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Diagnostics
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Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management
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Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 12479

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andreas Manios

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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, University Hospital Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
Interests: skin cancer; malignant melanoma; plastic and reconstructive surgery; adnexal tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dimitra Koumaki

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Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
Interests: skin cancer; mela-noma and non-melanoma skin cancer; skin surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Cutaneous adnexal tumors (ATs) enclose a large group of benign and malignant tumors, deriving from the hair follicle, sebaceous glands, eccrine, or apocrine glands. Because of the extensive overlap in clinical features of cutaneous adnexal tumors, biopsy is essential for diagnosis. Immunohistochemical stains may be useful for the diagnosis of tumors with ambiguous histopathologic features. The goal of this Special Issue entitled “Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management” is to review the clinical and histopathological features, diagnosis, and management of cutaneous adnexal tumors and related syndromes. Contributions to the clinical and histopathological diagnosis and management of these tumors are welcome. Furthermore, articles related to syndromes associated with cutaneous adnexal tumors such as Brooke–Spiegler syndrome, Cowden syndrome, Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome, Muir–Torre syndrome, and familial cylindromatosis are also invited to be submitted for consideration for publication.

Dr. Andreas Manios
Dr. Dimitra Koumaki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cutaneous adnexal tumors
  • follicular and sebaceous tumors
  • sweat gland tumors

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 137 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial for the Special Issue “Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management”
by Dimitra Koumaki
Diagnostics 2024, 14(5), 554; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14050554 - 05 Mar 2024
Viewed by 565
Abstract
We are delighted to present the Special Issue on “Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management” in Diagnostics [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)

Research

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10 pages, 4628 KiB  
Article
Regulatory T Cells but Not Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlate with Tumour Invasion Depth in Basal Cell Carcinoma
by Paranita Ferronika, Safira Alya Dhiyani, Tri Budiarti, Irianiwati Widodo, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce and Sumadi Lukman Anwar
Diagnostics 2022, 12(12), 2987; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122987 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1295
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy worldwide. Current evidence suggests tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may influence the clinical outcomes of patients with BCC. The present study aimed to profile the infiltrative characteristics of stromal TILs and regulatory T cells (Treg [...] Read more.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy worldwide. Current evidence suggests tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may influence the clinical outcomes of patients with BCC. The present study aimed to profile the infiltrative characteristics of stromal TILs and regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the tumour centre (TC), tumour periphery (TP), and normal adjacent tissue (NAT) of BCC. A total of 111 samples from 43 cutaneous BCC cases were examined for TIL (CD3+) and Treg cell (FOXP3+/CD3+) expression using immunohistochemical techniques. The correlations of Treg cells with TILs, invasion depth, and tumour morphological risk were analysed. We identified a high mean proportion of Treg cells within the tumour (TC = 46.9%, TP = 56.1%, NAT = 51.8%) despite a relatively low median of TILs (TC = 12.7%, TP = 10.3%, NAT = 3.6%), supporting the classification of BCC as a cold tumour. A significant positive correlation was observed between the proportion of Treg cells and sTILs (ρ = 0.325, p < 0.001), suggesting a predominant role of TILs in the infiltration of Treg cells. An inverse correlation discovered between Treg cells and tumour invasion depth (r = −0.36, p = 0.017) might indicate Treg cells’ anti-tumour capacity in BCC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)
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Review

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10 pages, 616 KiB  
Review
Eccrine Poroma: Pathogenesis, New Diagnostic Tools and Association with Porocarcinoma—A Review
by Eirini Kyrmanidou, Christina Fotiadou, Christina Kemanetzi, Myrto-Georgia Trakatelli, Anastasia Trigoni, Aikaterini Patsatsi, Zoe Apalla and Elizabeth Lazaridou
Diagnostics 2023, 13(16), 2689; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13162689 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2024
Abstract
Eccrine poroma (EP) is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplasm that usually affects elderly patients. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, but recent gene studies have revealed gene fusions as key incidences resulting in oncogenetic pathways. It often presents as a solitary, firm [...] Read more.
Eccrine poroma (EP) is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplasm that usually affects elderly patients. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, but recent gene studies have revealed gene fusions as key incidences resulting in oncogenetic pathways. It often presents as a solitary, firm papule, mostly asymptomatic, located on the soles or palms. Due to its clinical and dermoscopic variability, it is characterized as the great imitator. We performed a literature review, aiming to summarize current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, new dermoscopic features, and novel diagnostic tools that may aid in early diagnosis and proper management of this rare adnexal tumor. Furthermore, we reviewed the possible pathogenetic associations between EP and its malignant counterpart, namely eccrine porocarcinoma. This systematic approach may aid in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and how to use novel histopathologic markers and imaging methods to overcome the diagnostic dilemma of this rare tumor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)
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14 pages, 1781 KiB  
Review
Clinical and Dermoscopic Characteristics of Cutaneous Sarcomas: A Literature Review
by Zoe Apalla, Konstantinos Liopyris, Eirini Kyrmanidou, Christina Fotiadou, Dimitrios Sgouros, Aikaterini Patsatsi, Myrto-Georgia Trakatelli, Evangelia Kalloniati, Aimilios Lallas and Elizabeth Lazaridou
Diagnostics 2023, 13(10), 1822; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101822 - 22 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
Under the umbrella of cutaneous sarcomas (CS) we include a heterogeneous group of rare, malignant, mesenchymal neoplasia, such as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, atypical fibroxanthoma, cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, cutaneous angiosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. Clinical presentation and histopathological examination are the cornerstone of CS diagnosis and [...] Read more.
Under the umbrella of cutaneous sarcomas (CS) we include a heterogeneous group of rare, malignant, mesenchymal neoplasia, such as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, atypical fibroxanthoma, cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, cutaneous angiosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. Clinical presentation and histopathological examination are the cornerstone of CS diagnosis and classification. There are scarce data in the literature in regards to the clinical and dermatoscopic characteristics of CS and the role of dermatoscopy in their early identification. We performed a literature review, aiming to summarize current data on the clinical and dermatoscopic presentation of the most common types of cutaneous sarcomas that may facilitate early diagnosis and prompt management. Based on the available published data, CS are characterized by mostly unspecific dermatoscopic patterns. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and in a lesser degree, cutaneous angiosarcoma, may display distinct dermatoscopic features, facilitating their early clinical recognition. In conclusion, dermatoscopy, in conjunction with the overall clinical context, may aid towards suspicion of CS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)
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13 pages, 1595 KiB  
Review
Sebaceous Neoplasms
by Ilias Papadimitriou, Efstratios Vakirlis, Elena Sotiriou, Katerina Bakirtzi, Aimilios Lallas and Demetrios Ioannides
Diagnostics 2023, 13(10), 1676; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101676 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3415
Abstract
Sebaceous neoplasms describe a group of tumors with sebaceous differentiation commonly seen in lesions located primarily in the face and neck. The majority of these lesions are benign, while malignant neoplasms with sebaceous differentiation are uncommon. Sebaceous tumors present a strong association with [...] Read more.
Sebaceous neoplasms describe a group of tumors with sebaceous differentiation commonly seen in lesions located primarily in the face and neck. The majority of these lesions are benign, while malignant neoplasms with sebaceous differentiation are uncommon. Sebaceous tumors present a strong association with the Muir–Torre Syndrome. Patients suspected with this syndrome should undergo neoplasm excision, followed by histopathologic and additional immunohistochemistry and genetics examinations. Clinical and dermoscopic features of the sebaceous neoplasms, as well as management procedures collected from the literature analysis regarding sebaceous carcinoma, sebaceoma/sebaceous adenoma, and sebaceous hyperplasia are described in the current review. A special note is made for describing the Muir–Torre Syndrome in patients presenting multiple sebaceous tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)
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12 pages, 7739 KiB  
Review
Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Review of the Literature
by Aikaterini Tsiogka, Dimitra Koumaki, Maria Kyriazopoulou, Konstantinos Liopyris, Alexander Stratigos and Stamatios Gregoriou
Diagnostics 2023, 13(8), 1431; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13081431 - 16 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2178
Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) constitutes a rare malignant adnexal tumor, which accounts for about 0.005–0.01% of all cutaneous malignancies. It may develop de novo or arise from an eccrine poroma, after a latency period of years or even decades. Accumulating data suggest that specific [...] Read more.
Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) constitutes a rare malignant adnexal tumor, which accounts for about 0.005–0.01% of all cutaneous malignancies. It may develop de novo or arise from an eccrine poroma, after a latency period of years or even decades. Accumulating data suggest that specific oncogenic drivers and signaling pathways may be implicated in its tumorigenesis, while recent data have demonstrated a high overall mutation rate attributed to UV exposure. Diagnosis may be challenging and should rely on the combination of clinical, dermoscopical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The literature is controversial regarding tumor behavior and prognosis and, therefore, there is no consensus on its surgical management, utility of lymph-node biopsy and further adjuvant or systemic treatment. However, recent advances in tumorigenesis of EPC may aid in the development of novel treatment strategies, which could improve survival of advanced or metastatic disease, such as immunotherapy. This review presents an update of the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical presentation of EPC and summarizes current data on diagnostic evaluation and management of this rare cutaneous malignancy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin and Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: Diagnosis and Management)
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