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Water
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Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System
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Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Urban Water Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2022) | Viewed by 10298

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik

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Guest Editor
Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems, Faculty of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: reliability and safety of municipal systems; water supply systems; water network; risk analysis connected with water supply systems operation; safety of water supply consumers; failure risk analysis; reliability-based risk assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems, Faculty of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: reliability and safety of municipal systems; risk analysis connected with water supply systems operation; safety of water supply consumers; failure risk analysis; reliability-based risk assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Contemporary risk assessment makes reference to current world trends, whereby there is an increased emphasis on safety. This Special Issue thus seeks mainly to present new approaches to failure risk assessment where the functioning of a water distribution network (WDN) is concerned.

The second half of the twentieth century brought many major accidents and disasters related to the functioning of public water supply systems (WSSs) in urban and industrial agglomerations. In this regard, there can be no doubt that WSS operations are subject to risk—hence the key importance of risk analysis determining the location and size of such risks, as well as the actions to be taken with a view to their reduction or elimination, and to predict failures and prioritize pipes in line with their rehabilitation needs. The specialist scientific literature makes it clear that methods of quantitative analysis and risk assessment form the basis for safety management in regard to WSS. WSS risk analysis should be preceded by analysis of the reliability of all subsystems in terms of interruptions to water supply, as well as failure to meet quality requirements for threats to the health of water consumers. In water supply companies, records of breaks should be gathered, as these come to represent the basic source of information for reliability and safety analyses. Water supply companies should thus have guidelines about the way they collect information, also in the form of expert opinions, so that these can be used in decision-making models.

DSc, PhD, Eng. Assoc. Prof. Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik
DSc, PhD, Eng. Assoc. Prof. Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water safety plan in urban water systems
  • water demand management and modelling
  • decision support systems for smart urban water
  • water supply systems
  • operation safety
  • water network failure
  • ICA (Instrumentation Control and Automation)
  • water losses
  • innovative methodologies
  • water quality monitoring
  • techniques and technology for smart water systems
  • optimal network design and management
  • innovative modelling approaches for smart urban water network
  • actions to protect water distribution networks from accidental contamination
  • water-energy nexus
  • decision-making models
  • water quality
  • failure risk analysis
  • model of pipeline failures
  • monitoring of water distribution system
  • prediction models for break rates of water pipes
  • rehabilitation planning of water distribution networks
  • reliability-based risk assessment
  • risk assessment methodology
  • safety of water supply consumers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2916 KiB  
Article
Weather Risk Assessment for Collective Water Supply and Sewerage Systems
by Janusz R. Rak, Katarzyna Wartalska and Bartosz Kaźmierczak
Water 2021, 13(14), 1970; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13141970 - 18 Jul 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2653
Abstract
The weather derivatives market as an instrument of effective weather risk management is still not flexible enough for many industries. The water supply and sewerage industry is sensitive primarily to heavy rainfalls and periods of high and low temperatures: days with heavy rainfall [...] Read more.
The weather derivatives market as an instrument of effective weather risk management is still not flexible enough for many industries. The water supply and sewerage industry is sensitive primarily to heavy rainfalls and periods of high and low temperatures: days with heavy rainfall may cause a hydraulic overload of the sewerage systems; on hot days, the water demand increases significantly; on frost days, the risk of water pipe failure grows. The work aimed to summarise methods of weather risk management and propose indices that will help to protect the interests of the water supply and sewerage industry in Poland. Three indices were proposed: a daily precipitation index, frost day index, and hot day index. The frequency of reaching these indices in Poland was verified with the use of meteorological data from 1970–2019, for 19 locations. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test was used to determine the climate change impact on the exceedance frequency of the proposed indicators. The results showed that the indexes were exceeded in the past once every 6 years, on average. The hot day index was exceeded the least often, but it was the only one with a clear (growing) trend observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System)
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17 pages, 539 KiB  
Article
Water Consumption Range Prediction in Huelva’s Households Using Classification and Regression Trees
by Gustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy and Yilsy M. Núñez-Guerrero
Water 2021, 13(4), 506; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040506 - 15 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2188
Abstract
This paper uses the numerical results of surveys sent to Huelva’s (Andalusia, Spain) households to determine the degree of knowledge they have about the urban water cycle, needs, values, and attitudes regarding water in an intermediary city with low water stress. In previous [...] Read more.
This paper uses the numerical results of surveys sent to Huelva’s (Andalusia, Spain) households to determine the degree of knowledge they have about the urban water cycle, needs, values, and attitudes regarding water in an intermediary city with low water stress. In previous research, we achieved three different households’ clusters. The first one grouped households with high knowledge of the integral water cycle and a positive attitude to smart devices at home. The second cluster described households with low knowledge of the integral water cycle and high sensitivity to price. The third one showed average knowledge and predisposition to have a closer relationship with the water company. This paper continues with this research line, applying Classification and Regression Trees (CART) to determine which hierarchy of variables/factors/independent components obtained from the surveys are the decisive ones to predict the range of household water consumption in Huelva. Positive attitudes towards improved cleaning habits for personal or household purposes are the highest hierarchy component to predict the water consumption range. Second in the hierarchy, the variable Knowledge Global Score about the integral urban water cycle, associated with water literacy, also contributes to predicting the water consumption range. Together with the three clusters obtained previously, these results will allow us to design water demand management strategies (WDM) fit for purpose that enable Huelva’s households to use water more efficiently. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System)
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17 pages, 2676 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Control of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project
by Yongyan Wu, Liqun Li, Zihui Liu, Xiaonan Chen and Huiyong Huang
Water 2021, 13(1), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13010097 - 04 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2099
Abstract
Scientific and effective operation control of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MRP) is crucial to ensure water conveyance safety. As the longest water transfer project in China, its operation is confronted with unprecedented difficulties since it is controlled by a [...] Read more.
Scientific and effective operation control of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MRP) is crucial to ensure water conveyance safety. As the longest water transfer project in China, its operation is confronted with unprecedented difficulties since it is controlled by a large number of check gates and diversion gates, subject to multiple constraints, and has no online regulation reservoirs. No automatic control models have been successfully put into use yet. This paper firstly introduced an expanded downstream depth operation method, and then scheduled the delivery using the volume balance principle and chartography according to the possible combination of flow change of the check gate, water volume change of the pool and flow change of diversions. Next, an improved real-time control model was established on the basis of PI controller, and the models were integrated into an automatic system for daily operation. Finally, a case study was carried out. Results showed that water level variations could be controlled within the target interval (0.25 m), and users’ demands could be met five times more rapidly. In addition, the total times of check gate operation could be reduced almost two times. The findings could promote the intelligent operation of the MRP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System)
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19 pages, 4473 KiB  
Article
Application of Model Predictive Control for Large-Scale Inverted Siphon in Water Distribution System in the Case of Emergency Operation
by Zheli Zhu, Guanghua Guan, Zhonghao Mao, Kang Wang, Shixiang Gu and Gang Chen
Water 2020, 12(10), 2733; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102733 - 30 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2095
Abstract
The emergency control of Menglou~Qifang inverted siphon, which is about 72 km long, is the key to the safety of the Northern Hubei Water Transfer Project. Given the complicated layout of this project, traditional emergency control method has been challenged with the fast [...] Read more.
The emergency control of Menglou~Qifang inverted siphon, which is about 72 km long, is the key to the safety of the Northern Hubei Water Transfer Project. Given the complicated layout of this project, traditional emergency control method has been challenged with the fast hydraulic transient characteristics of pressurized flow. This paper describes the application of model predictive control (MPC), a popular automatic control algorithm advanced in explicitly accounting for various constraints and optimizing control operation, in emergency condition. For the fast prediction to the pipe-canal combination system, a linear model for large-scale inverted siphon proposed by the latest research and the integrator-delay (ID) model for open canals are used. Simulation results show that the proposed MPC algorithm has promising performance on guaranteeing the safety of the project when there are sudden flow obstruction incidents of varying degrees downstream. Compared with control groups, the peak pressure can be reduced by 17.2 m by MPC under the most critical scenario, albeit with more complicated gates operations and more water release (up to 9.75 × 104 m3). Based on the linear model for long inverted siphon, this work highlights the applicability of MPC in the emergency control of large-scale pipe-canal combination system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Risk Assessment in Water Supply System)
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