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Crystals
Special Issues
Failure Mechanisms in Metallic Materials
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Failure Mechanisms in Metallic Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 5761

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yang Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Interests: creep; crack initiation; hydrogen embrittlement; cold dwell fatigue; crack growth; fatigue indicator parameter; multi-physics failure; multi-scale crack initiation
Dr. Vasilis Karamitros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Interests: microstructure-sensitive crack growth; short crack growth; crack initiation; fatigue failure; Ni-based superalloys; cold dwell fatigue; XFEM; physics-based crack growth drivers
Prof. Dr. Mingyi Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 518057, China
Interests: light alloys; bulk ultrafine-grained metals; metal matrix composites; texture; crystal defects
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metallic materials experience various extreme and complex conditions during their in-service condition. Irreversible deformation behaviours occur during complex conditions, manifested in localised slip, fatigue crack nucleation, short-crack propagation, and ultimate failure events. Recently, understanding their failure mechanisms has become a trending problem in a wide range of environmental, energy and aerospace applications. Significant advances have been made in microstructure-based crystal plasticity modelling and in-situ electron microscopy to quantitatively characterise the origin and evolution of failure events at small scale. Meanwhile, considerable interest has arisen in linking macroscopic properties to material microstructure across different length and time scales. Furthermore, the establishment of frameworks integrating experimentation and modelling to understand complex coupled environmental effects, such as hydrogen embrittlement, extreme high temperature, irradiation damage, and corrosion cracking, is crucial to reveal the physical mechanisms behind phenomena. Therefore, we believe that this Special Issue is currently of practical necessity in order to discover the failure mechanisms of metallic components and to provide guidance for their future design.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Fatigue crack initiation;
  • Single- and poly-crystal crack growth;
  • Irradiation-induced cracking;
  • Thermomechanical cracking;
  • Corrosion cracking;
  • Fatigue indicator parameter;
  • Length-scale-dependent fatigue cracking;
  • Phase-field modelling of crack growth;
  • Stress-riser-geometry-sensitive cracking;
  • Hydrogen-embrittlement-induced crack initiation;
  • 3D characterization crack initiation/growth;
  • Microstructure-sensitive crack initiation/growth.

Dr. Yang Liu
Dr. Vasilis Karamitros
Prof. Dr. Mingyi Zheng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fatigue crack initiation
  • short crack growth
  • thermomechanical load
  • corrosion
  • fatigue indicator parameter
  • length scale
  • phase field
  • hydrogen embrittlement
  • in-situ characterization
  • extreme environment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 10942 KiB  
Article
Study on the Fracture Behaviour of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Extruded Tube during Different Stress Conditions
by Tengjiao Hong, Fengjuan Ding, Feng Chen, Hua Zhang, Qiliang Zeng and Juan Wang
Crystals 2023, 13(3), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030489 - 12 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2009
Abstract
To study the deformation and fracture mechanism of 6061 aluminum alloy extruded pipe after secondary heat treatment under different stress triaxiality, a Johnson–Cook failure model was developed. Through the FEM method and SEM, the fracture mechanism of different types of aluminum alloy tensile [...] Read more.
To study the deformation and fracture mechanism of 6061 aluminum alloy extruded pipe after secondary heat treatment under different stress triaxiality, a Johnson–Cook failure model was developed. Through the FEM method and SEM, the fracture mechanism of different types of aluminum alloy tensile specimens was analyzed. The research results show that the Johnson–Cook failure model could better simulate the tensile deformation of 6061 aluminum alloy specimens of different types, the parameters of the Johnson–Cook failure model were finally obtained D1 = 0.29, D2 = 1.356, and D3 = −2.567. With the increase of the stress triaxiality, the fracture strain showed a decreasing trend as a whole, and the fracture mechanism changed from a shear type to a hole aggregation type. The stress triaxiality gradually decreased with the increase of the notch radius/angles of the aluminum alloy notch specimen, and the stress triaxiality at the center of the notch was higher than the stress triaxiality at the root of the notch. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Mechanisms in Metallic Materials)
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14 pages, 5410 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of Plastically Pre-Strained and Cathodically Hydrogen-Charged 316H Grade Austenitic Stainless Steel
by Ladislav Falat, Lucia Čiripová, Ivan Petryshynets, Ondrej Milkovič, Miroslav Džupon and Karol Kovaľ
Crystals 2022, 12(10), 1419; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101419 - 08 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1431
Abstract
In this work, the effects of electrochemical hydrogen charging of 316H grade austenitic stainless steel were investigated in order to characterize its hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance. The as-received 316H material was in a fully recrystallized (solution-annealed) material condition. The susceptibility to HE of [...] Read more.
In this work, the effects of electrochemical hydrogen charging of 316H grade austenitic stainless steel were investigated in order to characterize its hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance. The as-received 316H material was in a fully recrystallized (solution-annealed) material condition. The susceptibility to HE of the studied material was evaluated by determination of the embrittlement index from the results of conventional uniaxial tensile tests of nonhydrogenated and hydrogen-charged test specimens. The study was focused on the effects of two selected plastic pre-strain levels of tensile specimens on their resulting HE resistance. The selected pre-strains corresponded to the tensile stress conditions within the “yield stress–ultimate tensile strength” (YS–UTS) range and directly at the UTS point. The obtained embrittlement indices for the presently used pre-straining and hydrogen charging conditions indicated that the HE of the studied material states was small. However, it was revealed that the observed degradation of deformation properties of plastically pre-strained and hydrogen-charged materials was mainly caused by gradual plasticity exhaustion due to tensile straining, which well correlated with the observed effects indicated by electron backscatter diffraction analyses and indentation hardness measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Mechanisms in Metallic Materials)
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Review

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31 pages, 4815 KiB  
Review
Void Nucleation and Growth from Heterophases and the Exploitation of New Toughening Mechanisms in Metals
by Yi Guo, Chaitanya Paramatmuni and Egemen Avcu
Crystals 2023, 13(6), 860; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13060860 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1922
Abstract
Heterophases, such as precipitates, inclusions, second phases, or reinforcement particles, often drive void nucleation due to local incompatibilities in stresses/strains. This results in a significant life-limiting condition, as voids or their coalescence can lead to microcracks that reduce the ductility and fatigue life [...] Read more.
Heterophases, such as precipitates, inclusions, second phases, or reinforcement particles, often drive void nucleation due to local incompatibilities in stresses/strains. This results in a significant life-limiting condition, as voids or their coalescence can lead to microcracks that reduce the ductility and fatigue life of engineering components. Continuum-mechanics-based analytical models have historically gained momentum due to their relative ease in predicting failure strain. The momentum of such treatment has far outpaced the development of theories at the atomic and micron scales, resulting in an insufficient understanding of the physical processes of void nucleation and growth. Evidence from the recent developments in void growth theories indicates that the evolution of voids is intrinsically linked to dislocation activity at the void–matrix interface. This physical growth mechanism opens up a new methodology for improving mechanical properties using hydrostatic pressurization. According to the limited literature, with a hydrostatic pressure close to 1 GPa, aluminium matrix composites can be made 70 times more ductile. This significant ductility enhancement arises from the formation of dislocation shells that encapsulate the heterophases and inhibit the void growth and coalescence. With further investigations into the underlying theories and developments of methods for industrial implementations, hydrostatic pressurization has the potential to evolve into an effective new method for improving the ductility and fatigue life of engineering components with further development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Failure Mechanisms in Metallic Materials)
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