Land Based Aquaculture-Environment Interaction: Climate Change and Aquatic Pollution

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Environment and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2023) | Viewed by 4640

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture is inextricably linked to the environment. Cultivated aquatic organisms interact with their environment, and this interaction may be critical for successful aquaculture depending on the cultivation method and species. Another significant issue in this industry is aquatic pollution. Aquatic pollution can both directly and indirectly create unfavorable environmental conditions for cultivated aquatic organisms’ development, growth, and reproduction.

Land-based aquaculture cultivates a variety of aquatic organisms in inland waters, ponds, net cages, and so on, or intensively in recirculating aquaculture systems.

For the production of fry, even mariculture systems rely on land-based hatcheries.

Aquaculture production today is destined for local, national, and international markets. As a result, land-based aquaculture activities contribute to the sector’s overall growth and value. Inland aquaculture, particularly in Asia, has increased global production and food security, with China accounting for more than half of global freshwater fish production.

This Special Issue aims to present global and regional issues as well as future prospects for inland water aquaculture development. In this regard, life-cycle assessment (LCA) can be a useful tool. Water quality, fish welfare, the effect of climate change, the impact of global warming, and fish welfare are also relevant to this Special Issue. Papers that investigate aquaculture environment interactions of polyculture in freshwater and brackish-water cultivation systems are also encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Cosmas I. Nathanailides
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • fish farms
  • fish hatcheries
  • aquaculture LCA

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2577 KiB  
Article
Climate Change May Impact Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Distribution in the Southeastern Arabian Peninsula through Range Contraction under Various Climate Scenarios
by Hamid Reza Esmaeili and Zohreh Eslami Barzoki
Fishes 2023, 8(10), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100481 - 27 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Climate change is expected to affect freshwater water bodies worldwide, especially those located in semiarid and arid regions, including the Arabian Peninsula. Species distribution modeling has been widely used to predict the effects of climate changes on aquatic species. Occurrence records of the [...] Read more.
Climate change is expected to affect freshwater water bodies worldwide, especially those located in semiarid and arid regions, including the Arabian Peninsula. Species distribution modeling has been widely used to predict the effects of climate changes on aquatic species. Occurrence records of the cichlid fish Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, were geographically mapped, followed by the implementation of species distribution models to delineate its range within the sensitive inland water system of the southeastern Arabian Peninsula. The analysis encompassed the examination of species presence data in the context of environmental variables, leading to the development of an ensemble model for habitat suitability, combining four distinct species distribution models. The findings indicated that the mean diurnal range and precipitation seasonality emerged as the most influential factors in predicting the suitability of habitats for O. niloticus. The response curve analysis indicated that the presence probability of O. niloticus decreased with increasing mean diurnal range and decreasing precipitation seasonality. The suitable distribution ranges for O. niloticus in the studied area were mainly distributed in the northeast of this region, where native/endemic fish diversity is high. The ensemble model results specified a significant impact of climate change on O. niloticus distribution, so highly suitable areas for this species will be reduced, while areas with low to moderate suitability increase slightly or remain unchanged. While O. niloticus is anticipated to display resilience and prosper under the influence of climate change, it remains paradoxical that its habitats are at risk of being compromised by climate-induced alterations. Consequently, even this resilient species stands susceptible to the repercussions of climate change. Due to the worldwide severe impacts of Nile tilapia, regular monitoring of freshwater ecosystems and fish fauna—especially in the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula, which has currently been invaded by this alien species—and protecting the region from key anthropogenic stressors are recommended to successfully conserve the freshwater fishes, which include about 22 recognized fish species in 16 genera, 10 families, 7 orders, and a class including 20 natives (7 endemic) species, out of which 13 species co-occur in sympatricity with O. niloticus. Full article
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17 pages, 1170 KiB  
Review
Addressing Phosphorus Waste in Open Flow Freshwater Fish Farms: Challenges and Solutions
by Cosmas Nathanailides, Markos Kolygas, Maria Tsoumani, Evangelia Gouva, Theodoros Mavraganis and Hera Karayanni
Fishes 2023, 8(9), 442; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090442 - 31 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Legislation and interest exists to protect and restore freshwater and marine ecosystems from the environmental impact of aquaculture. However, aquaculture-induced eutrophication remains a major environmental concern. Water soluble phosphorus, uneaten feed, feces, and metabolic waste from farmed fish increase phosphorus concentrations in adjacent [...] Read more.
Legislation and interest exists to protect and restore freshwater and marine ecosystems from the environmental impact of aquaculture. However, aquaculture-induced eutrophication remains a major environmental concern. Water soluble phosphorus, uneaten feed, feces, and metabolic waste from farmed fish increase phosphorus concentrations in adjacent waters. In open freshwater fish farms, in particular, the effects can be more immediate, as excess phosphorus is introduced directly into ecosystems. Several intestinal enzymes, transporters, and regulating factors have been implicated in farmed fish dietary phosphorus retention. For example, alkaline phosphatase and other transporters aid in the absorption of phosphorus in the anterior intestine, while pH, calcium, and vitamin D influence these enzymes and transporters. This process may also be influenced by intestinal morphology and the gut microbiome. To reduce phosphorus pollution from open flow fish farms, a thorough understanding of the processes that affect nutrient retention and absorption, as well as the impact of dietary factors, anti-nutritional substances, and intestinal morphology, is required. Aquaculture can be made more sustainable by reducing phosphorus release. This can be achieved by optimizing feed composition, adding functional feed ingredients, managing gut health, and treating effluent aquaculture waters with bioremediation and absorbing materials. Anti-nutritional factors can be mitigated through processing and through the use of functional feed additives. Addressing these issues will reduce aquaculture’s environmental impact, ensuring aquatic ecosystem health and global food security. In addition, treating effluent aquaculture waters with bioremediation and absorbing materials can remove phosphorus from the water, preventing it from entering the environment. This can further reduce the environmental impact of aquaculture and help to ensure the sustainability of this sector. Full article
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