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Electronics
Special Issues
Green Communications and Networks
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Green Communications and Networks

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2024 | Viewed by 4801

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Neng-Chung Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
Interests: wireless and mobile networks; mobile computing; Internet of Things; cloud computing; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Tien-Wen Sung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
Interests: artificial internet of things; wireless sensor networks; mobile computing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chao-Yang Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou 640301, Taiwan
Interests: artificial intelligence; Internet of Things; wireless communication networks; unmanned aerial vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Green communications and networks focus on significantly improving the sustainability of power resources, reducing energy consumption and network environment conditions. Due to efficiency requirements in design, green communications and networks not only demand more advanced energy management methods, but also pose great challenges in terms of topology, QoS, and security. With increasing efficiency requirements, research on green communications and networks is facing major challenges. Hence, there is an urgent need to pursue the latest developments.

This Special Issue aims to publish original research and review articles discussing control theories, communications, applications, and implementations relevant to various types of green communications and networks. Through this Special Issue, our goal is to collect manuscripts describing the most recent advances and developments addressing problems encountered in both theoretical and practical applications for green communication and networking. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Design, development, and implementation of green communications and networks
  • Architectures, communications, and applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), wireless ad hoc networks (WANETs), and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)
  • Architectures, communications, and applications for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
  • Green communications for Internet of Things (IoTs)
  • Green communications for cloud computing technologies
  • Green communications for smart cities
  • Artificial intelligence strategies for green communication and network technologies
  • Intelligent systems for green communication and network technologies
  • Energy management for green communication and network technologies
  • Applications for green communication and network technologies
  • Security and privacy for green communication and network technologies

Prof. Dr. Neng-Chung Wang
Prof. Dr. Tien-Wen Sung 
Dr. Chao-Yang Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green communications
  • wireless networks
  • wireless transmission
  • energy efficiency
  • unmanned aerial vehicle
  • Internet of Things
  • cloud computing
  • smart city
  • artificial intelligence

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6985 KiB  
Article
Phase Stabilization of a Terahertz Wave Using Mach–Zehnder Interference Detection
by Amalina Athira Ibrahim, Bo Li, Shenghong Ye, Takashi Shiramizu, Hanwei Chen, Yuya Mikami and Kazutoshi Kato
Electronics 2023, 12(15), 3366; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12153366 - 07 Aug 2023
Viewed by 963
Abstract
As a high-frequency carrier, the terahertz (THz) wave is essential for achieving high-data-rate wireless transmission due to its ultra-wide bandwidth. Phase stabilization becomes crucial to enable phase-shift-based multilevel modulation for high-speed data transmission. We developed a Mach–Zehnder interferometric phase stabilization technique for photomixing, [...] Read more.
As a high-frequency carrier, the terahertz (THz) wave is essential for achieving high-data-rate wireless transmission due to its ultra-wide bandwidth. Phase stabilization becomes crucial to enable phase-shift-based multilevel modulation for high-speed data transmission. We developed a Mach–Zehnder interferometric phase stabilization technique for photomixing, which has proved a promising method for phase-stable continuous THz-wave generation. However, this method faced inefficiencies in generating phase-modulated THz waves due to the impact of the phase modulator on the phase stabilization system. By photomixing, which is one of the promising methods for generating THz waves, the phase of the generated THz waves can be controlled in the optical domain so that the stability of the generated THz wave can be controlled by photonics technologies. Thus, we devised a new phase stabilization approach using backward-directional lightwave, which is overlapped with the THz wave generation system. This study presented a conceptual and experimental framework for stabilizing the phase differences of optical carrier signals. We compared the optical domain and transmission performances between forward-directional and backward-directional phase stabilization methods. Remarkably, our results demonstrated error-free transmission at a modulation frequency of 3 Gbit/s and higher. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications and Networks)
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21 pages, 6094 KiB  
Article
Energy Efficiency of Mobile Devices Using Fuzzy Logic Control by Exponential Weight with Priority-Based Rate Control in Multi-Radio Opportunistic Networks
by Young-Long Chen, Neng-Chung Wang, Yi-Shang Liu and Chien-Yun Ko
Electronics 2023, 12(13), 2863; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132863 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 731
Abstract
The rapid development of mobile devices and wireless network technologies have made them indispensable. This has created a demand for faster networks and longer battery life. The assurance of a stable network service and the enhancement of network experiences for mobile devices is [...] Read more.
The rapid development of mobile devices and wireless network technologies have made them indispensable. This has created a demand for faster networks and longer battery life. The assurance of a stable network service and the enhancement of network experiences for mobile devices is equally crucial to meeting these demands. To address these challenges, mobile devices employ various techniques to decrease power consumption when they connect to wireless networks. Moreover, enhancing the endurance of mobile devices to maintain stable network services is critical when using wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a dual-radio opportunistic network for energy efficiency (DRONEE)–exponential weight with priority-based on rate control (WPRC) method which can extend and enhance the DRONEE hybrid network. By leveraging fuzzy logic control (FLC) and quality of service (QoS), our proposed method effectively solves the weighting problem in the DRONEE–weight (DRONEE–W) method. Through efficient allocation of network resources within each cluster, we minimize resource wastage and maximize resource utilization. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of our DRONEE–WPRC method in terms of throughput, buffer size, delay time, and power consumption compared to other methods. Therefore, our proposed method achieves optimal network resource allocation and energy efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications and Networks)
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11 pages, 2799 KiB  
Article
Physically Encrypted Wireless Transmission Based on XOR between Two Data in Terahertz Beams
by Hanwei Chen, Ming Che, Naoya Seiki, Takashi Shiramizu, Takuya Yano, Yuya Mikami, Yuta Ueda and Kazutoshi Kato
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2629; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122629 - 11 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1020
Abstract
Future wireless communications require higher security as well as a higher data rate. We have been studying physically secured wireless transmission systems and previously proposed encryption/decryption techniques based on the AND operation caused by coherent detection between two encrypted data sequences on two [...] Read more.
Future wireless communications require higher security as well as a higher data rate. We have been studying physically secured wireless transmission systems and previously proposed encryption/decryption techniques based on the AND operation caused by coherent detection between two encrypted data sequences on two different terahertz carriers. Furthermore, we suggested that by employing the XOR operation as the decryption, the proposed system can be made more secure because XOR increases the computational complexity for eavesdroppers to recover the plaintext. In this paper, we propose the XOR operation between two data sequences on FSK-modulated terahertz waves. By constructing the XOR encryption transmitters/receivers, which consisted of high-speed wavelength tunable lasers and arrayed uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes (UTC-PDs), we successfully demonstrated the XOR operation between two data sequences on 200 GHz waves from the two transmitters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications and Networks)
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15 pages, 760 KiB  
Article
Container Allocation in Cloud Environment Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning
by Tom Danino, Yehuda Ben-Shimol and Shlomo Greenberg
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2614; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122614 - 09 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1315
Abstract
Nowadays, many computation tasks are carried out using cloud computing services and virtualization technology. The intensive resource requirements of virtual machines have led to the adoption of a lighter solution based on containers. Containers isolate packaged applications and their dependencies, and they can [...] Read more.
Nowadays, many computation tasks are carried out using cloud computing services and virtualization technology. The intensive resource requirements of virtual machines have led to the adoption of a lighter solution based on containers. Containers isolate packaged applications and their dependencies, and they can also operate as part of distributed applications. Containers can be distributed over a cluster of computers with available resources, such as the CPU, memory, and communication bandwidth. Any container distribution mechanism should consider resource availability and their impact on overall performance. This work suggests a new approach to assigning containers to servers in the cloud, while meeting computing and communication resource requirements and minimizing the overall task completion time. We introduce a multi-agent environment using a deep reinforcement learning-based decision mechanism. The high action space complexity is tackled by decentralizing the allocation decisions among multiple agents. Considering the interactions among the agents, we introduce a new cooperative mechanism for a state and reward design, resulting in efficient container assignments. The performances of both long short term memory (LSTM) and memory augmented-based agents are examined, for solving the challenging container assignment problem. Experimental results demonstrated an improvement of up to 28% in the execution runtime compared to existing bin-packing heuristics and the common Kubernetes industrial tool. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications and Networks)
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