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Fishes
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Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish
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Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Feeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2022) | Viewed by 15194

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shan He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Wuhan, China
Interests: fish feeds; food intake; metabolism regulation; amino acids; glucose
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Songlin Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Interests: aquaculture nutrition; fish physiology; metabolic regulation; intestinal microbiota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The appropriate choice and intake of food and nutrients have a great beneficial impact on the health, growth, reproduction, and lifespan of fish. Different species of fish have different feeding habits, and also require precision nutritional levels in the different physiological phases. Feeding is a complex behavior regulated by neural and nutritional signals. This Special Issue is to provide an updated vision on the new feed additives and precision feed formula, the new regulatory mechanism of food intake, metabolism and physiology in fish. We welcome the submission of original research, reviews, mini-reviews, and perspective articles on topics including but not limited to the following:

  • New feed additives which could play roles in feeding and nutrition;
  • Precision nutritional requirements, fish physiology and formula of fish;
  • New signaling pathways or new regulatory patterns of food intake and metabolism, such as transcriptional regulation and epigenetic modification.

Dr. Shan He
Dr. Songlin Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • feed additives
  • precision feed formula
  • regulatory mechanism
  • food intake
  • fish physiology
  • nutrient requirement
  • nutrition and metabolism

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1067 KiB  
Article
Effect of Dietary Compound Acidifiers Supplementation on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Body Composition of Juvenile American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)
by Mingliang Zhang, Xinyi Wu and Shaowei Zhai
Fishes 2022, 7(4), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040203 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2019
Abstract
As growth-promoting feed additives, compound acidifiers (CAs) have been widely reported in many farmed fish species, whereas there is little information on the application of CAs in the eel diet. The present trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation effects of CAs on [...] Read more.
As growth-promoting feed additives, compound acidifiers (CAs) have been widely reported in many farmed fish species, whereas there is little information on the application of CAs in the eel diet. The present trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation effects of CAs on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and body composition of the juvenile American eel (Anguilla rostrata). The CAs supplementation levels in the diet of American eel were 0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 g/kg, respectively. The trial lasted for 12 weeks. The most beneficial effects of CAs on promoting growth performance, decreasing levels of serum lipid, modifying parameters of the liver function and immune function in the serum, and increasing the utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the diet were observed in the fish fed with 4.0 g/kg CAs. Dietary CAs supplementation had no significant effects on the body composition of whole fish, whereas 5.0 g/kg of dietary CAs supplementation exerted negative effects on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and utilization of calcium and phosphorus. The recommended level of CAs in the diet was 3.5–3.7 g/kg to achieve the optimal weight gain and feed conversion ratio for the juvenile American eel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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14 pages, 657 KiB  
Article
Comparative Evaluations to Enhance Chemical and Microbial Quality of Salted Grey Mullet Fish
by Ayman M. Khalifah, Ahmed N. Badr, Manal F. El-Khadragy, Mohammed G. Shehata, Sara A. Abdalla, Hany M. Yehia and Hatem S. Ali
Fishes 2022, 7(4), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040175 - 19 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1878
Abstract
Salted fish preparations are popular and widely eaten across the world. Salting is a preservation strategy to enhance shelf life by decreasing water activity in fish muscles. Salted fish demand increases with less regard for preservation characteristics, and novel strategies are required for [...] Read more.
Salted fish preparations are popular and widely eaten across the world. Salting is a preservation strategy to enhance shelf life by decreasing water activity in fish muscles. Salted fish demand increases with less regard for preservation characteristics, and novel strategies are required for healthy production. Lysozyme, EDTA, their mixture, and black cumin oil nanoemulsion (BCN) were used for dipping treatments to make preservative films before salting. A medium-sized mullet were classified into six groups: fresh, commercial salted mullet, and four treatments. Stored salted mullet groups were evaluated for chemical composition changes, lipid profile changes, nitrogen profile changes, and microbial contamination. The results were reflected by nonsignificant changes in protein content (21.08 ± 1.05%) of the BCN compared to the fresh (22.41 ± 1.41%), with the lowest salt penetration to the flesh (11.11 ± 0.74%). The lowest value recorded was the BCN for the pH (5.53 ± 0.06) and water activity (0.447 ± 0.019). The changes in lipid profile compared to the fresh were very low, which does not happen in a commercial salted sample. The changes in total volatile and non-protein nitrogen represented very low for the BCN compared to the commercial salted one. Coliform, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Clostridium were not detected in the BCN salted mullet. The overall acceptability for the BCN mullet was the best in the test panel list evaluation, followed by the mixture treatment. This research indicated that the BCN treatment before mullet fish salting was optimal, with greater food safety properties and no consumer acceptance alterations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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10 pages, 471 KiB  
Article
The Hot-Water Extract of Sargassum sp. as a Feed Ingredient for Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus Linnaeus, 1766) Reared in Songkhla Lake: Effects on Growth, Feed Efficiency, Hematological Data and Body Composition
by Monsuang Yangthong, Jirayuth Ruensirikul and Gen Kaneko
Fishes 2022, 7(4), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040170 - 15 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1990
Abstract
The growth performance of Scatophagus argus (25.53 ± 0.89 g) reared in Songkhla Lake, a brackish lagoon, was evaluated after feeding isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing hot-water extract from a seaweed, Sargassum sp., at 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 or 1 g·kg−1. [...] Read more.
The growth performance of Scatophagus argus (25.53 ± 0.89 g) reared in Songkhla Lake, a brackish lagoon, was evaluated after feeding isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing hot-water extract from a seaweed, Sargassum sp., at 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 or 1 g·kg−1. Triplicate groups of fish were reared in 15 net cages (50 × 50 × 60 cm) at a density of 20 fish per cage, and the diets were fed twice a day at a rate of 5% of fish body weight per day for 8 weeks. The final body weight, weight gain (WG), average daily gain, and feed intake (FI) showed significant positive and quadratic responses to the Sargassum extract level. The highest WG (57.97%) and FI (0.34) were recorded in the fish that received the hot-water extract at 0.25–0.5 g·kg−1 of diet. The protein efficiency ratio showed significant positive linear and quadratic responses to the Sargassum extract level, while the hepatosomatic index showed a significant positive linear response to the Sargassum extract level. The body protein and ash contents showed positive, linear and quadratic responses to the Sargassum extract level, and the highest crude protein (49%) was observed in the 0.5 g·kg−1 diet group. There were no significant effects of the Sargassum extract levels on feed conversion ratio, food conversion efficiency, lipid and moisture contents, survival rate, hematocrit, and white or red blood cell counts. However, hematological data between fish in the control group and the Sargassum extract groups tended to be different. Overall, the optimum level of seaweed-extract supplementation for spotted scat under natural conditions was determined to be approximately 0.5 g·kg−1 diet. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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12 pages, 1697 KiB  
Article
Inclusion of Mannan-Oligosaccharides in Diets for Tropical Gar Atractosteus tropicus Larvae: Effects on Growth, Digestive Enzymes, and Expression of Intestinal Barrier Genes
by Claudia I. Maytorena-Verdugo, Emyr S. Peña-Marín, Carina S. Alvarez-Villagómez, Graciela M. Pérez-Jiménez, César A. Sepúlveda-Quiroz and Carlos A. Alvarez-González
Fishes 2022, 7(3), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030127 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1951
Abstract
Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates, and their use in aquaculture as prebiotics is well documented. The objective of this work was to test whether MOS supplemented in the diet of A. tropicus larvae (2, 4, and 6 g kg−1) influence [...] Read more.
Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates, and their use in aquaculture as prebiotics is well documented. The objective of this work was to test whether MOS supplemented in the diet of A. tropicus larvae (2, 4, and 6 g kg−1) influence growth parameters, the activity of digestive enzymes, and the expression of genes related to the intestinal barrier. The highest total length was observed in larvae fed 6 g kg−1 MOS compared to control larvae. Trypsin activity increased with the addition of MOS to the diets, but leucine aminopeptidase activity only increased with 6 g kg−1 MOS. Lipase and α-amylase activities increased in larvae fed with 2 and 4 g kg−1 MOS. The expression of zo-2 was higher with the 6 g kg−1 MOS treatment. The cl-3 transcripts were lower with 2 g kg−1 MOS but higher with 6 g kg−1 MOS. All tested concentrations of MOS increased the expression of muc-2. In this study, incorporating mannan-oligosaccharides into the diet of A. tropicus larvae had a positive effect, and the concentration of 6 g kg−1 produced the best results. Therefore, including this prebiotic in the diets for the culture of A. tropicus larvae is suitable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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15 pages, 1357 KiB  
Article
Functional Characterization and Molecular Marker Development of the Proenkephalin as Biomarker of Food Addiction in Food Habit Domestication of Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi)
by Yingcen Li, Yunliang Miao, Xufang Liang and Shan He
Fishes 2022, 7(3), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030118 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2039
Abstract
Proenkephalin (PENK), as the precursor of endogenous opioid enkephalin (ENK), is widely present in the nervous system and plays an important role in animal food addiction and rewarding behavior. In our study, we intend to study the functional characterization and molecular marker development [...] Read more.
Proenkephalin (PENK), as the precursor of endogenous opioid enkephalin (ENK), is widely present in the nervous system and plays an important role in animal food addiction and rewarding behavior. In our study, we intend to study the functional characterization and molecular marker development of the penk gene related to food habit domestication of mandarin fish. We found that the penk gene of mandarin fish had three types of endogenous opioid peptide sequences. Compared with other tissues, penk mRNA was highly expressed in the whole brain. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of lysine or methionine significantly increased the expression of penk mRNA. The expression of penk mRNA in the brain of mandarin fish that could be easily domesticated from eating live prey fish to artificial diets was significantly higher than those that could not. After feeding with high-carbohydrate artificial diets, the expression of penk mRNA showed no significant difference between mandarin fish with hypophagia and those that still ate normally. A total of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci related to easy domestication toward eating artificial diets were screened from the mandarin fish population. Additionally, the TT genotype at one of the loci was significantly correlated with the food habit domestication of mandarin fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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16 pages, 4729 KiB  
Article
Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of Yangtze Sturgeon, Acipenser dabryanus: Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Response to Fasting and Refeeding
by Qingchao Shi, Xiaoqin Xiong, Zhengyong Wen, Chuanjie Qin, Rui Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Quan Gong and Xiaoyun Wu
Fishes 2022, 7(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010035 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3892
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase and catalase are two major antioxidant enzymes in the fish antioxidant defense system, which can remove excess reactive oxygen species and protect fish from stress-induced oxidative damage. The present study aimed to clone the sequences of Yangtze sturgeon, Acipenser dabryanus, [...] Read more.
Superoxide dismutase and catalase are two major antioxidant enzymes in the fish antioxidant defense system, which can remove excess reactive oxygen species and protect fish from stress-induced oxidative damage. The present study aimed to clone the sequences of Yangtze sturgeon, Acipenser dabryanus, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (AdCu/Zn-SOD) and catalase (AdCAT), and to explore changes of gene expression in the liver and intestine during fasting and refeeding. A total of 120 fish were exposed to four fasting and refeeding protocols (fasting for 0, 3, 7, or 14 d and then refeeding for 14 d). The coding sequences of AdCu/Zn-SOD and AdCAT encoded 155 and 526 amino acid proteins, respectively, both of which were expressed mainly in the liver. During fasting, when compared to the control group, liver AdCu/Zn-SOD expression was significantly higher in the 3- and 14-d groups, whereas its intestinal expression increased significantly only in the 7-d group. Liver AdCAT expression increased significantly in the 3-, 7-, and 14-d groups. During refeeding, liver AdCu/Zn-SOD expression increased significantly in the 3-, 7-, and 14-d groups compared with those in the control group. Similarly, intestinal AdCu/Zn-SOD expression increased significantly in the 3- and 7-d groups. Moreover, intestinal AdCAT expression was significantly higher in the 3-d group than in the control group, but decreased significantly in the 14-d group. Our findings indicated that AdCu/Zn-SOD and AdCAT play important roles in protecting fish against starvation-induced oxidative stress. Yangtze sturgeon exhibited the potential to adapt to a starvation and refeeding regime. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutrition and Feeding of Fish)
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