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Diagnostics
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Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease
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Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 2004

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rosalinda Calandrelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: neoplasms and tumor-like lesions of the sellar region

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sellar region represents a complex anatomical area, composed of multiple structures of different embryological derivation, including the skull base and the pituitary gland, along with vascular, nervous and meningeal structures.

The aim of this Special Issue on Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease is to provide an overview of the common neoplasms and tumor-like conditions of the sellar region, including both those originating from the pituitary gland and those originating from the surrounding structures which secondarily invade the sellar, with an emphasis on the clinical, radiologic and pathologic findings.

Authors are invited to submit original research and reviews about the anatomy of this region, skull base and pituitary tumors, infections, and cystic or vascular lesions, focusing both on the currently used imaging modalities and on innovative MRI radiomic data, relevant for diagnosis, follow up and outcome predictions.

Topics include the following areas: clinical, neuroimaging and neurosurgical areas applied to neoplasms and tumor-like lesions of the sellar region.

Dr. Rosalinda Calandrelli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adenomas
  • craniopharyngiomas
  • skull base lesions
  • infections
  • cystic lesions
  • vascular lesions
  • MRI
  • CT
  • radiomics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3093 KiB  
Article
Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies
by Kranthi K. Marathu, Farzan Vahedifard, Mehmet Kocak, Xuchu Liu, Jubril O. Adepoju, Rakhee M. Bowker, Mark Supanich, Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz and Sharon Byrd
Diagnostics 2024, 14(4), 430; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14040430 - 15 Feb 2024
Viewed by 903
Abstract
Background. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosal abnormalities using the [...] Read more.
Background. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosal abnormalities using the latest classification system. It also helps to identify associated anomalies, which have prognostic implications for the postnatal outcome. Methods. In this study, retrospective data from antenatal women who underwent fetal MRI between January 2014 and July 2023 at Rush University Medical Center were evaluated for CCA and classified based on structural morphology. Patients were further assessed for associated neurological and non-neurological anomalies. Results. The most frequent class of CCA was complete agenesis (79.1%), followed by hypoplasia (12.5%), dysplasia (4.2%), and hypoplasia with dysplasia (4.2%). Among them, 17% had isolated CCA, while the majority (83%) had complex forms of CCA associated with other CNS and non-CNS anomalies. Out of the complex CCA cases, 58% were associated with other CNS anomalies, while 8% were associated with non-CNS anomalies. 17% of cases had both. Conclusion. The use of fetal MRI is valuable in the classification of abnormalities of the corpus callosum after the confirmation of a suspected diagnosis on prenatal ultrasound. This technique is an invaluable method for distinguishing between isolated and complex forms of CCA, especially in cases of apparent isolated CCA. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging or diffusion tensor imaging in fetal neuroimaging is expected to provide further insights into white matter abnormalities in fetuses diagnosed with CCA in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease)
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13 pages, 4962 KiB  
Article
Trouillas’s Grading and Post-Surgical Tumor Residue Assessment in Pituitary Adenomas: The Importance of the Multidisciplinary Approach
by Rosalinda Calandrelli, Pier Paolo Mattogno, Sabrina Chiloiro, Marco Gessi, Gabriella D’Apolito, Tommaso Tartaglione, Antonella Giampietro, Antonio Bianchi, Francesco Doglietto, Liverana Lauretti and Simona Gaudino
Diagnostics 2024, 14(3), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030274 - 26 Jan 2024
Viewed by 618
Abstract
Background: We aim to assess the role of a multidisciplinary approach in pituitary adenomas (PitNETs) classification, evaluate criteria concordance, and compare intraoperative assessments with post-operative MRIs for tumor remnants. Methods: Clinical, radiological, histological, and intra- and post-operative data of the treated PitNETs were [...] Read more.
Background: We aim to assess the role of a multidisciplinary approach in pituitary adenomas (PitNETs) classification, evaluate criteria concordance, and compare intraoperative assessments with post-operative MRIs for tumor remnants. Methods: Clinical, radiological, histological, and intra- and post-operative data of the treated PitNETs were extracted from prospectively created records. PitNETs were graded according to Trouillas, and the evaluation of the tumor remnants was recorded. Results: Of 362 PitNETs, 306 underwent surgery, with Trouillas grading assigned to 296. Eight-nine radiologically non-invasive PitNETs progressed to grades 1b (27), 2a (42), or 2b (20) due to proliferative or surgical invasiveness criteria. Twenty-six radiologically invasive tumors were graded 2b due to proliferative criteria. Surgical resection details and post-surgical MRI findings revealed that residual tumors were more common in grades 2a and 2b. During surgery, small tumor remnants were documented in 14 patients which were not visible on post-surgical MRI. Post-surgical MRIs identified remnants in 19 PitNETs not seen during surgery, located in lateral recesses of the sella (4), retrosellar (2), or suprasellar regions (7), along the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (6). Conclusions: The Pituitary Board allows for the correct grading of PitNETs to be obtained and an accurate identification of high-risk patients who should undergo closer surveillance due to tumor remnants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease)
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16 pages, 6370 KiB  
Case Report
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Case Report and Update on Diagnosis and Treatment
by Maria Carolina Jurcau, Anamaria Jurcau, Vlad Octavian Hogea and Razvan Gabriel Diaconu
Diagnostics 2024, 14(9), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090881 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 223
Abstract
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an important cause of daily headaches that occur in young and middle-aged, active persons and is often misdiagnosed, leading to prolonged inactivity and rather high healthcare expenditures. Its diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and careful [...] Read more.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an important cause of daily headaches that occur in young and middle-aged, active persons and is often misdiagnosed, leading to prolonged inactivity and rather high healthcare expenditures. Its diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and careful interpretation of imaging studies. We present a case of SIH, which was successfully treated but which posed serious diagnostic challenges, ranging from cerebro-vascular disease and meningitis to granulomatous diseases, and for whom every therapeutic attempt just worsened the patient’s condition until we finally reached the correct diagnosis. To raise awareness of this condition, we also present an updated overview of the clinical picture, evaluation, and treatment options for SIH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Imaging of Brain Disease)
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