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Strategies of Molecular Targeting in Research of Neglected Tropical Diseases with Chemical Compounds or Agents

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 1019

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Medical Research Centre, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, Germany
Interests: posttranslational modifications; drug discovery for neglected tropical diseases; cAMP-regulated pathways in apicomplexan parasites and kinetoplastids
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The eradication of neglected tropical diseases is a major problem, since their life cycle is complex and they can remain latent within the human host. The discovery of novel drugs is scarce since the pharmaceutical industry focuses on the treatment of chronic diseases.

A pharmacological intervention against the increasing drug resistance of these parasites can only be achieved by a combined action of a vaccine or agents of longevity and novel molecularly targeted research. Such molecular research on antiparasitic agents involves either small molecules or drugs that inhibit essential pathways for the survival of the parasite, or cytotoxic compounds which are delivered to the proliferating parasites. Finding alternative methods of molecular targeting through research will also be useful in improving immunity to prevent the spreading of infections.

Finding novel therapeutic indications for already approved drugs is one of the possible strategies in the search for novel medicines. A few antiparasitic drugs and/or their derivatives are proving to be useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, tuberculosis, or cancer.

In contrast, some anticancer drugs have the potential to eradicate parasites. This particular Special Issue focuses on chemical drugs or agents in parasite research that contribute to molecularly targeted therapies used to combat neglected tropical diseases.

Prof. Dr. Annette Kaiser
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecularly targeted research
  • small molecules, including the repurposing of registered drugs to interrupt essential signalling pathways in Plasmodium
  • pharmacological compounds to strengthen or inactivate human host immune responses which are critical for the progression of malaria
  • inhibitors blocking essential growth factors in Plasmodium

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 7887 KiB  
Article
Participation of Oxidative Stress in the Activity of Compounds Isolated from Eleutherine plicata Herb
by Antônio Rafael Quadros Gomes, Jorddy Neves Cruz, Ana Laura Gadelha Castro, Heliton Patrick Cordovil Brigido, Everton Luiz Pompeu Varela, Valdicley Vieira Vale, Liliane Almeida Carneiro, Gleison Gonçalves Ferreira, Sandro Percario and Maria Fâni Dolabela
Molecules 2023, 28(14), 5557; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145557 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 761
Abstract
From Eleutherine plicata, naphthoquinones, isoeleutherine, and eleutherol were isolated, and previous studies have reported the antioxidant activity of these metabolites. The present work evaluated the role of oxidative changes in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and treated with E. plicata extract, fraction, [...] Read more.
From Eleutherine plicata, naphthoquinones, isoeleutherine, and eleutherol were isolated, and previous studies have reported the antioxidant activity of these metabolites. The present work evaluated the role of oxidative changes in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and treated with E. plicata extract, fraction, and isolated compounds, as well as to verify possible oxidative changes induced by these treatments. E. plicata extracts were prepared from powder from the bulbs, which were submitted to maceration with ethanol, yielding the extract (EEEp), which was fractionated under reflux, and the dichloromethane fraction (FDMEp) was submitted for further fractionation, leading to the isolation of isoeleutherine, eleutherine, and eleutherol. The antimalarial activity was examined using the suppressive test, evaluating the following parameters of oxidative stress: trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and reduced glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, the molecular docking of naphthoquinones, eleutherol, eleutherine, and isoeleutherine interactions with antioxidant defense enzymes was investigated, which was favorable for the formation of the receptor–ligand complex, according to the re-rank score values. Eleutherine and isoeleutherine are the ones with the lowest binding energy for catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), showing themselves as possible targets of these molecules in the involvement of redox balance. Data from the present study showed that treatments with E. plicata stimulated an increase in antioxidant capacity and a reduction in oxidative stress in mice infected with P. berghei, with naphthoquinones being responsible for reducing oxidative changes and disease severity. Full article
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