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Natural Products and Aging
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Natural Products and Aging

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 10177

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Guglielmina Froldi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: natural compounds; anti-senescence activities; new drugs; aging; diabetes mellitus; atherosclerosis; gender differences; advanced glycation end products; ROS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue “Natural Products and Aging” is focused on the role of natural compounds and medicinal plant extracts useful to preserving health. New research about agents that are potentially useful in the prevention and treatment of aging-related pathologies are of great interest. In fact, aging is associated with several illness, such as cardiovascular diseases and dementia. Several conserved mechanisms are implicated in aging. Some, such as nutrient-sensing pathways and mitochondria, maintain metabolic and energy homeostasis; others, such as DNA repair and autophagy, repair damage. Further, cellular and molecular inflammatory responses are also involved. A key mechanism of age-dependent pathologies is the accumulation of non-enzymatic glycosylation (or glycation) products of proteins and lipids, with the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These are triggered by endogenous processes related to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. According to these observations, the recognition of natural products, isolated compounds, or new synthetic compounds capable of reducing glycaemia and AGE formation represents a great challenge in medicine.

In conclusion, this Special Issue will cover all aspects concerning natural agents and their derivatives that affect aging, focusing on the biochemical, molecular, and clinic activities that these substances may exert, both in vitro and in vivo.

Prof. Dr. Guglielmina Froldi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aging
  • age-related diseases
  • natural compounds
  • medicinal plants
  • advanced glycation end products (AGEs)
  • glycation
  • pharmacological mechanisms
  • therapeutic agents

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1811 KiB  
Article
Glycation and Oxidative Stress Increase Autoantibodies in the Elderly
by Mohd W.A. Khan, Ahmed Al Otaibi, Subuhi Sherwani, Wahid A. Khan, Eida M. Alshammari, Salma A. Al-Zahrani, Mohd Saleem, Shahper N. Khan and Sultan Alouffi
Molecules 2020, 25(16), 3675; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163675 - 12 Aug 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3255
Abstract
Aging causes gradual changes in free radicals, antioxidants, and immune-imbalance in the elderly. This study aims to understand links among aging, gluco-oxidative stress, and autoantibodies in asymptomatic individuals. In vitro glycation of human serum albumin (Gly-HSA) induces appreciable biochemical changes. Significant inhibition of [...] Read more.
Aging causes gradual changes in free radicals, antioxidants, and immune-imbalance in the elderly. This study aims to understand links among aging, gluco-oxidative stress, and autoantibodies in asymptomatic individuals. In vitro glycation of human serum albumin (Gly-HSA) induces appreciable biochemical changes. Significant inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation was achieved using garlic extract (53.75%) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea (72.5%). Increased amounts of serum carbonyl content (2.42 ± 0.5) and pentosidine (0.0321 ± 0.0029) were detected in IV-S (S represent smokers) vs. IV group individuals. Direct binding ELISA results exhibited significantly high autoantibodies against Gly-HSA in group IV-S (0.55 ± 0.054; p < 0.001) and III-S (0.40 ± 0.044; p < 0.01) individuals as compared to the age matched subjects who were non-smokers (group IV and III). Moreover, high average percent inhibition (51.3 ± 4.1%) was obtained against Gly-HSA in IV-S group individuals. Apparent association constant was found to be high for serum immunoglobulin-G (IgG) from group IV-S (1.18 × 10−6 M) vs. serum IgG from IV group (3.32 × 10−7 M). Aging induced gluco-oxidative stress and AGEs formation may generate neo-epitopes on blood-proteins, contributing to production of autoantibodies in the elderly, especially smokers. Use of anti-glycation natural products may reduce age-related pathophysiological changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products and Aging)
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8 pages, 944 KiB  
Communication
Metabolism of the Flavonol Kaempferol in Kidney Cells Liberates the B-ring to Enter Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis
by Lucía Fernández-del-Río, Eric Soubeyrand, Gilles J. Basset and Catherine F. Clarke
Molecules 2020, 25(13), 2955; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132955 - 27 Jun 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2470
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and an important antioxidant present in all cellular membranes. CoQ deficiencies are frequent in aging and in age-related diseases, and current treatments are limited to CoQ supplementation. Strategies that rely [...] Read more.
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and an important antioxidant present in all cellular membranes. CoQ deficiencies are frequent in aging and in age-related diseases, and current treatments are limited to CoQ supplementation. Strategies that rely on CoQ supplementation suffer from poor uptake and trafficking of this very hydrophobic molecule. In a previous study, the dietary flavonol kaempferol was reported to serve as a CoQ ring precursor and to increase the CoQ content in kidney cells, but neither the part of the molecule entering CoQ biosynthesis nor the mechanism were described. In this study, kaempferol labeled specifically in the B-ring was isolated from Arabidopsis plants. Kidney cells treated with this compound incorporated the B-ring of kaempferol into newly synthesized CoQ, suggesting that the B-ring is metabolized via a mechanism described in plant cells. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables and possesses antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory therapeutic properties. A better understanding of the role of kaempferol as a CoQ ring precursor makes this bioactive compound a potential candidate for the design of interventions aiming to increase endogenous CoQ biosynthesis and may improve CoQ deficient phenotypes in aging and disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products and Aging)
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Review

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21 pages, 291 KiB  
Review
Curcumin Formulations and Trials: What’s New in Neurological Diseases
by Stella Gagliardi, Carlo Morasso, Polychronis Stivaktakis, Cecilia Pandini, Veronica Tinelli, Aristides Tsatsakis, Davide Prosperi, Miriam Hickey, Fabio Corsi and Cristina Cereda
Molecules 2020, 25(22), 5389; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225389 - 18 Nov 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3677
Abstract
Curcumin’s pharmacological properties and its possible benefits for neurological diseases and dementia have been much debated. In vitro experiments show that curcumin modulates several key physiological pathways of importance for neurology. However, in vivo studies have not always matched expectations. Thus, improved formulations [...] Read more.
Curcumin’s pharmacological properties and its possible benefits for neurological diseases and dementia have been much debated. In vitro experiments show that curcumin modulates several key physiological pathways of importance for neurology. However, in vivo studies have not always matched expectations. Thus, improved formulations of curcumin are emerging as powerful tools in overcoming the bioavailability and stability limitations of curcumin. New studies in animal models and recent double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials using some of these new formulations are finally beginning to show that curcumin could be used for the treatment of cognitive decline. Ultimately, this work could ease the burden caused by a group of diseases that are becoming a global emergency because of the unprecedented growth in the number of people aged 65 and over worldwide. In this review, we discuss curcumin’s main mechanisms of action and also data from in vivo experiments on the effects of curcumin on cognitive decline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products and Aging)
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