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Molecules
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Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives
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Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 27160

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei-Lun Hung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Interests: food chemistry; foodomics; functional foods; analytical chemistry; metabolomics
Dr. Chia-Cheng Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10025, Taiwan
Interests: functional foods; food toxicology; environmental microbiology; environmental sciences and engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It has been recognized that diets not only contain essential nutrients, but are also rich in small quantities of food bioactives which may have a role in preventing chronic diseases. Food bioactives are present in both plant-derived and animal-derived foods, such as flavonoids, carotenoids and fish oils. Research has shown that the consumption of food bioactives is linked to lower risks of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The molecular mechanisms of these food bioactives responsible for the prevention of chronic diseases have also been discussed, particularly those related to anti-inflammation and antioxidation. Meanwhile, the bioaccessibility, bioavailability, metabolism and biotransformation of food bioactives may greatly affect their protective role in the prevention of chronic diseases. Additionally, the occurrence of food bioactives in foodstuffs must be taken into account when evaluating their absorption and biological activities. Therefore, several novel analytical tools have recently been developed for the identification and quantification of food bioactives both in foodstuffs and in vivo, such as targeted and untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics approaches.

Given the viewpoints and current research mentioned above, this Special Issue entitled “Determination, health benefits and metabolism of food bioactives” aims to provide an overview of this field related to the chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology of food bioactives, and to integrate the background with the fundamental principles and ongoing research in the field. More specifically, this Special Issue intends to focus on:

  1. Health-beneficial effects of food bioactives and/or their metabolites and their mechanisms of action.
  2. Use of targeted and/or untargeted analytical platforms towards understanding the bioactivities, absorption, metabolism and biotransformation of food bioactives, as well as their occurrence in foodstuffs.

The current knowledge highlighted in this Special Issue may provide important information for those entering this field and encourage new ideas for future studies. Therefore, both original research articles and systematic up-to-date reviews are welcomed for submission to this Special Issue.

Dr. Wei-Lun Hung
Dr. Chia-Cheng Wei
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food bioactives
  • health benefits
  • chronic diseases
  • omics approach
  • absorption
  • metabolism
  • analytical chemistry

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 5061 KiB  
Article
Screening of Rosemary Essential Oils with Different Phytochemicals for Antioxidant Capacity, Keratinocyte Cytotoxicity, and Anti-Proliferative Activity
by Yeqin Huang, Heran Xu, Mengting Ding, Jingyi Li, Di Wang, Hui Li, Meiyu Sun, Fei Xia, Hongtong Bai, Min Wang, Meiling Mo and Lei Shi
Molecules 2023, 28(2), 586; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020586 - 06 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1965
Abstract
Nowadays, the demand for rosemary essential oils (REOs) in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries is increasing, and the abundant germplasm resources of rosemary provide more possibilities for functional applications. The REOs from six cultivars were selected to evaluate and compare their bioactivities. [...] Read more.
Nowadays, the demand for rosemary essential oils (REOs) in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries is increasing, and the abundant germplasm resources of rosemary provide more possibilities for functional applications. The REOs from six cultivars were selected to evaluate and compare their bioactivities. REOs have good cellular antioxidant activity in scavenging reactive oxygen species, and the technology for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)-random forest multivariate model indicated that ‘Dutch Mill’ REO has the best antioxidant activity, which is closely related to its verbenone content. In addition, α-pinene-dominant REOs are more toxic to human keratinocytes, which is closely related to the content of α-pinene, as revealed by multivariate analyses. Moreover, anti-proliferative assays on six cancer cell lines showed that all REOs have a higher anti-proliferative ability against human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 and gastric epithelial cell line NCI-N87. Among them, ‘Miss Jessopp’s Upright’ and ‘Blue Lagoon’ REOs exhibit more prominent anti-proliferative activity. Our study provides a reference value for exploring the application potential of different REOs by evaluating their differences in chemical composition and bioactivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives)
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14 pages, 2088 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity of Sequentially Extracted Fractions from Pingguoli Pear Fermentation Broth and Identification of Bioactive Compounds
by Jing Dai, Yu Hu, Qi Si, Yifei Gu, Zhuqian Xiao, Qin Ge and Ruyi Sha
Molecules 2022, 27(18), 6077; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27186077 - 17 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1625
Abstract
Pear fruits have been reported to contain abundant bioactive compounds and exhibit antidiabetic activity. In this study, Pingguoli pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv.‘Pingguoli’) fermentation broth was sequentially extracted by five solvents with increasing polarity (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) to [...] Read more.
Pear fruits have been reported to contain abundant bioactive compounds and exhibit antidiabetic activity. In this study, Pingguoli pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv.‘Pingguoli’) fermentation broth was sequentially extracted by five solvents with increasing polarity (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) to evaluate its antioxidant and hypothermic activities, and then the main compounds of the fraction with the highest activity were assessed, which might be responsible for such activities. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity according to DPPH (IC50 = 0.238 mg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 0.293 mg/mL), and FRAP (IC50 = 0.193 mg/mL) assays. The in vitro hypoglycemic activity assay showed that EAF exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect, with IC50 values of 0.34 and 0.95 mg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The glucose consumption in HepG2 cells treated with EAF was significantly increased to 252%, compare with control group. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis implied that the main compounds, 3′-C-glucosylisoliquiritigenin, robustside D, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid may be potential candidates for the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of the EAF. This study suggested that EAF of Pingguoli pear fermentation broth could be utilized for development of potential functional food and antidiabetic agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives)
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Review

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41 pages, 3920 KiB  
Review
Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method
by Ashwani Kumar, Nirmal P, Mukul Kumar, Anina Jose, Vidisha Tomer, Emel Oz, Charalampos Proestos, Maomao Zeng, Tahra Elobeid, Sneha K and Fatih Oz
Molecules 2023, 28(2), 887; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020887 - 16 Jan 2023
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 11703
Abstract
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of [...] Read more.
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of phytochemicals. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals as a constituent (functional foods) and the concentrated form of phytochemicals (nutraceuticals) are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. The yield, purity, and structural stability of extracted phytochemicals depend on the matrix in which the phytochemical is present, the method of extraction, the solvent used, the temperature, and the time of extraction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives)
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21 pages, 1980 KiB  
Review
Neurotransmitters Regulation and Food Intake: The Role of Dietary Sources in Neurotransmission
by Amin Gasmi, Aniqa Nasreen, Alain Menzel, Asma Gasmi Benahmed, Lyudmila Pivina, Sàdaf Noor, Massimiliano Peana, Salvatore Chirumbolo and Geir Bjørklund
Molecules 2023, 28(1), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010210 - 26 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 11366
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are biologically active chemicals, which mediate the electrochemical transmission between neurons. NTs control numerous organic functions particularly crucial for life, including movement, emotional responses, and the physical ability to feel pleasure and pain. These molecules are synthesized from simple, very common [...] Read more.
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are biologically active chemicals, which mediate the electrochemical transmission between neurons. NTs control numerous organic functions particularly crucial for life, including movement, emotional responses, and the physical ability to feel pleasure and pain. These molecules are synthesized from simple, very common precursors. Many types of NTs have both excitatory and inhibitory effects. Neurotransmitters’ imbalance can cause many diseases and disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, depression, insomnia, increased anxiety, memory loss, etc. Natural food sources containing NTs and/or their precursors would be a potential option to help maintain the balance of NTs to prevent brain and psychiatric disorders. The level of NTs could be influenced, therefore, by targeting dietary habits and nutritional regimens. The progressive implementation of nutritional approaches in clinical practice has made it necessary to infer more about some of the nutritional NTs in neuropsychiatry. However, the importance of the intake of nutritional NTs requires further understanding, since there are no prior significant studies about their bioavailability, clinical significance, and effects on nerve cells. Interventional strategies supported by evidence should be encouraged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determination, Health Benefits and Metabolism of Food Bioactives)
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