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Importance of Flow Chemistry: Active Pharmaceutical Production

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Organic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 1820

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
Interests: flow chemistry; organic synthesis; total synthesis; cycloadditions; heterocyclics; carbohydrates; medicinal chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Sciences, GITAM University, Bangaluru Campus, Bengaluru 561203, India
Interests: synthetic organic chemistry; synthetic medicinal chemistry; synthetic methodology; multi-component reactions; heterogeneous catalysis; green chemistry

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
Interests: physical organic chemistry; computational chemistry; cycloadditions; photocatalysis; electrocatalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flow chemistry (FC) is one of the rapidly growing fields in modern research. Owing to its advantages over conventional batch techniques, such as faster heat and mass transfer, accurate control over a reaction’s temperature, and a laminar flow profile, the importance if FC has been studied extensively. FC is carried out in continuous-flow reactors which comprise tubes with micro/millimeter-range diameters. These tubes offer a higher order of surface-to-volume ratio when compared to conventional batch reactors. Further, flow techniques do not demand large quantities of reagents and solvents or harsh reaction conditions, in contrast to batch techniques. In addition, flow techniques offer an unprecedented way to observe the reaction progress by tuning parameters like flow rate, temperature, pressure etc. These features are very useful to obtain large yields in highly selective reactions. The development of FC leads to the advancement of green chemistry, as it emphasizes the prevention of waste formation rather than handling or eliminating it. Features such as pressure regulation and control over residence time further broaden the versatility of flow techniques. FC techniques also warrant the safe handling of gaseous and dangerous chemicals, which found widespread applications of FC for multistep reactions in industrial drug synthesis.

In recent years, novel methodologies have been developed in continuous flow chemistry. Some of these techniques include gas-permeable tubing, multi-jet oscillating disk reactors, electrochemical microreactors, coupling of ultrasound generators with microreactors etc. These new methodologies/techniques open new avenues in the field of FC to overcome the limitations of batch techniques and explore more synthetic chemistry using flow techniques.

The current Special Issue addresses the rapid advances in flow chemistry and continuous-flow techniques to improve the public understanding and create a one-place knowledge bank of flow chemistry. The diverse state-of-the-art of flow methodologies in chemistry and the scope for their future developments are the main agenda of this Special Issue.

We welcome original research, review, mini review and perspective articles on themes including, but not limited to, synthesis through homogeneous or heterogeneous flow chemistry; chemoenzymatic approaches; photochemistry or electrochemistry flow, micro- and mesoreactors; photochemical reactions under continuous-flow conditions; catalytic and enzymatic transformations; and the development of in-flow reactions in alternative solvents (ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents. Special attention will be given to the synthesis of chiral molecules, building blocks, or intermediates for the preparation of industrial products, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and biologically active compounds.

Dr. Lalitha Gummidi
Dr. Nagaraju Kerru
Dr. Venkata Surya Kumar Choutipalli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flow reactors
  • catalytic reactors
  • enzymatic reactions
  • deep eutectic solvents
  • photochemistry
  • microreactors
  • asymmetric synthesis
  • synergistic catalysis
  • organocatalysis
  • photocatalysis
  • synthesis of heterocycles

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3436 KiB  
Article
An Automated Continuous Synthesis and Isolation for the Scalable Production of Aryl Sulfonyl Chlorides
by Matthew Glace, Cameron Armstrong, Nathan Puryear, Colin Bailey, Roudabeh Sadat Moazeni-Pourasil, Drew Scott, Sherif Abdelwahed and Thomas. D. Roper
Molecules 2023, 28(10), 4213; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104213 - 20 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1570
Abstract
In this work, a continuous system to produce multi-hundred-gram quantities of aryl sulfonyl chlorides is described. The scheme employs multiple continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) and a continuous filtration system and incorporates an automated process control scheme. The experimental process outlined is intended to [...] Read more.
In this work, a continuous system to produce multi-hundred-gram quantities of aryl sulfonyl chlorides is described. The scheme employs multiple continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) and a continuous filtration system and incorporates an automated process control scheme. The experimental process outlined is intended to safely produce the desired sulfonyl chloride at laboratory scale. Suitable reaction conditions were first determined using a batch-chemistry design of experiments (DOE) and several isolation methods. The hazards and incompatibilities of the heated chlorosulfonic acid reaction mixture were addressed by careful equipment selection, process monitoring, and automation. The approximations of the CSTR fill levels and pumping performance were measured by real-time data from gravimetric balances, ultimately leading to the incorporation of feedback controllers. The introduction of process automation demonstrated in this work resulted in significant improvements in process setpoint consistency, reliability, and spacetime yield, as demonstrated in medium- and large-scale continuous manufacturing runs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Importance of Flow Chemistry: Active Pharmaceutical Production)
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