Image-Based Diagnostics and Radiometabolic Therapy of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: 3rd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 1092

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Farmacy, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
Interests: nuclear medicine; image-based diagnostics; SPECT; SPECT/CT; PET/CT; molecular breast imaging; oncology (breast cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, prostate cancer); radiomics; neurodegenerative disorders; radiometabolic therapy
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Guest Editor
Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
Interests: nuclear medicine; imaging; integrated imaging; high resolution scintigraphic detectors; heart failure; radionuclide therapy; dosimetry; target alpha therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), which includes papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma, represents the vast majority of all thyroid cancers and the most frequent endocrine malignancy. The incidence of DTC is increasing worldwide due to the widespread use of thyroid ultrasound (US), but mortality is stable over the years as more cancers are diagnosed at a very early stage.

FNAC, in association with neck US, represents the method of choice for the pre-surgical diagnosis and loco-regional staging of DTC.

After surgery, neck US and 131I-Whole-Body scan, the latter preferably integrated with SPECT/CT, in combination with the serum assay of basal/stimulated Thyroglobulin (TG) and Ab-TG, are currently the diagnostic tools of preference.

18FDG-PET adds important prognostic information and is especially indicated in the presence of elevated serum levels of TG and a negative radioiodine scan.

Further diagnostic tools, such as computed tomography and MRI, may be considered in selected cases. Moreover, novel diagnostic techniques (e.g., 18FDG-PET/MRI) and radiotracers (e.g., Tetrafluoroborate) are ongoing in this field.

DTC is usually characterized by a favorable prognosis and maintains the ability to concentrate iodine, thus making radiometabolic treatment with 131Iodine (RAI) the most effective therapy after surgery. However, recurrent DTC may become poorly differentiated over time and lose the ability to concentrate iodine. Alternative therapies (e.g., molecular targeted therapy) should be considered in RAI refractory disease.

In this Special Issue, we encourage researchers to submit original papers, review articles, brief communications, or comments on current image-based diagnostics and radiometabolic therapy of DTC. Papers focused on novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools, radiomics, and personalized medicine are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Angela Spanu
Dr. Giuseppe De Vincentis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • differentiated thyroid cancer
  • neck ultrasound
  • diagnostic radioiodine scan
  • 131I-SPECT/CT
  • FDG-PET/CT
  • computed tomography
  • MRI
  • PET/MRI
  • tetrafluoroborate
  • 131I-iodine therapy
  • dosimetry
  • theranostics
  • thyroglobulin
  • radiomics
  • personalized medicine

Published Papers (1 paper)

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5 pages, 1009 KiB  
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An Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma of the Retropharynx in a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Papillary Thyroid Cancer—A Rare Case
by Youngjae Lee, Wonyong Baek, Jiwoong Cho and Jeonghyun Oh
Diagnostics 2024, 14(1), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010110 - 04 Jan 2024
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Abstract
The frequency of concurrent thyroid cancer in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) varies. While the pathological association between thyroid and parathyroid disorders is frequently noted, the co-occurrence of parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid cancer is exceptionally rare. Furthermore, an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in [...] Read more.
The frequency of concurrent thyroid cancer in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) varies. While the pathological association between thyroid and parathyroid disorders is frequently noted, the co-occurrence of parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid cancer is exceptionally rare. Furthermore, an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the retropharyngeal space is exceedingly rare. Therefore, anatomical variations through the utilization of relevant diagnostic tools play a crucial role in guiding decisions pertaining to clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical interventions, and operative strategies for parathyroid tumors. We present a case of a 51-year-old female patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma in the right thyroid lobe and an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the retropharyngeal space confirmed through surgical intervention. The elevated preoperative levels of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone, along with low serum phosphate, returned to normal ranges after surgery. This case sheds light on the unusual occurrence of an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the retropharyngeal region within a thyroid cancer patient, providing valuable insights into the realm of thyroid malignancies. Full article
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