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Molecules
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Electrode Materials and Electrolytes in Supercapacitors
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Electrode Materials and Electrolytes in Supercapacitors

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2019) | Viewed by 11030

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Deepak P. Dubal

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Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: advanced functional materials and nanocomposites; energy storage devices; supercapacitors and batteries (Li/K and Al-batteries); hybrid capacitors; electrochemical flow cells
Prof. Dr. Yuping Wu

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Guest Editor
Cochair of IUPAC International Conference on Novel Materials and Their Synthesis (NMS)(www.nms-iupac.org) Dean, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Interests: material characterization; electrochemistry; energy storage; batteries; electrodes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Holze

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
Interests: electrochemistry; energy conversion and storage; corrosion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the 21st century, no one can even imagine a world without portable/wearable electronic devices including mobile phones, laptops, cameras, smartwatches, activity trackers and many more, which has greatly changed our lifestyles and brought us significant convenience. Nevertheless, the increased energy consumption of these smart electronics requires improved energy storage devices. Electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems such as supercapacitors (SCs) and batteries are the most successful players and have been widely investigated in both academia and industry.

Supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted significant interest over the past several decades owing to their superior energy density (compared with conventional capacitors), good power density (compared with batteries), rapid charge/discharge rates and long lifecycle. However, we are still far from the optimal performance of supercapacitors, which can fulfil energy demands. Typically, the electrode materials and electrolytes define the performance of supercapacitors. In this context, significant efforts have been made to improve the electrochemical performance of SCs by designing new materials and developing new electrolytes.   

This Special Issue of Molecules, “Electrode Materials and Electrolytes in Supercapacitors”, is planned to attract a broad and interdisciplinary audience and cover recent advancements in:

  • Electrode materials (metal oxides/hydroxides/sulphides, conducting polymers, metal nitrides, etc.)
  • 2D electrode materials such as graphene, MXene, black phosphorous
  • Polyoxometalate-based supercapacitors
  • Hybrid materials e.g. carbon/metal oxide, carbon/conducting polymers and others
  • Electrolytes such as aqueous, organic, ionic-liquid and redox-active electrolytes
  • Polymer gel-electrolytes
  • Simulation and modelling for supercapacitors
  • Symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors
  • Integrated supercapacitors e.g. photo-supercapacitors and others

Dr. Deepak P. Dubal
Prof. Yuping Wu
Prof. Rudolf Holze
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanostructured functional materials
  • 2-dimentional materials
  • hybrid materials
  • symmetric/asymmetric supercapacitors
  • electrolytes including polymer gel-electrolytes
  • integrated supercapacitors

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4727 KiB  
Article
Great Enhancement of Carbon Energy Storage through Narrow Pores and Hydrogen-Containing Functional Groups for Aqueous Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor
by Chao Liu, Jian-Chun Wu, Haitao Zhou, Menghao Liu, Dong Zhang, Shilin Li, Hongquan Gao and Jianhong Yang
Molecules 2019, 24(14), 2589; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142589 - 16 Jul 2019
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 3461
Abstract
The proton transfer mechanism on the carbon cathode surface has been considered as an effective way to boost the electrochemical performance of Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) with both ionic liquid and organic electrolytes. However, cheaper, potentially safer, and more environmental friendly supercapacitor can [...] Read more.
The proton transfer mechanism on the carbon cathode surface has been considered as an effective way to boost the electrochemical performance of Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) with both ionic liquid and organic electrolytes. However, cheaper, potentially safer, and more environmental friendly supercapacitor can be achieved by using aqueous electrolyte. Herein, we introduce the proton transfer mechanism into a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor with the ZnSO4 aqueous electrolyte and functionalized activated carbon cathode materials (FACs). We reveal both experimentally and theoretically an enhanced performance by controlling the micropores structure and hydrogen-containing functional groups (–OH and –NH functions) of the activated carbon materials. The Zn-ion SCs with FACs exhibit a high capacitance of 435 F g−1 and good stability with 89% capacity retention over 10,000 cycles. Moreover, the proton transfer effect can be further enhanced by introducing extra hydrogen ions in the electrolyte with low pH value. The highest capacitance of 544 F g−1 is obtained at pH = 3. The proton transfer process tends to take place preferentially on the hydroxyl-groups based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The results would help to develop carbon materials for cheaper and safer Zn-ion hybrid SCs with higher energy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrode Materials and Electrolytes in Supercapacitors)
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Review

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18 pages, 3734 KiB  
Review
Review on Carbon/Polyaniline Hybrids: Design and Synthesis for Supercapacitor
by Xiaoning Wang, Dan Wu, Xinhui Song, Wei Du, Xiangjin Zhao and Dongmei Zhang
Molecules 2019, 24(12), 2263; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122263 - 18 Jun 2019
Cited by 99 | Viewed by 6956
Abstract
Polyaniline has been widely used in high-performance pseudocapacitors, due to its low cost, easy synthesis, and high theoretical specific capacitance. However, the poor mechanical properties of polyaniline restrict its further development. Compared with polyaniline, functionalized carbon materials have excellent physical and chemical properties, [...] Read more.
Polyaniline has been widely used in high-performance pseudocapacitors, due to its low cost, easy synthesis, and high theoretical specific capacitance. However, the poor mechanical properties of polyaniline restrict its further development. Compared with polyaniline, functionalized carbon materials have excellent physical and chemical properties, such as porous structures, excellent specific surface area, good conductivity, and accessibility to active sites. However, it should not be neglected that the specific capacity of carbon materials is usually unsatisfactory. There is an effective strategy to combine carbon materials with polyaniline by a hybridization approach to achieve a positive synergistic effect. After that, the energy storage performance of carbon/polyaniline hybridization material has been significantly improved, making it a promising and important electrode material for supercapacitors. To date, significant progress has been made in the synthesis of various carbon/polyaniline binary composite electrode materials. In this review, the corresponding properties and applications of polyaniline and carbon hybrid materials in the energy storage field are briefly reviewed. According to the classification of different types of functionalized carbon materials, this article focuses on the recent progress in carbon/polyaniline hybrid materials, and further analyzes their corresponding properties to provide guidance for the design, synthesis, and component optimization for high-performance supercapacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrode Materials and Electrolytes in Supercapacitors)
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