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Diagnostics
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Melanoma Pathology and Biomarkers
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Melanoma Pathology and Biomarkers

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 11007

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Thomas Botton

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France and INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
Interests: melanoma; cancer cells; tumors; cell biology; molecular biology; cancer research; oncogenes; cancer biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dermatopathology is a rapidly evolving field with growing implications for the clinical management of melanoma patients. The two main challenges that need to be addressed are: (1) to better anticipate the progression trajectory of borderline lesions to prevent overdiagnosis while taking early action on truly malignant tumors; and (2) to help clinicians tailor effective targeted- or immunotherapies based on specific markers expressed by the primary tumor, its microenvironment, and, over the course of the disease’s progression, metastasis taking into consideration intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity.

This Special Issue aims to feature advances in genetic classification, the identification of histological or molecular markers, and bioinformatic tools that will contribute to improving the detection and clinical management of melanoma.

Dr. Thomas Botton
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • histopathology
  • biomarkers
  • genetic profiling
  • bioinformatic tools.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 8028 KiB  
Article
Loss of Lymphotoxin Alpha-Expressing Memory B Cells Correlates with Metastasis of Human Primary Melanoma
by Franziska Werner, Christine Wagner, Martin Simon, Katharina Glatz, Kirsten D. Mertz, Heinz Läubli, Erika Richtig, Johannes Griss and Stephan N. Wagner
Diagnostics 2021, 11(7), 1238; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071238 - 12 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2731
Abstract
Activated antigen-experienced B cells play an unexpected complex role in anti-tumor immunity in human melanoma patients. However, correlative studies between B cell infiltration and tumor progression are limited by the lack of distinction between functional B cell subtypes. In this study, we examined [...] Read more.
Activated antigen-experienced B cells play an unexpected complex role in anti-tumor immunity in human melanoma patients. However, correlative studies between B cell infiltration and tumor progression are limited by the lack of distinction between functional B cell subtypes. In this study, we examined a series of 59 primary and metastatic human cutaneous melanoma specimens with B cell infiltration. Using seven-color multiplex immunohistochemistry and automated tissue imaging and analysis, we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of three major antigen-experienced B cell subpopulations expressing lymphotoxin alpha (LTA/TNFSF1) or interleukin-10 (IL-10) outside tertiary lymphoid structures. The expression of both LTA and IL-10 was not restricted to a particular B cell subtype. In primary melanomas, these cells were predominantly found at the invasive tumor-stroma front and, in metastatic melanomas, they were also found in the intratumoral stroma. In primary melanomas, decreased densities of LTA+ memory-like and, to a lesser extent, activated B cells were associated with metastasis. Compared with metastatic primary tumors, B cell infiltrates in melanoma metastases were enriched in both LTA+ memory-like and LTA+ activated B cells, but not in any of the IL-10+ B cell subpopulations. Melanoma disease progression shows distinct dynamics of functional B cell subpopulations, with the regulation of LTA+ B cell numbers being more significant than IL-10+ B cell subpopulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Melanoma Pathology and Biomarkers)
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13 pages, 2633 KiB  
Article
Predictive Evaluation on Cytological Sample of Metastatic Melanoma: The Role of BRAF Immunocytochemistry in the Molecular Era
by Andrea Ronchi, Marco Montella, Federica Zito Marino, Michele Caraglia, Anna Grimaldi, Giuseppe Argenziano, Elvira Moscarella, Gabriella Brancaccio, Teresa Troiani, Stefania Napolitano, Renato Franco and Immacolata Cozzolino
Diagnostics 2021, 11(6), 1110; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061110 - 18 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1958
Abstract
Background: Cutaneous malignant melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm. In advanced cases, the therapeutic choice depends on the mutational status of BRAF. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) is often applied to the management of patients affected by melanoma, mainly for the diagnosis of metastases. [...] Read more.
Background: Cutaneous malignant melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm. In advanced cases, the therapeutic choice depends on the mutational status of BRAF. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) is often applied to the management of patients affected by melanoma, mainly for the diagnosis of metastases. The evaluation of BRAF mutational status by sequencing technique on cytological samples may be inconvenient, as it is a time and biomaterial-consuming technique. Recently, BRAF immunocytochemistry (ICC) was applied for the evaluation of BRAF V600E mutational status. Although it may be useful mainly in cytological samples, data about BRAF ICC on cytological samples are missing. Methods: We performed BRAF ICC on a series of 50 FNA samples of metastatic melanoma. BRAF molecular analysis was performed on the same cytological samples or on the corresponding histological samples. Molecular analysis was considered the gold standard. Results: BRAF ICC results were adequate in 49 out of 50 (98%) cases, positive in 15 out of 50 (30%) cases and negative in 34 out of 50 (68%) of cases. Overall, BRAF ICC sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value results were 88.2%, 100%, 100% and 94.1%, respectively. The diagnostic performance of BRAF ICC results was perfect when molecular evaluation was performed on the same cytological samples. Hyperpigmentation represents the main limitation of the technique. Conclusions: BRAF ICC is a rapid, cost-effective method for detecting BRAF V600E mutation in melanoma metastases, applicable with high diagnostic performance to cytological samples. It could represent the first step to evaluate BRAF mutational status in cytological samples, mainly in poorly cellular cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Melanoma Pathology and Biomarkers)
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Review

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22 pages, 425 KiB  
Review
Unraveling the Wide Spectrum of Melanoma Biomarkers
by Antonios Revythis, Sidrah Shah, Mikolaj Kutka, Michele Moschetta, Mehmet Akif Ozturk, George Pappas-Gogos, Evangelia Ioannidou, Matin Sheriff, Elie Rassy and Stergios Boussios
Diagnostics 2021, 11(8), 1341; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081341 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 52 | Viewed by 5560
Abstract
The use of biomarkers in medicine has become essential in clinical practice in order to help with diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of treatment response. Since Alexander Breslow’s original report on “melanoma and prognostic values of thickness”, providing the first biomarker for melanoma, many [...] Read more.
The use of biomarkers in medicine has become essential in clinical practice in order to help with diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of treatment response. Since Alexander Breslow’s original report on “melanoma and prognostic values of thickness”, providing the first biomarker for melanoma, many promising new biomarkers have followed. These include serum markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase and S100 calcium-binding protein B. However, as our understanding of the DNA mutational profile progresses, new gene targets and proteins have been identified. These include point mutations, such as mutations of the BRAF gene and tumour suppressor gene tP53. At present, only a small number of the available biomarkers are being utilised, but this may soon change as more studies are published. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of melanoma biomarkers and their utility for current and, potentially, future clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Melanoma Pathology and Biomarkers)
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