already been widely recognized to regulate wind–solar power [...] Read more.
In the coming decades, the proportion of wind–solar energy in power system significantly increases, resulting to uncertainties of power fluctuation in abundant wind–solar energy regions. The flexibility operation of Pumped Storage Power Plants (PSPPs) has already been widely recognized to regulate wind–solar power fluctuations; however, less is known about the regulation reliability of the PSPP affected by them. It is a challenge, since various uncertainties exist during this regulation process. Here, a mathematical model with a solar–wind–hydro hybrid power generation system is adopted to investigate the regulation reliability of PSPP. The uncertainties and limitations of model parameters are considered during this process. Five regulation indexes, i.e., rise time, settling time, peak value, peak time and overshoot of the reactive power generator terminal voltage, guide vane opening and angular velocity, are extracted to evaluate the PSSP’s regulation quality. Finally, the PSPP reliability probability affected by parametric uncertainties is presented. The obtained results show that the inertia coefficient is the most sensitivity parameters for the settling time, peak value and peak time with sensitivity index 33.7%, 72.55% and 71.59%, respectively. The corresponding total contribution rate of the top 10 sensitive parameters are 74.45%, 93.45% and 87.15%, respectively. Despite some types of uncertainties not being considered, the results of this research are important for the regulation reliability evaluation of PSPPs in suppressing power fluctuations of wind and solar generation. Full article
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23 pages, 25830 KiB  
Article
Low Frequency Oscillations in a Hydroelectric Generating System to the Variability of Wind and Solar Power
by Beibei Xu, Liuwei Lei, Ziwen Zhao, Wei Jiang, Shu Xiao, Huanhuan Li, Junzhi Zhang and Diyi Chen
Water 2021, 13(14), 1978; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13141978 - 19 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3122
Abstract
The penetration of multiple integrated renewable energies to the power grid are relevant for decision making in energy policy, environment and business. Such an electricity penetration is affected by the intermittent and volatile characteristics of integrated energies, mostly significantly related to the safe [...] Read more.
The penetration of multiple integrated renewable energies to the power grid are relevant for decision making in energy policy, environment and business. Such an electricity penetration is affected by the intermittent and volatile characteristics of integrated energies, mostly significantly related to the safe and stable electricity production and supply in real world. Here, this paper focuses on the low frequency oscillation analysis of the hydropower generation response to the wind and solar variability. To enable this analysis, a hybrid model of hydropower system integrating with the wind and solar power system is presented. The Nyquist and root-locus stability methods are used to investigate the sensitivity performance of the hydropower governor to the fluctuation of the integrated renewable energies. Additionally, to quantify the risk of the hybrid system, the low frequency oscillation response of hydropower system to wind/solar/hydropower quota and transmission line distance ratio is extensively investigated in this study. The results show that under the case of the wind, solar and hydropower ratio is 40:1:150, the optimal values for maximally reducing hydropower low frequency oscillation are finally determined as kp = 0.8, ki = 0.25 and kd = 0.5. Regarding a certain wind/solar/hydropower quota, it is a promising strategy to increase the solar-load transmission line in order to achieve the safe and stable operation of the hybrid system and a relatively excellent dynamic regulation capacity of the hydropower governor. The model, methods and results implemented in this study are exploited to markedly improve new knowledge applications, policy management, low carbon emissions and investment competitiveness of future energy systems. Full article
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