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Water
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Harbor, Waterway and Marinas Hydrodynamics
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Harbor, Waterway and Marinas Hydrodynamics

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 3728

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Manuel Espino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratori d’Enginyeria Marítima, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
Interests: numerical modeling; hydrodynamics; coastal processes; hydrodynamic modeling; coastal engineering numerical simulation; physical oceanography
Dr. Manel Grifoll

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratori d’Enginyeria Marítima, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
Interests: applied marine sciences; estuarine and coastal areas; coupled numerical modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Enrique Alvarez Fanjul

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mercato Ocean International, Toulouse, France
Interests: ocean forecasting; ocean circulation; estuarine and coastal areas; blue economy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Harbour, waterway and marina domains are affected by weather events that can be extreme, such as storm surges and strong winds, affecting their infrastructures and their activity. These are expected to increase in the near future, according to climate change predictions, which will compound the challenge of characterising port impacts under accelerating sea-level rise, the enhanced vulnerability of coastal areas and stressed harbour operability.

In addition, water in harbours, waterways and marinas and their neighbouring areas can present pollution problems caused by a variety of sources, including those arising from the regular operation of ships, such as cleaning and bunkering; from land-based sources, such as runoff; and from point sources, such as discharges resulting from accidents. In parallel, water quality in harbours is also conditioned by the physical behaviour of the receiving environment, i.e., by its hydrodynamics and renewal capacity. The environmental impact also depends on the commercial activities carried out in the harbour domain. The great variety and diversity of locations, size, industrial activity, traffic volume, and local meteo-ocean conditions present a significant challenge in providing a unified response to sustainable development and environmental protection demands.

Characterising and being able to predict the different variables that define the hydrodynamics in harbour, waterway and marina domains and the water exchanges with the outer coastal zone is a critical factor for environmental and economic sustainable decisions. The proposed hydrodynamic characterization for restricted coastal domains must combine data obtained from numerical models, in situ and remote observations leading to a multi-source and multi-disciplinary assessment. The aggregated information makes it possible to characterise harbour, waterway and marinas hydrodynamics, and identify dominant processes and patterns, which can be the basis for an integrated harbour, waterway and marina management.

Papers tackling these challenges are invited to this Special Issue, considering how harbour, waterway and marinas areas can suffer stronger impacts under climate change scenarios due to the combined pressures of sea level rise, changing domains, modified wave conditions or impulsive river discharges. Because of these reasons, it is timely to prepare a set of papers that discuss recent advances in:

  • Harbours, waterways and marinas coupled hydro-morpho-eco modelling;
  • Aggregation of in situ/satellite/numerical data from different sources;
  • Knowledge-based harbour, waterway and marina applications; 
  • Ethical constraints for harbour, waterway and marina applications under large uncertainties. 

Prof. Dr. Manuel Espino
Dr. Manel Grifoll
Dr. Enrique Alvarez Fanjul
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • observations in ports
  • numerical modelling of harbour hydrodynamics dynamics and ecosystems
  • circulation in shallow and sheltered environments
  • wave, tidal and storm forcing of ports water environments
  • mixing in ports
  • climate change affecting port hydrodynamics
  • port entrance hydrodynamics and morphodynamics
  • water quality and light conditions
  • residence, flushing and other hydrodynamic time parameters
  • sedimentary processes, siltation and morphodynamics in harbour
  • meteo-hydrodynamics and port operability

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5265 KiB  
Article
Study of Atmospheric Forcing Influence on Harbour Water Renewal
by Yaiza Samper, Manuel Espino, Maria Liste, Marc Mestres, José M. Alsina and Agustín Sánchez-Arcilla
Water 2023, 15(10), 1813; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101813 - 10 May 2023
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Abstract
In this study, we use observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effect of meteorological parameters such as wind and atmospheric pressure on harbour water exchanges. The modelled information is obtained from the SAMOA (Sistema de Apoyo Meteorológico y Oceanográfico de la Autoridad [...] Read more.
In this study, we use observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effect of meteorological parameters such as wind and atmospheric pressure on harbour water exchanges. The modelled information is obtained from the SAMOA (Sistema de Apoyo Meteorológico y Oceanográfico de la Autoridad Portuaria) forecasting system, which is a high-resolution numerical model for coastal and port-scale forecasting. Based on the observations, six events with high renewal times have been proposed for analysis using the SAMOA model. Therefore, the conclusions of this study have been possible due to the combination of observed data from the measurement campaigns and the information provided by the model. The results show that days with higher renewal times coincide with favourable wind-direction events or increases in atmospheric pressure. After analysing these events using model results, it was observed that during these episodes, water inflows were generated, and in some cases, there was a negative difference in levels between inside and outside the harbour produced by atmospheric pressure variations. The latter may be due to the fact that the water in the harbour (having a lower volume) descends faster and, therefore, generates a difference in level between the exterior and the interior and, consequently, inflow currents that imply an increase in the renewal time. These results are a demonstration of how meteorological information (normally available in ports) can be used to estimate currents and water exchanges between ports and their outer harbour area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Harbor, Waterway and Marinas Hydrodynamics)
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23 pages, 9997 KiB  
Article
Application of Physical and Numerical Modeling for Determination of Waterway Safety under the Bridge in Kaunas City, Lithuania
by Tomasz Dysarz, Tomasz Kałuża, Karolis Mickevičius, Jonas Veigneris, Paweł Zawadzki, Sebastian Kujawiak, Stanisław Zaborowski, Joanna Wicher-Dysarz, Natalia Walczak, Jakub Nieć and Raimundas Baublys
Water 2023, 15(4), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040731 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1985
Abstract
The main problem presented in this paper is the safety inlet navigation of the waterway below the bridge in the city of Kaunas in Lithuania. The analyzed reach is located in the Nemunas river downstream of the Kaunas dam. It is a part [...] Read more.
The main problem presented in this paper is the safety inlet navigation of the waterway below the bridge in the city of Kaunas in Lithuania. The analyzed reach is located in the Nemunas river downstream of the Kaunas dam. It is a part of the waterway E–41 leading to the Klaipeda harbor on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. The work was initiated by the Lithuanian company UAB “Inžinerinis projektavimas” with funds from the project called European Union Trans-European Transport Network (EU TEN-T). The main requirement imposed along this reach is to keep sufficient depth even in the range of the lowest flows. The depth is sufficient if it is not lower than 1.15 m for minimum flows such as Q95% and Q95% with ice. The hydraulic conditions for maximum flow Q50%, Q5%, and Q1% are also taken into account for control because the threat of hydraulic jump generation was also noticed. The research is based on georeferenced data from public and non-public sources. The hydrologic data were received from the Lithuanian Hydrometeorological Service. The physical model was created in the Water Laboratory of the Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering at Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland. The preprocessing of spatial data in ArcGIS 10.8.2 and rules of hydraulic similarity were implemented in the process of physical model preparation. Three experiments were conducted in the laboratory with scaled values of Q95%, Q5%, and Q1%. The measurements of the water surface and evaluations of the average velocity were used to validate the 2D numerical model prepared in HEC-RAS 6.3.1. The basic layers of the HEC-RAS model were preprocessed in ArcGIS 10.8.2 by ESRI company. The numerical model was implemented to test different values of unknown roughness of the channel bottom. The simulations were conducted for the real values of Q95% and Q95% with ice and Q50%. The results of the simulations were depth and Froude number maps. These maps were classified into zones of no risk, middle risk, and high risk. ArcGIS in the post-processing phase was applied to identify the locations of the hazards. The magnitude of risk was expressed in terms of minimum depth achieved, maximum Froude number, as well as the length of the reaches with high risk related to these two factors. The threat of hydraulic jump formation below the bridge was also noticed. Conducted results confirmed that the combination of hydrodynamic simulations and geoprocessing in the pre- and post-processing stages could be a powerful tool in hydraulic engineering analyses. Additionally, it is worth noting that numerical modeling enables a wider analysis of potential conditions than could be possible with a physical model only. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Harbor, Waterway and Marinas Hydrodynamics)
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