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Vehicles
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Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies
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Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies

A special issue of Vehicles (ISSN 2624-8921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 7722

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mohammed Chadli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Univ Evry Department UFR Sciences and Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, 91020 Evry, France
Interests: fuzzy/polynomial/LPV/singular systems; LMI/SOS; FDI; FTC; automotive control; intelligent vehicle; renewable energy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to publish high-quality complete review papers on automotive engineering and transportation engineering. The Special Issue will highlight a diverse set of topics related to vehicles (motorcycles, cars, buses, trucks, trains, trams, UAVs, drones, etc.) and transportation with regards to the design, modelling and simulation, manufacture, testing, operation and modification of those vehicles and their engineering systems. 

 The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Vehicle components and subsystems;
  • Vehicle and driveline dynamics;
  • Vehicle electrical systems;
  • Internal combustion engines;
  • Fuel and energy system;
  • Simulation and modelling;
  • Vehicle safety (automotive safety);
  • Terra mechanics including the study of tires and roads;
  • Vehicle materials;
  • Intelligent and autonomous driving/control;
  • Vehicle fault diagnostics/diagnosis;
  • Transport electrification;
  • Intelligent transportation systems;
  • V2X communication;
  • Interaction between vehicles and the environment;
  • Driver assistance.

Review papers should provide syntheses of ideas and have the potential to challenge the existing paradigms and create new frameworks that will advance our understanding of all aspects of automotive engineering and transportation engineering.

Review manuscripts should comprise the front matter, literature review sections, and the back matter. You may use the template file to prepare the front and back matter of your review manuscript; it is not necessary to follow the remaining structure. Structured reviews and meta-analyses should use the same structure as research articles, and ensure that they conform to the PRISMA guidelines.

Prof. Dr. Mohammed Chadli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vehicles is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vehicle components and subsystems
  • vehicle and driveline dynamics
  • vehicle electrical systems
  • internal combustion engines
  • fuel and energy system
  • vehicle safety
  • terra mechanics
  • intelligent and autonomous driving/control
  • vehicle fault diagnostics/diagnosis
  • transport electrification
  • intelligent transportation systems
  • V2X communication
  • driver assistance

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 8078 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Energy Equivalent Speed of Car Damage Using a Finite Element Model
by Paweł Droździel, Tomas Pasaulis, Robertas Pečeliūnas and Saugirdas Pukalskas
Vehicles 2024, 6(2), 632-650; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles6020029 - 30 Mar 2024
Viewed by 373
Abstract
To determine the speed of a vehicle in a collision with body deformation, the kinetic energy input of the vehicle to cause body damage must be estimated. This paper analyzes the methods for estimating the energy equivalent of vehicle damage. A finite element [...] Read more.
To determine the speed of a vehicle in a collision with body deformation, the kinetic energy input of the vehicle to cause body damage must be estimated. This paper analyzes the methods for estimating the energy equivalent of vehicle damage. A finite element model of a Toyota Yaris developed by the National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC) for use in the LS DYNA R.11.0.0 software environment is used for the simulation. The simulations include tests of the vehicle hitting a non-deformable wall, an object simulating a pole or a tree. The residual deformations obtained are used to determine the energy equivalent speed (EES) values using the “Crash 3—EBS Calculation 12.0” software and a visual comparison with the EES catalog database, where the EES parameter value is recalculated to take into account the difference in the mass of the vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies)
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12 pages, 3996 KiB  
Article
Hybridisation Concept of Light Vehicles Utilising an Electrified Planetary Gear Set
by Michael Engels, Moritz Jakoby, Timm Fahrbach and Jakob Andert
Vehicles 2023, 5(4), 1622-1633; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5040088 - 07 Nov 2023
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Climate change and air pollution are two significant challenges facing our society and represent a major driver for new developments in the transport sector. As a consequence, automotive manufacturers have focused on the electrification of vehicle propulsion systems and offer a wide range [...] Read more.
Climate change and air pollution are two significant challenges facing our society and represent a major driver for new developments in the transport sector. As a consequence, automotive manufacturers have focused on the electrification of vehicle propulsion systems and offer a wide range of hybrid and full-electric vehicles in different classes. However, in the world’s most densely populated metropolitan areas, small and lightweight vehicles are key for the mobility of millions. Traditionally these vehicles have provided cost-effective transportation which is difficult to preserve with vehicle electrification. Many of these light vehicles, such as scooters and all-terrain vehicles, use internal combustion engines in combination with a continuously variable rubber belt transmission which provides a simple, comfortable and cost-effective transmission technology but with poor efficiency and high maintenance costs. In this contribution, a novel full hybrid powertrain concept is proposed that offers a similar driving experience to conventional continuously variable transmissions while providing significantly improved performance and fuel economy combined with low system complexity. In its basic configuration, the hybrid powertrain can operate without active actuators and even with mechanical throttle control of the internal combustion engine. This minimalist approach reduces system costs and helps to create a competitive solution for price-sensitive markets. The hybrid system is based on a planetary gear set that combines the internal combustion engine and an electric motor. It is complemented by a centrifugal clutch and one-way clutch, resulting in different operating modes for low and high speeds as well as for electric driving. This paper describes the mechanical design and control approach of the proposed hybrid powertrain layout. In order to evaluate the basic functionalities, a prototype vehicle was built and tested. This contribution shows the integration of the hybrid powertrain concept in a prototype vehicle and proves the fulfilment of all required full hybrid functionalities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies)
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15 pages, 1089 KiB  
Article
Vehicle-to-Grid Market Readiness in Europe with a Special Focus on Germany
by Christopher Hecht, Jan Figgener and Dirk Uwe Sauer
Vehicles 2023, 5(4), 1452-1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5040079 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2406
Abstract
Vehicle-to-grid means that electric vehicles are charged when electricity is plentiful and discharged when it is scarce. New battery-electric vehicles have an energy capacity above 60 kWh installed and practically always have a DC connector. With over 1 million of such vehicles in [...] Read more.
Vehicle-to-grid means that electric vehicles are charged when electricity is plentiful and discharged when it is scarce. New battery-electric vehicles have an energy capacity above 60 kWh installed and practically always have a DC connector. With over 1 million of such vehicles in Germany alone already, the flexibility potential to balance out fluctuating renewable generation or compensate for grid constraints is large. While many actors are working to enable this market, the readiness of hardware and regulations as well as the potential volume are hard to grasp. This paper provides an overview of these factors for Europe with a special focus on Germany. We find that some countries started to implement regulatory frameworks but none are ready yet. Issues include taxation, the fulfillment of grid codes, and the lack of smart meters. In terms of vehicles, 25 manufacturers with bidirectional charging ability were identified, but most vehicles were only used in field tests or operate in island mode. In terms of charging infrastructure, the picture is brighter with at least 20 manufacturers that offer DC bidirectional charging stations and 2 offering an AC variant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies)
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14 pages, 10688 KiB  
Article
Validation of Automated Driving Function Based on the Apollo Platform: A Milestone for Simulation with Vehicle-in-the-Loop Testbed
by Hexuan Li, Vamsi Prakash Makkapati, Li Wan, Ernst Tomasch, Heinz Hoschopf and Arno Eichberger
Vehicles 2023, 5(2), 718-731; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5020039 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2292
Abstract
With the increasing complexity of automated driving features, it is crucial to adopt innovative approaches that combine hardware and software to validate prototype vehicles in the early stages of development. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a Vehicle-in-the-Loop (ViL) testbed in conducting dynamic [...] Read more.
With the increasing complexity of automated driving features, it is crucial to adopt innovative approaches that combine hardware and software to validate prototype vehicles in the early stages of development. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a Vehicle-in-the-Loop (ViL) testbed in conducting dynamic tests of vehicles equipped with highly automated driving functions. The tests are designed to replicate critical driving scenarios from real-world environments on the ViL testbed. In this study, the Apollo platform is utilized to develop an automated driving function that can perceive the surrounding traffic in a virtual environment and generate feasible trajectories. This is achieved with the help of a multibody simulation platform. The control commands from the simulated driving function are then transmitted to the real vehicle to execute the planned action. The results demonstrate that critical traffic scenarios can be replicated more safely and repeatedly on the ViL testbed. Meanwhile, the Apollo-based driving function can effectively and comfortably cope with critical scenarios. Importantly, this study marks a significant milestone for the Apollo platform as it is implemented in a real-time system and tested on a ViL testbed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies)
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Review

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18 pages, 1299 KiB  
Review
Enhancing Security in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication: A Comprehensive Review of Protocols and Techniques
by Muhana Magboul Ali Muslam
Vehicles 2024, 6(1), 450-467; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles6010020 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1230
Abstract
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication has played a pivotal role in modern intelligent transportation systems, enabling seamless information exchange among vehicles to enhance road safety, traffic efficiency, and overall driving experience. However, the secure transmission of sensitive data between vehicles remains a critical concern due [...] Read more.
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication has played a pivotal role in modern intelligent transportation systems, enabling seamless information exchange among vehicles to enhance road safety, traffic efficiency, and overall driving experience. However, the secure transmission of sensitive data between vehicles remains a critical concern due to potential security threats and vulnerabilities. This research focused on investigating the security protocols that have been employed in vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems. A comprehensive review and analysis of relevant literature and research papers was conducted to gather information on existing V2V communication security protocols and techniques. The analysis encompassed key areas, including authentication mechanisms, encryption algorithms, key management protocols, and intrusion detection systems specifically applicable to V2V communication networks. Within the context of real-world V2V environments, this study delved into the challenges and limitations associated with implementing these protocols. The research aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the current V2V communication security protocols. Furthermore, based on the findings, this paper proposes improvements and recommendations to enhance the security measures of the V2V communication protocol. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of more secure and reliable V2V communication systems, propelling the advancement of intelligent transportation technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on Advanced Vehicle Technologies)
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