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Vaccines
Special Issues
Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases
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Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Influenza Virus Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2023) | Viewed by 6662

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ju-Chi Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
Interests: atherosclerosis; hypertension; molecular biology in cardiovascular systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wen-Rui Hao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
Interests: coronary artery disease; molecular biology in cardiovascular systems; heart failure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chun-Chao Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
Interests: coronary artery disease; electrophysiology; heart failure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effect of influenza vaccination on decreasing the risk of influenza virus infection has been well reported before. Moreover, via the protection from the influenza vaccine, the risk of mortality and other complications of influenza virus infection could be significantly lowered. Therefore, it is highly recommended to receive the influenza vaccine annually, especially for high-risk populations such as patients with chronic diseases, the elderly, and healthcare providers. In addition to the protective effect from infection, the other potential benefits of influenza vaccination have also been demonstrated in previous research. However, detailed mechanism and clinical data on the additional effects of influenza vaccination among patients with chronic diseases are still lacking.

With a deeper understanding of the protective effect of the influenza vaccine on patients with chronic disease beyond infection protection, the long-term outcome of these patients could be further improved. Thus, we are pleased to invite you to submit research articles regarding the effectiveness and potential mechanism of the influenza vaccine among patients with chronic diseases. Clinical observational studies, randomized control trials, and basic molecular/animal investigation are all welcome for submission.

We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Prof. Dr. Ju-Chi Liu
Dr. Wen-Rui Hao
Dr. Chun-Chao Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • influenza vaccine
  • chronic disease

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 959 KiB  
Article
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness against Hospitalization, Season 2021/22: A Test-Negative Design Study in Barcelona
by Mar Fornaguera, Oleguer Parés-Badell, Íngrid Carbonés-Fargas, Cristina Andrés, José Ángel Rodrigo-Pendás, Blanca Borras-Bermejo, Lluís Armadans-Gil, Gabriela Tejada, David Guananga, Martí Vivet-Escalé, Arnau Peñalver-Piñol, Irene Torrecilla-Martínez, Arnau del Oso, Xavier Martínez-Gómez, Andres Antón and Susana Otero-Romero
Vaccines 2023, 11(9), 1450; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091450 - 02 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
Background: Vaccination is considered the most effective measure for preventing influenza and its complications. The influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) varies annually due to the evolution of influenza viruses and the update of vaccine composition. Assessing the IVE is crucial to facilitate decision making [...] Read more.
Background: Vaccination is considered the most effective measure for preventing influenza and its complications. The influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) varies annually due to the evolution of influenza viruses and the update of vaccine composition. Assessing the IVE is crucial to facilitate decision making in public health policies. Aim: to estimate the IVE against hospitalization and its determinants in the 2021/22 season in a Spanish tertiary hospital. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational test-negative design study within the Development of Robust and Innovative Vaccine Effectiveness (DRIVE) project. Hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and an available influenza reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were selected and classified as cases (positive influenza RT-PCR) or controls (negative influenza RT-PCR). Vaccine information was obtained from electronic clinical records shared by public healthcare providers. Information about potential confounders was obtained from hospital clinical registries. The IVE was calculated by subtracting the ratio of the odds of vaccination in cases and controls from one, as a percentage (IVE = (1 − odds ratio (OR)) × 100). Multivariate IVE estimates were calculated using logistic regression. Results: In total, 260 severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) were identified, of which 34 were positive for influenza, and all were subtype A(H3N2). Fifty-three percent were vaccinated. Adjusted IVE against hospitalization was 26.4% (95% CI −69% to 112%). IVE determinants could not be explored due to sample size limitations. Conclusion: Our data revealed non-significant moderate vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization for the 2021/2022 season. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases)
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12 pages, 1897 KiB  
Article
Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rates and Determinants in Greek Children until the Age of Ten (2008–2019), the Rhea Mother–Child Cohort
by Marianna Karachaliou, Irene Damianaki, Maria Moudatsaki, Katerina Margetaki, Theano Roumeliotaki, Vicky Bempi, Marina Moudatsaki, Lida Vaia Chatzi, Marina Vafeiadi and Manolis Kogevinas
Vaccines 2023, 11(7), 1241; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071241 - 14 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1748
Abstract
Background: In Greece, influenza vaccination is currently recommended for children with high-risk conditions. There are limited data on influenza vaccination uptake among Greek children with and without high-risk conditions. We aim to describe the annual influenza vaccination uptake until the age of ten [...] Read more.
Background: In Greece, influenza vaccination is currently recommended for children with high-risk conditions. There are limited data on influenza vaccination uptake among Greek children with and without high-risk conditions. We aim to describe the annual influenza vaccination uptake until the age of ten in a population-based mother–child cohort and identify the factors influencing vaccination rates. Methods: Immunization data from the child’s health cards at 4 and 10 years were available for 830 and 298 children participating in the Rhea cohort (2008–2019). We calculated vaccination coverage by age, winter season and among children with asthma and obesity for whom the vaccine is indicated. Univariable and multivariable stepwise logistic regression models were utilized to identify the association between several sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related variables and vaccine uptake by age four. Results: By the ages of four and ten, 37% and 40% of the children, respectively, had received at least one influenza vaccination. Only 2% of the children were vaccinated for all winter seasons during their first four years of life. The vaccination rate was highest at the age of two and during the 2009–2010 season. Vaccination rates for children with asthma and obesity were 18.2% and 13.3% at age four and 8.3% and 2.9% at age ten. About 10% of all vaccines were administered after December and 24% of the children received only one dose upon initial vaccination. Children with younger siblings and those who had experienced more respiratory infections were more likely to be vaccinated by the age of four, while children exposed to smoking were less likely to be vaccinated. Conclusions: Children in our study were more likely to be vaccinated against influenza at an early age with the peak occurring at the age of two. Nonetheless, annual vaccination uptake was uncommon. Vaccination rates of children with asthma and obesity were well below the national target of 75% for individuals with chronic conditions. Certain groups may merit increased attention in future vaccination campaigns such as children raised in families with unfavourable health behaviours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases)
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11 pages, 640 KiB  
Article
Influenza Vaccination Reduces the Risk of Liver Cancer in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
by Wen-Rui Hao, Tsung-Yeh Yang, Chun-Chao Chen, Kuan-Jie Lin, Chun-Chih Chiu, Yu-Ann Fang, William Jian, Meng-Huan Lei, Hsien-Tang Yeh, Min-Huei Hsu, Nai-Hsuan Chen, Hung-Chang Jong, Jing-Quan Zheng and Ju-Chi Liu
Vaccines 2022, 10(12), 2008; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122008 - 25 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1194
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that influenza vaccination reduces the development of lung cancer. However, the protective effects of influenza vaccination on primary liver cancer in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unclear. This cohort study identified 12,985 patients aged at least 55 [...] Read more.
Previous studies have indicated that influenza vaccination reduces the development of lung cancer. However, the protective effects of influenza vaccination on primary liver cancer in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unclear. This cohort study identified 12,985 patients aged at least 55 years who had received a diagnosis of CKD between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2012 from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The patients were classified according to vaccination status. Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between influenza vaccination and primary liver cancer in patients with CKD. The prevalence of primary liver cancer was lower in patients with CKD who had received an influenza vaccine (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35–0.58, p < 0.001). The protective effects were observed regardless of sex, age, and comorbidities. Moreover, dose-dependent protective effects were observed. In the subgroup analysis, where the patients were classified by the number of vaccinations received, the adjusted hazard ratios for 1, 2–3, and ≥4 vaccinations were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.63–1.17), 0.45 (95% CI: 0.31–0.63), and 0.21 (95% CI: 0.14–0.33), respectively. In conclusion, influenza vaccination was associated with a lower incidence of liver cancer in patients with CKD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases)
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15 pages, 1134 KiB  
Article
Metformin Use before Influenza Vaccination May Lower the Risks of Influenza and Related Complications
by Fu-Shun Yen, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Chung Y. Hsu, Chih-Cheng Hsu and Chii-Min Hwu
Vaccines 2022, 10(10), 1752; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101752 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2186
Abstract
Older adults are more likely to have influenza and respond less well to the flu vaccine. We conducted this study to investigate whether pre-influenza vaccination metformin use had an effect on influenza and relevant complications in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [...] Read more.
Older adults are more likely to have influenza and respond less well to the flu vaccine. We conducted this study to investigate whether pre-influenza vaccination metformin use had an effect on influenza and relevant complications in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Propensity score matching was used to identify 28,169 pairs of metformin users and nonusers from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2018. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the risks of hospitalization for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, ventilation, and mortality between metformin users and nonusers. Compared with metformin nonusers, the aHRs (95% CI) for metformin users at risk of hospitalization for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, invasive mechanical ventilation, death due to cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality were 0.60 (0.34, 1.060), 0.63 (0.53, 0.76), 0.41 (0.36, 0.47), 0.56 (0.45, 0.71), 0.49 (0.33, 0.73), and 0.44 (0.39, 0.51), respectively. Higher cumulative duration of metformin use was associated with lower risks of these outcomes than no use of metformin. This cohort study demonstrated that pre-influenza vaccination metformin use was associated with lower risks of hospitalizations for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, mechanical ventilation, and mortality compared to metformin nonusers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza Vaccination for People with Chronic Diseases)
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