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Special Issue "Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure"

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A special issue of Risks (ISSN 2227-9091).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 13063

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ivana Mamić Sačer

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: accounting; international accounting; governmental auditing; analysis of financial statements; accounting information system

Dr. Ivana Pavić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: international accounting, governmental auditing, analysis of financial statements

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

From its ancient roots, accounting has always been recognized as a very important source of information for business operations. Financial information prepared by accounting is of great importance to many different users. In times of globalisation, the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental protection, accounting is still a leading factor in the protection of investors, lenders, government, stakeholders and others, but also plays a role in the protection of the environment. Changes have been made to financial reporting and disclosure to help gain better-quality information.

This Special Issue, ‘’Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure’’, concerns the newest research in the field of accounting and financial reporting, dedicated to improving the quality of accounting information for its users.

Prof. Dr. Ivana Mamić Sačer
Dr. Ivana Pavić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Risks is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

accounting and sustainability reporting
accounting estimates and accounting policies
accounting for SMEs
accounting information system
analysis of financial statements
annual report
integrated reporting
international accounting
international financial reporting standards
national financial reporting standards

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

CEO Social Capital and the Value Relevance of Accounting Metrics

Michael S. Luehlfing

William R. McCumber

and

Huan Qiu

Risks 2023, 11(4), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11040078 - 18 Apr 2023

Viewed by 1249

Abstract

Equity investors value CEO social capital when pricing firm equity. When CEO social capital is high, the value relevance of the book value of equity declines, whereas the value relevance of earnings measures increases. Results are stronger for firms in high-tech industries where information asymmetries are higher. Social capital may be deconstructed into informational and reputational effects and we report that social capital is a meaningful determinant of value relevance in both scenarios. Results are robust to alternative variable definitions, controls and tests for endogeneity. The results strongly suggest that CEO social capital improves the information environment around firms, benefiting users of accounting metrics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

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Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Blockchain on the Quality of Accounting Information: An Iraqi Case Study

Bashaer Khudhair Abbas Alkafaji

Mahmoud Lari Dashtbayaz

and

Mahdi Salehi

Risks 2023, 11(3), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11030058 - 10 Mar 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3575

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the impact of blockchain on the quality of the information in listed and non-listed companies in Iraq; the temporal scope of this study is 2022. The statistical population of this research is divided into two parts: one part is related to the level of familiarity with blockchain technology of accountants, independent auditors, managers, etc., and the other part is related to the effect of blockchain technology on the quality of accounting information. The sample size is determined based on Cochran’s formula, among which 1528 respondents were selected as a sample size. The results of the hypothesis testing showed that in both listed and non-listed companies, familiarity with blockchain technology had increased the quality of information. In this way, blockchain technology has positively and significantly impacted the quality of accounting information. This means that the impact of IT (Blockchain) on the quality of accounting information is the same for Iraqi listed and non-listed companies. Since the current research has been investigated in an emerging market such as Iraq, it can bring helpful information to readers in this field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

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Open AccessArticle

Linking Financial Performance with CEO Statements: Testing Impression Management Theory

Lonwabo Mlawu

Frank Ranganai Matenda

and

Mabutho Sibanda

Risks 2023, 11(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11030055 - 08 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1142

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of financial performance on the tone used in the chief executive officer (CEO) statements of South Africa’s (SA) top 40 JSE-listed companies in the 2021 financial year. This study implements the quantile regression analysis and the generalized linear regression model. To perform this assessment, the integrated annual reports (IARs) containing the CEO and annual financial statements for the top 40 JSE-listed companies were extracted from their official websites. The tone level in CEO statements was determined using Azure Machine Learning (AML). This study’s findings reveal that financial performance has a positive impact on the tone of CEO statements of the top 40 JSE-listed companies, i.e., as financial performance improves, the positive tone in CEO statements also increases. Additionally, results revealed that moderately and extremely profitable companies use a more positive tone. It is recommended that users of financial statements should carefully scrutinize the tone used in CEO statements, to identify whether or not it is aimed at concealing poor performance or motivated by good performance. The study contributes to the limited tone-management literature in developing countries and in SA in particular. The computerized techniques offered by both the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and AML secures the validity and reliability of the content analysis, therefore, the study’s shortcomings do not compromise the generalizability of the results. The study’s sample truly represents all of the JSE’s listed companies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

Open AccessArticle

An Analysis of the Readability of the Chairman’s Statement in South Africa

Sinethemba Mankayi

Frank Ranganai Matenda

and

Mabutho Sibanda

Risks 2023, 11(3), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11030054 - 07 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1515

Abstract

Board members and the chairman of the board must provide shareholders and other stakeholders with annual reports that include the chairman’s statement. The statement provides an important message to stakeholders concerning financial performance, non-financial information and future outlook of the company. Stakeholders are concerned about the transparency and usefulness of the disclosed as this would have an impact on whether the chairman’s message is readable or not. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether messages from the chairman of the board are readable or not. A sample of 40 Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed companies, for the financial period ending 2021, was selected to meet the study objectives. The Gunning Fog Index (Fog index) was applied to assess the readability of the chairman’s statement. The study found that it was difficult to read the chairman’s statements for the selected corporations and South African companies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

Open AccessArticle

Risk Factor Disclosures in the US Airline Industry Following the COVID-19 Pandemic

Daniela Penela

and

Miguel Palma

Risks 2023, 11(2), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11020034 - 07 Feb 2023

Viewed by 1888

Abstract

This study examines how airlines in the United States report risk at a difficult and uncertain time as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fundamental differences between the years 2019 and 2020 are identified using Leximancer, which is used to locate the key ideas and themes addressed in the risk reporting sections. Following the pandemic, the themes that addressed generic and recurring hazards were afforded less weight than themes that highlighted risks particular to day-to-day business and the stock market. The findings also point to the need for corporations to disclose future-oriented risks more fully in post-COVID-19 reporting, with an emphasis on unpredictability, stock volatility, and operational disruption. This study adds to the body of knowledge on risk profiling, particularly as it relates to the airline business, and it offers stakeholders and investors a glimpse into the general concerns of airlines. The inherent information imbalance between management and investors is lessened and transparency is increased because of this improved understanding of the market. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

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Open AccessArticle

Effect of Family Control on Earnings Management: The Role of Leverage

and

Risks 2023, 11(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11020028 - 25 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1617

Abstract

This study aims to examine whether family control has a positive effect on earnings management of manufacturing companies and whether leverage weakens the positive effect of family control on earnings management. This study uses panel data for the 2015–2019 observation year. The research population consists of companies listed on the Indonesian capital market. Sample selection was performed with a purposive sampling approach using certain criteria, namely: the company was not delisted during the observation period; the company has complete research data; and that the company is included in the criteria for family companies. The sample of the study consists of 84 companies with a total of 419 observations. We use panel data regression to prove our hypotheses. The findings of our research show that family control has a positive effect on earnings management and leverage weakens the positive effect of family control on earnings management. Additional tests confirm the main test. The implications of our research are expected to be input for determining regulations and policies related to restrictions on majority shareholders to protect minority shareholders. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

Open AccessArticle

Size-Threshold Effect in the Capital Structure–Firm Performance Nexus in the MENA Region: A Dynamic Panel Threshold Regression Model

Eman Fathi Attia

Hamsa hany Ezz Eldeen

and

Sameh said Daher

Risks 2023, 11(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11020023 - 17 Jan 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1217

Abstract

This paper investigates the nonlinear relationship between capital structure and firm performance in the MENA region using a sample of 499 listed firms over the 2007–2020 period, or 6986 firm-year observations. Specifically, we examine the size-threshold effect in the capital structure–firm performance nexus. To do so, this study applies a dynamic panel threshold regression model (DPTR). The findings show that there is a nonlinear relationship between debt and firm performance (Tobin’s Q, ROA, and ROE). Specifically, the threshold values of firm size for the three models are estimated at 9.126 (about $1 million), 15.48 (about $5 million), and 16.816 (about $20 million), respectively, between the low- and the high-sized regimes. In the lower regime, the firm’s value (Q) increases when debt increases; however, in the higher regime, this value decreases when debt increases. Furthermore, in the lower regime, the performances (ROA and ROE) of small firms decrease when debt increases; however, in the upper regime, when debt increases, the performances of large firms increase. The results are several robustness tests. These results support the predictions of signal, pecking order, and trade-off theories. Managers of large (small) MENA firms should increase (decrease) the use of debt to improve performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Financial Reporting, and Disclosure)

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