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Water
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Aquaculture Water Safety
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Aquaculture Water Safety

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 7237

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xingguo Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: aquaculture engineering; aquatic environment; aquaculture wastewater treatment; aquatic safety; sustainable fishery progress
Dr. Jun Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
Interests: environmental restoration of aquaculture waters; purification of aquaculture tail water; ecological breeding technology; safety of aquaculture waters
Dr. Jie Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: aquatic ecotoxicology; aquaculture tailwater treatment; pond sediment disposal; algae biomass development; pond nutrition management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the important contribution of the fisheries and aquaculture sector to global food security and nutrition has been increasingly recognized. Water quality safety in aquaculture is the key to ensure the quality of aquatic products. In addition, the environmental risk caused by the discharge of aquaculture tail water has also become a key problem restricting the healthy development of aquaculture. This Special Issue focuses on the safety of aquaculture water. The thematic areas covered include, but are not limited to: pollution characteristics of typical aquaculture water bodies, construction and evaluation of aquaculture water quality models, physical/chemical/biological control technologies of water environment during aquaculture, purification technology of aquaculture tail water, etc. The purpose of this Special Issue is to establish a theoretical and practical framework for aquaculture water environment security, so as to meet the growing global demand for aquatic product security.

The difference between this Special Issue and the existing literature is that it focuses on the water environment safety involved in the aquaculture industry. This will directly affect the healthy development of the aquaculture industry, and is also an effective strategy to deal with the global water pollution and food crisis.

Dr. Xingguo Liu
Dr. Jun Xie
Dr. Jie Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquaculture
  • aquaculture engineering
  • water quality control
  • aquaculture wastewater treatment
  • green and low-carbon aquaculture

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3742 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline by La-Fe Co-Doped SrTiO3/TiO2 Composites: Performance and Mechanism Study
by Mingzhu Hu, Weifang Chen and Jie Wang
Water 2024, 16(2), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020210 - 07 Jan 2024
Viewed by 984
Abstract
Human health, as well as the ecosystem’s natural equilibrium, may be jeopardized by the discharge of tetracycline into the aquatic environment. In order to effectively photocatalyzed the degradation of tetracycline in aqueous solution under visible light, this study used a two-step hydrothermal approach [...] Read more.
Human health, as well as the ecosystem’s natural equilibrium, may be jeopardized by the discharge of tetracycline into the aquatic environment. In order to effectively photocatalyzed the degradation of tetracycline in aqueous solution under visible light, this study used a two-step hydrothermal approach to produce composites of SrTiO3/TiO2 doped with two metal elements, lanthanum (La) and iron (Fe). The crystal structure, morphology, electronic structure, particle size, specific surface area and photocatalytic properties of the catalysts were assessed using a variety of methods, such as fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, BET and particle size analysis. After 120 min of exposure to visible light, the co-doped catalyst showed a degradation rate of 99.1%, which was nine times greater than that of SrTiO3/TiO2 at catalyst dosing of 1.6 g/L and tetracycline concentration of 20 mg/L. The synthesized photocatalyst exhibited good tolerance to changes in pH, with the degradation efficiency of tetracycline remaining stable within the pH range of 4–10. The La-Sr (Ti-Fe) O3/TiO2 catalyst also demonstrated excellent photostability after recycling. The mechanism of tetracycline degradation is primarily attributed to the active oxidation by photogenerated holes and •O2−. Furthermore, tetracycline degradation pathways were analyzed via HPLC-MS to identify intermediates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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35 pages, 28427 KiB  
Article
Combining Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses to Investigate the Acute Effects of Microcystin-LR and Nanoplastics of Asian Clams
by Jiahua Zhang, Jie Wang, Shikun Liu, Yin Zhou and Xingguo Liu
Water 2023, 15(19), 3519; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15193519 - 09 Oct 2023
Viewed by 998
Abstract
In agricultural and fishery production, the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and the contamination of freshwater systems with microplastics have become increasingly important research focuses. However, the individual and combined toxic mechanisms of these two pollutants are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in this [...] Read more.
In agricultural and fishery production, the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and the contamination of freshwater systems with microplastics have become increasingly important research focuses. However, the individual and combined toxic mechanisms of these two pollutants are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the effects of these two stressors, microcystins (MC) and nanoplastics (NP), on the transcriptome and metabolome of the hepatopancreas of river clams. RNA and metabolites extracted from river clams treated with MC, NP, and a combination of MC and NP were used to construct standardized cDNA libraries, which were then subjected to integrated analysis. Significant enrichment of 49 pathways, 34 pathways, and 44 pathways was observed in the MC group compared to the control group, NP group compared to the control group, and NP-MC group compared to the control group, respectively. In these three experimental groups, we found that the lysosome pathway, which affects immune function and cell apoptosis, was enriched with numerous differentially expressed genes and metabolites. Changes in ATP6N and ADP may impair lysosomal acidification and disrupt normal lysosomal degradation processes, indicating interference with the hepatopancreatic metabolism of pollutants. Interestingly, we observed significant alterations in the cathepsin family, and the downregulation of cathepsin genes, along with the downregulation of ATP6N, implies a potential disruption in lysosomal proteolysis. In the NP-MC group, the downregulation of purine expression levels suggests an impact on the immune system of river clams by NP-MC. In conclusion, while there is some overlap in the damage caused to the hepatopancreas of river clams by MCs, MPs, and the combination of NP-MC, further research is necessary to fully understand their effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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12 pages, 1920 KiB  
Article
Dissipation of Eutrophic Substances in Grass Carp Aquaculture Pond Water by Ozone
by Zhe Chen, Xingguo Liu, Xiangyu Cheng and Zeyu Guo
Water 2023, 15(18), 3167; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183167 - 05 Sep 2023
Viewed by 789
Abstract
Suspended solids (SS) have become the main cause of water quality deterioration in aquaculture ponds. The application of ozone to aquaculture water bodies can improve the water quality and facilitate the removal of suspended solids. We used different concentrations of ozone to oxidize [...] Read more.
Suspended solids (SS) have become the main cause of water quality deterioration in aquaculture ponds. The application of ozone to aquaculture water bodies can improve the water quality and facilitate the removal of suspended solids. We used different concentrations of ozone to oxidize aquaculture water and then determined the resulting concentration of suspended solids and their particle size distribution, as well as CODMn, UV254, algal density, and nitrogen content. The results showed the following: (i) The decrease in SS was the highest, amounting to 10.47%, after the addition of 2 mg/L of ozone and the completion of the oxidation reaction. Ozone caused the fragmentation of large SS particles and the flocculation of small particles, and these effects became more pronounced as the ozone concentration increased; (ii) After the introduction of ozone, the humus macromolecules naturally present in the water were oxidized, which improved the biochemical degradation of the water pollutants; (iii) Ozone oxidation caused the degradation of algae, resulting in a decrease in phytoplankton biomass and in the eutrophication of the water body; (iv) As the ozone concentration increased, the level of nitrous nitrogen decreased, while the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen were unchanged. The highest increase in total nitrogen was measured when 0.5 mg/L of ozone was applied. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of ozone to eliminate eutrophic substances in freshwater ponds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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15 pages, 3709 KiB  
Article
Eco-Engineering Technologies and Achievements of Projects for Reconstructing Landscape Water from Aquaculture Ponds in Shanghai
by Guowei Zhang, Qian Zhang and Kankan Shang
Water 2023, 15(16), 2881; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162881 - 09 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1024
Abstract
The post-evaluation of ecological redevelopment is a good way of describing its achievements. In this paper, eco-engineering techniques, including hydrodynamic circulation reconstruction, water purification treatment, and aquatic ecosystem restoration, along with plant harvesting management, have been applied to reconstruct landscape water from aquaculture [...] Read more.
The post-evaluation of ecological redevelopment is a good way of describing its achievements. In this paper, eco-engineering techniques, including hydrodynamic circulation reconstruction, water purification treatment, and aquatic ecosystem restoration, along with plant harvesting management, have been applied to reconstruct landscape water from aquaculture ponds. Both sediments and water quality were sampled and tested for basic physicochemical parameters and heavy metals. The ecological redevelopment of landscape water reconstructed from aquaculture ponds was evaluated using the single and Nemero comprehensive pollution index methods. The results demonstrate that nutrients, including organic matter and organic nitrogen and their ratio to sediments, were confirmed to be in a state of moderate pollution, while the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution was relatively low. Although the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were significantly higher than those of other indexes, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, all presented obvious downward trends over time, and a majority of the water samples exhibited mild-to-moderate pollution levels. In general, this study provides a set of reference values for redeveloping water ecosystems from aquaculture ponds using eco-engineering technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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16 pages, 451 KiB  
Article
A Study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budgets in a Polyculture System of Oreochromis niloticus, Aristichthys nobilis, and Cherax quadricarinatus
by Banghui Liu, Kai Zhang, Guangjun Wang and Xugang He
Water 2023, 15(15), 2699; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15152699 - 26 Jul 2023
Viewed by 853
Abstract
Polyculture is an effective way to achieve efficient utilization of nutrient resources in high-density intensive aquaculture systems. In order to study the optimal culture mode of Oreochromis niloticu, Aristichthys nobilis, and Cherax quadricarinatus, the budget of nitrogen and phosphorus in [...] Read more.
Polyculture is an effective way to achieve efficient utilization of nutrient resources in high-density intensive aquaculture systems. In order to study the optimal culture mode of Oreochromis niloticu, Aristichthys nobilis, and Cherax quadricarinatus, the budget of nitrogen and phosphorus in various polyculture systems (CH, CHC1, CHC2, CHC3) was studied with land-based enclosures. The results showed that all the three polyculture systems had higher total yields of cultured animals than the control group (two polyculture systems) (p < 0.05). The co-cultured organisms absorbed artificial feed or organic matter (such as plankton and sediment) from the polyculture system to different degrees. Feed was the main input of nitrogen (98.22–98.33%) and phosphorus (99.43–99.56%) in all systems. Considering the N and P outputs, 46.64–64.58% and 81.60–84.79%, respectively, accumulated in the sediment, and 34.43–52.55% and 14.89–17.30% of the N and P outputs, respectively, were harvested by aquaculture organisms. The pollution production coefficients of TN and TP in the O. niloticus polyculture ponds were 5.35–6.26 g/m2 and 1.17–1.61 g/m2, respectively. The TN production coefficients of O. niloticus and the ternary polyculture groups (CHC1, CHC2, and CHC3) were lower than that of the control group (CH). The TP production coefficients showed the opposite pattern. The N and P utilization efficiencies in the group with the optimal ratio of O. niloticus, A. nobilis, and C. quadricarinatus (4, 0.15, and 3 ind/m2, respectively) were 2.56–12.82% and 6.62–11.03% higher, respectively, compared with those of the other groups. The N utilization efficiency was effectively improved in this group with the optimum stocking density for the polyculture systems, resulting in improved ecological efficiency and economic benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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16 pages, 3564 KiB  
Article
Perovskite LaMnO3 Composite Graphene Carbon Nitride g-C3N4 Improves the Photocatalytic Performance of Tetracycline Degradation
by Ming Lu, Jiaqi Dong, Mingzhu Hu, Guofeng Cheng and Juan Lv
Water 2023, 15(8), 1627; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081627 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1912
Abstract
With the extensive use and improper treatment of antibiotics, antibiotic pollution in aquaculture wastewater has become increasingly severe. Tetracycline antibiotics have become one of the most commonly used fishery antibiotics. In this study, a Z-scheme heterostructure LaMnO3/g-C3N4 was [...] Read more.
With the extensive use and improper treatment of antibiotics, antibiotic pollution in aquaculture wastewater has become increasingly severe. Tetracycline antibiotics have become one of the most commonly used fishery antibiotics. In this study, a Z-scheme heterostructure LaMnO3/g-C3N4 was constructed by the sol–gel method as a photocatalyst to degrade tetracycline, and the influence of anions on the degradation effect was investigated. The LaMnO3/g-C3N4 hybrid was successfully constructed by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, and X-ray diffraction. The results of degradation experiments demonstrated that the maximum tetracycline degradation efficiency of LaMnO3/g-C3N4-10 (LMO/CN-10) was 80%, the removal rate of TC decreased from 71% to 48% when the concentration of chloride ions increased from 0 mM to 10 mM, and the removal rate of TC decreased from 75% to 28% when the concentration of carbonate ions increased from 0 mM to 10 mM. This enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the formation of a Z-scheme structure that promoted the separation of photoinduced electron holes while maintaining its own strong redox ability. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism was designed based on the free radical trapping experiment, electrochemical impedance, and photoluminescence spectra, providing an opportunity for the construction of a new photocatalyst for the treatment of aquaculture tailwater in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Water Safety)
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