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Universe
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Neutrinos from Artificial Sources
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Neutrinos from Artificial Sources

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "High Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2023) | Viewed by 3966

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonio Branca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
Interests: experimental particle physics; particle detectors; neutrino physics; accelerator-based neutrino beams; neutrino interactions; neutrino oscillations; neutrinoless double beta decay
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Falcone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
Interests: neutrino physics; rare events physics; experimental particle physics; particle detectors; light detection devices; neutrino interactions; neutrino oscillations; cryogenic detectors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the visible Universe, neutrinos are the most abundant particles after photons; nevertheless, their interactions with matter are rare, only through weak forces, which makes the study of their properties very challenging. In recent years, outstanding results have been achieved with natural neutrino sources, leading to a Nobel Prize in 2015 for the discovery of the neutrino flavor oscillations. Nowadays, man-made neutrino sources offer a powerful tool for the precision era of neutrino physics, able to help in shedding light on some of the most important open questions in the physics community, such as why there is more matter than antimatter in the Universe. Assets derived from exploiting neutrinos produced in artificial sources are different. The precise control that can be reached in the production of high-intensity fluxes and the knowledge of their energy, initial flavor and the exact path taken from source to detector make neutrino experiments more effective and sensitive to possible discoveries. Neutrinos from artificial sources have already been proven to be essential for advances in the field, strengthening the three-neutrino oscillation paradigm by improving the precision of the measured parameters. After the discovery of theta_13, the observation of anomalies in the electron antineutrino flux from reactors and anomalies in short baseline experiments, an even greater effort was put into the development of new facilities.

The main topics this Special Issue will cover are related to the physics reach of man-made neutrinos produced via both conventional and novel techniques, specifically:

  • Reactor antineutrinos;
  • Accelerator neutrino beams;
  • Neutrinos from decay at rest;
  • Neutrino from spallation sources;
  • Neutrino from muon storage rings;
  • Beta beam neutrinos.

We invite the submission of original contributions to this Special Issue of Universe, the purpose of which is to review the current status, discuss future perspectives, and stimulate discussion of the topics presented above.

Dr. Antonio Branca
Dr. Andrea Falcone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reactor neutrinos
  • accelerator neutrinos
  • neutrino mixing
  • neutrino oscillations
  • neutrino masses
  • neutrino CP violation
  • neutrino interactions
  • neutrino detectors
  • sterile neutrinos
  • neutrino anomalies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

17 pages, 2867 KiB  
Article
Generating CP Violation from a Modified Fridberg-Lee Model
by Neda Razzaghi, Seyed Meraj Mousavi Rasouli, Paulo Parada and Paulo Moniz
Universe 2022, 8(9), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8090448 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1097
Abstract
The overall characteristics of the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations are approximately consistent with a tribimaximal form of the mixing matrix U of the lepton sector. Exact tribimaximal mixing leads to θ13=0. However, the results from the Daya Bay [...] Read more.
The overall characteristics of the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations are approximately consistent with a tribimaximal form of the mixing matrix U of the lepton sector. Exact tribimaximal mixing leads to θ13=0. However, the results from the Daya Bay and RENO experiments have established, such that in comparison to the other neutrino mixing angles, θ13 is small. Moreover, the atmospheric and solar mass splitting differ by two orders of magnitude. These significant differences constitutes the great enthusiasm and main motivation for our research herein reported. Keeping the behavior of U as tribimaximal, we would make a response to the following questions: at some level, whether or not the small parameters such as the solar neutrino mass splitting and Ue3, which vanish in a new framework, can be interpreted as a modified FL neutrino mass model? Subsequently, a minimal single perturbation leads to nonzero values for both of them? Our minimal perturbation matrix is constructed solely from computing the third mass eigenstate, using the rules of perturbation theory. Let us point out that, unlike other investigations, this matrix is not adopted on an ad hoc basis, but is created following a series of steps that we will describe. Also in compared to the original FL neutrino mass model which generalize it by inserting phase factors, our work is more accurate. Subsequently, we produce the following results that add new contributions to the literature: (a) we obtain a realistic neutrino mixing matrix with δ≠0 and θ23=45∘; (b) the solar mass splitting term is dominated by an imaginary term, which could induce the existence of Majorana neutrinos, along with explaining a large CP violation in nature; (c) the ordering of the neutrino masses is normal; however, at the end of the allowed range, it becomes more degenerate (97%); (d) we also obtain the allowed range of the mass parameters, which not only are in accordance with the experimental data but also allow falsifiable predictions for the masses of the neutrinos and the CP violating phases which none of these results has been achieved in the original FL neutrino mass model. Finally, let us emphasize that the results obtained by our framework here are much more efficient compared to those obtained in previous works in terms of currently available experimental data (namely, the best fit column). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutrinos from Artificial Sources)
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Review

Jump to: Research

17 pages, 1256 KiB  
Review
Future Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiments
by Francesco Terranova
Universe 2024, 10(5), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10050221 (registering DOI) - 16 May 2024
Abstract
Long-baseline neutrino experiments represent the optimal platforms for probing the lepton Yukawa sector of the Standard Model, and significant experiments are either under construction or in the planning stages. This review delves into the scientific motivations behind these facilities, which stem from the [...] Read more.
Long-baseline neutrino experiments represent the optimal platforms for probing the lepton Yukawa sector of the Standard Model, and significant experiments are either under construction or in the planning stages. This review delves into the scientific motivations behind these facilities, which stem from the pivotal 2012 discovery of the θ13 mixing angle. We provide an overview of the two ongoing projects, DUNE and HyperKamiokande, detailing their physics potential and the technical hurdles they face. Furthermore, we briefly examine proposals for forthcoming endeavors and innovative concepts that could push beyond conventional Superbeam technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutrinos from Artificial Sources)
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19 pages, 3625 KiB  
Review
The ESSnuSB Design Study: Overview and Future Prospects
by A. Alekou, E. Baussan, A. K. Bhattacharyya, N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, M. Blennow, M. Bogomilov, B. Bolling, E. Bouquerel, F. Bramati, A. Branca, O. Buchan, A. Burgman, C. J. Carlile, J. Cederkall, S. Choubey, P. Christiansen, M. Collins, E. Cristaldo Morales, L. D’Alessi, H. Danared, D. Dancila, J. P. A. M. de André, J. P. Delahaye, M. Dracos, I. Efthymiopoulos, T. Ekelöf, M. Eshraqi, G. Fanourakis, A. Farricker, E. Fernandez-Martinez, B. Folsom, T. Fukuda, N. Gazis, B. Gålnander, Th. Geralis, M. Ghosh, A. Giarnetti, G. Gokbulut, L. Halić, M. Jenssen, R. Johansson, A. Kayis Topaksu, B. Kildetoft, B. Kliček, M. Kozioł, K. Krhač, Ł. Łacny, M. Lindroos, A. Longhin, C. Maiano, S. Marangoni, C. Marrelli, C. Martins, D. Meloni, M. Mezzetto, N. Milas, M. Oglakci, T. Ohlsson, M. Olvegård, T. Ota, M. Pari, J. Park, D. Patrzalek, G. Petkov, P. Poussot, F. Pupilli, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, D. Saiang, J. Snamina, A. Sosa, G. Stavropoulos, M. Stipčević, B. Szybiński, R. Tarkeshian, F. Terranova, J. Thomas, T. Tolba, E. Trachanas, R. Tsenov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, N. Vassilopoulos, E. Wildner, J. Wurtz, O. Zormpa and Y. Zouadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Universe 2023, 9(8), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9080347 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1324
Abstract
ESSnuSB is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector at the second neutrino oscillation maximum using a neutrino beam driven by the uniquely powerful ESS linear accelerator. The reduced impact of systematic errors on sensitivity [...] Read more.
ESSnuSB is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector at the second neutrino oscillation maximum using a neutrino beam driven by the uniquely powerful ESS linear accelerator. The reduced impact of systematic errors on sensitivity at the second maximum allows for a very precise measurement of the CP violating parameter. This review describes the fundamental advantages of measurement at the second maximum, the necessary upgrades to the ESS linac in order to produce a neutrino beam, the near and far detector complexes, and the expected physics reach of the proposed ESSnuSB experiment, concluding with the near future developments aimed at the project realization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutrinos from Artificial Sources)
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15 pages, 14330 KiB  
Review
The Long Journey of ICARUS: From the LAr-TPC Concept to the First Full-Scale Detector
by Alessandro Menegolli
Universe 2023, 9(2), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9020074 - 30 Jan 2023
Viewed by 779
Abstract
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC) technology was conceived at the end of the 1970s as a way to combine the excellent spatial and calorimetric performance of the traditional bubble chambers with the electronic read-out of the TPCs, obtaining the so-called “electronic [...] Read more.
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC) technology was conceived at the end of the 1970s as a way to combine the excellent spatial and calorimetric performance of the traditional bubble chambers with the electronic read-out of the TPCs, obtaining the so-called “electronic bubble chambers”. This technology was intended to be applied in particular to neutrino physics as an alternative to Ring Water Cherenkov detectors. The main technological issues of such an innovative technique were investigated from the very beginning within the ICARUS program, with staged R&D starting from prototypes of increasing mass to arrive, at the end of 1990s, at the largest LAr-TPC detector ever built at that time: ICARUS-T600, with almost 500 tons of active LAr. The successful operations of the ICARUS-T600 LAr-TPC in its more than twenty years of life, from the first run at surface in Pavia (Italy) in 2001 to the LNGS (Italy) underground run being exposed to the CNGS beam from CERN to Gran Sasso (2010–2013) and finally to the ongoing run at Fermilab (USA) for sterile neutrino searches (2020–), have demonstrated the huge potential of the LAr-TPC technique, paving the way to future larger LAr-TPCs detectors as DUNE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutrinos from Artificial Sources)
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