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Surfactants at the Soft Interfacial Layer

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 June 2024 | Viewed by 836

Special Issue Editor

WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
Interests: chemical engineering; interface science; surfactant; emulsion, foaming, surface charge

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surfactants are a special class of reagents that are found in multiple-phase systems. Although the macro-influence of these molecules is well-reported in many processes, such as flotation, liquid/liquid solvent extraction, emulsification, de-emulsification and foaming, the fundamental properties at the interface remain unclear. The classical concept of surface excess reveals little information about the interfacial layer. Recent progress in the field has indirectly provided new research directions and insights. Advances in organic synthesis enable precise molecular structure control and thus provide a structure–properties relationship. On the other hand, molecular simulations provide detailed insights into the interactions/arrangement/bonding dynamics of the surfactant-laden interfacial layer. Advanced experimental techniques enable accurate measurements for surfactant-controlled processes, such as dynamic adsorption, drainage of the foaming, diffusiophoresis and spontaneous emulsification. This Special Issue highlights selected applications and discusses key opportunities that can help optimize surfactants’ application. We aim to focus on the selection of reviews and original research reporting on the interfacial phenomena. Additionally, research showing advanced technologies related to formulations of surfactants, solvents and ions is also a focus of this Special Issue. We also welcome authors who can contribute original research on surfactants' mechanisms of action at the interface.

Dr. Chi Phan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • surfactant
  • water surface
  • evaporation
  • emulsion
  • foaming

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 7229 KiB  
Article
Coagulation of Hydrophobic Ionic Associates of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Carrageenan
by Alexander Shyichuk, Dorota Ziółkowska and Joanna Szulc
Molecules 2023, 28(22), 7584; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227584 - 14 Nov 2023
Viewed by 589
Abstract
In aqueous solutions, cetyltrimethylammonium cations bind to carrageenan polyanions, and the resulting ionic associates form macroscopic aggregates due to hydrophobic interaction. At certain ratios of cetyltrimethylammonium to carrageenan, the resulting colloidal particles auto-flocculate. According to visual observations, the ratio ranges from 1 to [...] Read more.
In aqueous solutions, cetyltrimethylammonium cations bind to carrageenan polyanions, and the resulting ionic associates form macroscopic aggregates due to hydrophobic interaction. At certain ratios of cetyltrimethylammonium to carrageenan, the resulting colloidal particles auto-flocculate. According to visual observations, the ratio ranges from 1 to 3 mmol/g; otherwise the suspensions are stable. By measuring the sedimentation rate and particle size distribution, the most extensive flocculation was found to be from 1.7 to 2.3 mmol/g. The ratio corresponding to the fastest auto-flocculation was precisely determined by titrating the reagents with small increments and recording the turbidity. The turbidimetric titration plots contain distinct break points corresponding to the most extensive flocculation. These break points occur at the same ratio of carrageenan to cetyltrimethylammonium over a wide range of reagent concentrations. The precise values of the critical ratio were found to be 1.78 and 1.53 mmol/g, respectively, during the titration of cetyltrimethylammonium with carrageenan and vice versa. The number of anionic sulfate groups in carrageenan was measured by ICP OES and found to be 1.35 mmol/g. This value is consistent with the critical ratio of the auto-flocculation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surfactants at the Soft Interfacial Layer)
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