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Water
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Nanoparticles for Environmental Risk Reduction in Water and Wastewater
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Nanoparticles for Environmental Risk Reduction in Water and Wastewater

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 3348

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Li Ling

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
Interests: novel (photo)catalysts and (photo)catalytic systems Formation and removal of disinfection by-products (DBPs) aquaponic farming
Dr. Chunzhao Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
Interests: emerging contaminant; microplastics; environmental behavior; photodegradation; health risk assessment
Dr. Zihang Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
Interests: advanced oxidation process; zero valent metal; emerging contaminant; heavy metal; photocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

 Nanoparticles are widely studied and sometimes used in water and wastewater treatment. In the last decade, different structured nanoparticles are synthesized, and the search for novel nanoparticles has rocketed up, which is partially explained by the increasingly demanding standards and discharge limits imposed by legislation, the recognition of new and emerging contaminants/pathogens and by the interest to reuse treated water in multiple applications. Additionally, reduction of environmental risks is also important to ensure that the strategies we used for remediation of parent pollutants or inactivation of pathogens are not creating more problems. Now is the time we should look into how we find ways to use nanoparticles to reduce the environmental risks to improve our living standards and ecosystems around us.

This special issue invites the submission of original research papers or review papers covering the latest findings and progresses in this field. We are keen to receive contributions reporting results with different kinds of nanoparticles to reduce environmental risk in different scenarios (drinking water treatment, municipal wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, among others), covering a wide range of target environmental risks (emerging pollutants, pathogens, heavy metals, among others). Field applications of nanoparticles in reducing environmental risks in water and wastewater are also welcomed.

Dr. Li Ling
Dr. Chunzhao Chen
Dr. Zihang Cheng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental risks
  • nanoparticle
  • pollutant remediation
  • pathogen inactivation
  • sustainable development

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3258 KiB  
Article
Effective Adsorption of Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonates from Wastewater by Nano-Activated Carbon: Performance and Mechanisms
by Hao Yi, Xiaolin Chen, Zewei Liu, Hongxia Xi, Zecong Ding, Kai Cui and Yongyou Hu
Water 2023, 15(22), 4013; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15224013 - 19 Nov 2023
Viewed by 930
Abstract
Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonates (F-53B) were often used as mist suppressants in the chrome plating industry, resulting in the large discharge of F-53B-containing electroplating wastewater into the aquatic environment. Due to the high toxicity of F-53B, increasing attention has been paid to its [...] Read more.
Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonates (F-53B) were often used as mist suppressants in the chrome plating industry, resulting in the large discharge of F-53B-containing electroplating wastewater into the aquatic environment. Due to the high toxicity of F-53B, increasing attention has been paid to its efficient removal from wastewater. In this study, three nano-activated carbons were successfully prepared from coconut shell carbons by a simple one-step KOH activation method. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption experiments showed that the synthesized coconut shell activated carbons possessed a well-developed nano-pore structure, which was favorable for the adsorption of F-53B. The results suggested that the adsorption of F-53B on the coconut shell activated carbons followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and was better fitted in the Langmuir isotherm, indicating that the adsorption of F-53B was mainly controlled by chemical adsorption and was mainly monolayer adsorption. Theoretical calculation results revealed that the faster adsorption rate of F-53B on CSAC_800 than on CSAC_600 and CSAC_700 could be contributed to the lower adsorption energy of F-53B on CSAC_800 and the higher self-diffusion coefficients of F-53B in CSAC_800. The higher adsorption capacity of CSAC_800 (qm = 537.6 mg·g−1) for F-53B than that of CSAC_600 (qm = 396.83 mg·g−1) and CSAC_700 (qm = 476.19 mg·g−1) could be attributed to the higher specific surface area and larger number of adsorption sites of CSAC_800. The results of this study demonstrate that coconut shell activated carbons with a well-developed nano-pore structure are an effective adsorbent for F-53B removal and have a good application prospect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles for Environmental Risk Reduction in Water and Wastewater)
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16 pages, 2055 KiB  
Article
The Uptake of Engineered Nanoparticles by Sludge Particulates
by Soohoon Choi, Murray Johnston, Gen-Shuh Wang and Chin-Pao Huang
Water 2023, 15(16), 2872; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162872 - 9 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 961
Abstract
The aim of the study was to understand the removal characteristics of engineered nanoparticles (ENP) from sludge treatment processes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Removal of ENP (TiO2, ZnO) was tested on primary and secondary sludge, using differential sedimentation experiments to [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to understand the removal characteristics of engineered nanoparticles (ENP) from sludge treatment processes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Removal of ENP (TiO2, ZnO) was tested on primary and secondary sludge, using differential sedimentation experiments to quantify the attachment of ENP to sludge particulates. To better understand the attachment characteristics, aquatic conditions such as mixed liquid suspended solid concentration, and Ionic strength of the wastewater, were varied to replicate different field conditions of WWTPs. Results showed different degrees of multilayer attachment to sludge surfaces based on the experimental conditions. To verify the effect of ENP surface characters with the sludge attachment, SiO2, ZnO, and TiO2 were tested, showing SiO2 with the highest amount of attachment regardless of its surface charge. With the variation of sludge concentration, up to four degrees of magnitude in sorption was observed. Salt concentrations also showed high impacts on the sorption, where the sorption is decreased by half when doubling the salt concentration. The findings of the current research may aid in understanding the fate of engineered nanoparticles in wastewater treatment plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles for Environmental Risk Reduction in Water and Wastewater)
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16 pages, 3890 KiB  
Article
Harnessing Evanescent Waves in UV-Irradiated TiO2-Coated Quartz Optical Fibers Improves Pollutant Degradation in Water
by Yinghao Song, Chii Shang and Li Ling
Water 2023, 15(12), 2226; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15122226 - 13 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1137
Abstract
Coupling TiO2-coated quartz optical fibers (TiO2-QOFs) with LEDs shows potential in degrading organics in water. Conventional TiO2-QOFs with thick and compact coatings are inefficient to degrade organic pollutants due to refraction losses. The research focuses on manipulating [...] Read more.
Coupling TiO2-coated quartz optical fibers (TiO2-QOFs) with LEDs shows potential in degrading organics in water. Conventional TiO2-QOFs with thick and compact coatings are inefficient to degrade organic pollutants due to refraction losses. The research focuses on manipulating coating strategies to increase the generation of evanescent waves, which react more efficiently with the coated TiO2, which shows a crystal structure at anatase/rutile of 85/15. Through the use of dip-coating methods, TiO2 can be effectively deposited on quartz optical fibers, leveraging the principle of electrostatic attraction. By decreasing TiO2 dip-coating concentrations from 200 to 10 mg/L, dip-coating duration from 2 to 0.5 h, and coating cycles from 3 to 1, TiO2 patchiness on quartz fibers was reduced by 50–60%, enhancing the formation of more interspaces between the fiber surfaces and the coatings, which in turn allowed over 90% of evanescent waves in the TiO2-QOFs. The evanescent wave-dominated TiO2-QOFs irradiated by 275 nm UV-LED exhibited methylene blue degradation rate constants at around 0.03 h−1 and quantum yields greater than unity, indicating a highly efficient interaction between the evanescent wave and the surface coatings. These findings offer significant insights into optimizing the utilization of evanescent waves in TiO2-QOFs for pollutant degradation by regulating the coating structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles for Environmental Risk Reduction in Water and Wastewater)
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