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Inorganics
Special Issues
Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis
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Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis

A special issue of Inorganics (ISSN 2304-6740). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 8067

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tzia Ming Onn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55422, USA
Interests: metal oxides; heterogeneous catalysis; dynamic catalysis; thin films; nanotechnology; atomic layer deposition; graphene
Prof. Dr. Raymond J. Gorte

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; atomic layer deposition; metal-support effects; solid oxide fuel cells

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advancements in nanotechnology over the past decade have resulted in metal oxides, an important class of inorganic materials that can be applied to tackling global and sustainability-related problems. Rational designs of active and cost-efficient hierarchical-structured composites have cemented metal oxide’s importance in broad applications, such as electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, fuel cells, energy storage, thermal catalysis, and more. For this Special Issue, we are inviting papers covering the experimental and theoretical pursuit of novel catalytic materials’ design and synthesis as well as articles detailing their advanced characterizations and applications. Contributions considering the promotion of catalytic activity or selectivity through surface functionalization, enhanced metal–support interactions, etc., are also welcome. Metal oxides based on earth-abundant metal oxides, solid-solution-mixed oxides, perovskites, aluminosilicates, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), among others, which function as catalysts, promoters, or bifunctional materials, are of particular interest. With the goal of expanding the current knowledge base of these systems, we are inviting the submission of original research, review articles, perspectives, etc., to this Special Issue, “Recent Advancements of Metal Oxides in Catalysis”.

Dr. Tzia Ming Onn
Prof. Dr. Raymond J. Gorte
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Inorganics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal oxide
  • heterogeneous catalysis
  • metal–oxide interaction
  • catalyst design
  • catalyst characterization
  • selectivity
  • rates and kinetics
  • green chemistry
  • thermal catalysis
  • electrocatalysis
  • photocatalysis
  • energy storage
  • fuel cells

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2623 KiB  
Article
Calcium-Based Sorbent Carbonation at Low Temperature via Reactive Milling under CO2
by Seyed Morteza Taghavi Kouzehkanan, Ehsan Hassani, Farshad Feyzbar-Khalkhali-Nejad and Tae-Sik Oh
Inorganics 2023, 11(5), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11050200 - 03 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1430
Abstract
The carbonation behavior of calcium-containing sorbents, CaO and Ca(OH)2, was investigated under pressurized CO2 at nominal room temperature. The carbonation reaction was mechanically driven via reactive ball milling. The carbonation rate was determined by monitoring the CO2 pressure inside [...] Read more.
The carbonation behavior of calcium-containing sorbents, CaO and Ca(OH)2, was investigated under pressurized CO2 at nominal room temperature. The carbonation reaction was mechanically driven via reactive ball milling. The carbonation rate was determined by monitoring the CO2 pressure inside the sealed milling jar. Two different versions of CaO were fabricated as starting materials. The addition of citric acid in CaO synthesis resulted in a significant increase in sorbent surface area, bringing up the conversion of CO2 from 18% to 41% after 3 h of reactive milling. The hydroxide formation from these two oxides closed the surface area gap. Nevertheless, we found that hydroxides had a higher initial carbonation rate and greater final CO2 uptake than their oxide counterparts. However, the formation of byproduct water limited the further carbonation of Ca(OH)2. When we added a controlled amount of water to the CaO-containing milling jar, the highest carbonation rate and most extensive CO2 uptake were attained due to the in situ formation of reactive Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles. We saw CaCO3 X-ray diffraction peaks only when Ca(OH)2 was involved in this low-temperature carbonation, indicating that the grain growth of CaCO3 is easier on the Ca(OH)2 surface than on the CaO surface. We used the Friedman isoconversional method to calculate the effective activation energy of decarbonation for the high surface area CaO sorbent milled with water. The average effective activation energy was found to be about 72 kJ mol−1, and its magnitude started to decrease significantly from 50% sorbent regeneration. The drastic change of the effective activation energy during decarbonation suggests that CaCO3, formed at nominal room temperature by reactive milling under pressurized CO2, should undergo a more drastic morphology change than the typical thermally carbonated CaCO3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis)
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13 pages, 12547 KiB  
Article
Operando CO Infrared Spectroscopy and On-Line Mass Spectrometry for Studying the Active Phase of IrO2 in the Catalytic CO Oxidation Reaction
by Phillip Timmer, Tim Weber, Lorena Glatthaar and Herbert Over
Inorganics 2023, 11(3), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11030102 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1349
Abstract
We combine operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with on-line mass spectrometry (MS) to study the correlation between the oxidation state of titania-supported IrO2 catalysts (IrO2@TiO2) and their catalytic activity in the prototypical CO oxidation reaction. [...] Read more.
We combine operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with on-line mass spectrometry (MS) to study the correlation between the oxidation state of titania-supported IrO2 catalysts (IrO2@TiO2) and their catalytic activity in the prototypical CO oxidation reaction. Here, the stretching vibration of adsorbed COad serves as the probe. DRIFTS provides information on both surface and gas phase species. Partially reduced IrO2 is shown to be significantly more active than its fully oxidized counterpart, with onset and full conversion temperatures being about 50 °C lower for reduced IrO2. By operando DRIFTS, this increase in activity is traced to a partially reduced state of the catalysts, as evidenced by a broad IR band of adsorbed CO reaching from 2080 to 1800 cm−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis)
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14 pages, 2571 KiB  
Article
Study of the Kinetics of Reduction of IrO2 on TiO2 (Anatase) by Temperature-Programmed Reduction
by Shahad Batubara, Mogbel Alrushaid, Muhammad Amtiaz Nadeem and Hicham Idriss
Inorganics 2023, 11(2), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11020066 - 31 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1690
Abstract
The interaction between IrO2 and TiO2 (anatase) in non-isothermal reduction conditions has been studied by the temperature programmed reduction technique. IrO2 clusters are of sizes between 0.5 and 0.9 nm as determined from High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Largely, [...] Read more.
The interaction between IrO2 and TiO2 (anatase) in non-isothermal reduction conditions has been studied by the temperature programmed reduction technique. IrO2 clusters are of sizes between 0.5 and 0.9 nm as determined from High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Largely, two main regions for reduction were found and modeled at ca. 100 and 230 °C. The first region is attributed to the partial reduction of IrO2 clusters, while the second one is due to reduction of the formed crystalline (rutile IrO2), during TPR, to Ir metal. Two methods for calculating kinetic parameters were tested. First, by applying different ramping rates on a 3.5 wt.% IrO2/TiO2 using Kissinger’s method. The apparent activation energy values for the first and second reduction regions were found to be ca. 35 and 100 kJ/mol, respectively. The second method was based on fitting different kinetic models for the experimental results in order to extract qualitative information on the nature of interaction during the reduction process. It was found that the first reduction is largely due to the amount of IrO2 (reactant concentration) while the second one involved phase boundary effect as well as nucleation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis)
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11 pages, 3896 KiB  
Article
Preparation of SBA-15-Supported Metals by Vapor-Phase Infiltration
by Ching-Yu Wang, Kai Shen, Raymond J. Gorte and John M. Vohs
Inorganics 2022, 10(11), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10110215 - 19 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1413
Abstract
A simple method is presented for incorporating various catalytic metals into the pores of SBA-15 using vapor-phase infiltration. The precursors used in Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) for Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Ni were exposed to an evacuated SBA-15, resulting in monolayer films [...] Read more.
A simple method is presented for incorporating various catalytic metals into the pores of SBA-15 using vapor-phase infiltration. The precursors used in Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) for Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Ni were exposed to an evacuated SBA-15, resulting in monolayer films of the adsorbed precursors inside the mesopores. The metal particles that formed after removal of the precursor ligands remained in the pores and had particle sizes ranging from 3.8 nm for Pt to 5.2 nm for Ni, as determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), XRD, and CO chemisorption. Metal loadings for saturation exposures ranged from 5.1-wt% for Ni to 9.1-wt% for Pt; however, uniform deposition was demonstrated for lower loadings of Pd by decreasing the amount of precursor. To determine the effect of the surface composition of the mesopores, Pd particles were also added to SBA-15 that was coated with a 0.2-nm film of ZrO2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis)
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16 pages, 9262 KiB  
Article
Understanding the Catalytic Deactivation upon Hydrothermal Aging at 850 °C of WO3/Fe-Cu-ZSM-5 Catalyst for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH3
by Houda Jouini, Alessandra de Marcos-Galán, Imène Mejri, Rahma Bensouilah, Mourad Mhamdi, Teresa Blasco and Gérard Delahay
Inorganics 2022, 10(11), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10110180 - 25 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1160
Abstract
A WO3/Fe-Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst was prepared using the solid state ion exchange method (SSIE) and its performance for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR of NO) was investigated. The study shows that the tungsten addition can [...] Read more.
A WO3/Fe-Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst was prepared using the solid state ion exchange method (SSIE) and its performance for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR of NO) was investigated. The study shows that the tungsten addition can slightly improve the high temperature catalytic activity of Fe-Cu-ZSM-5. The influence of hydrothermal aging at 850 °C for 5 h on the structural and textural properties of WO3/Fe-Cu-ZSM-5 was also studied in this paper. The XRD and FE-SEM measurements did not indicate a breakdown of the zeolite structure upon steam treatment for both aged catalysts. The aged W-base catalyst demonstrates a lower deactivation and better catalytic activity for NO reduction than the bimetallic catalyst after hydrothermal aging despite the lower acidic properties as shown by FTIR-Pyr spectroscopy owing to the presence of tungsten oxide crystallites. The “severe” stage of aging occurring in the absence of W led to the formation of copper oxide agglomerates detected using STEM and H2-TPR techniques being responsible for the deterioration of SCR activity of the aged Fe-Cu-ZSM-5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements of Metal Oxide in Catalysis)
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