Additive Manufacturing (AM) for Advanced Materials and Structures: Green and Intelligent Development Trend Volume II

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 2360

Special Issue Editors

College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Interests: 3D printing and additive manufacturing; micro-droplet printing; wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM); selective laser melting (SLM); surface engineering; advanced manufacturing; green manufacturing
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Guest Editor
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Interests: advanced manufacturing technology; green manufacturing and equipment; manufacturing system engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) as an advanced manufacturing technology has overturned the traditional concept of subtractive manufacturing. By layering materials in a stack, AM technology enables the manufacturing of metal parts in virtually any shape, offering extensive design flexibility for advanced materials and structures. The net-shape manufacturing capacity of AM also contributes significantly to material savings and reduces manufacturing cycle times. This positions it as an environmentally conscious technology for manufacturing complex metal components, as it minimizes waste and energy consumption. AM technology is changing the way products are developed, produced, and commercialized, potentially disrupting the economy and society. AM technology has received extensive attention and relentless research from the research community since its inception, and it is leading the frontier of manufacturing technology and continues to surprise us in the aerospace industry, automotive industry, medical plant applications, and many other fields. However, the development of additive manufacturing still faces demanding technical challenges. For example, due to insufficient process planning and inadequate process control, many defects and poor microstructures are often observed in the products of AM processes, reducing production efficiency and deteriorating product quality. To propel AM technology towards high efficiency, precision, performance, and cost-effectiveness while embracing green and intelligent approaches, a range of advanced design and manufacturing technologies require pressing breakthroughs. These encompass the exploration of novel materials and structures, the optimization of process systems, understanding defect formation mechanisms, precise control over microstructures, the advancement of process monitoring and control techniques, etc. Urgent advancements in these areas are imperative to driving the evolution of AM technology. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Multiscale and multiphysical field numerical simulation for metal additive manufacturing;
  • Multi-material functional structure design for metal additive manufacturing;
  • Design and modification of metallic materials in additive manufacturing;
  • Design and manufacture of lightweight metallic structures in additive manufacturing;
  • Process in situ monitoring and intelligent learning in metal additive manufacturing;
  • New testing and evaluation methods for component performance in metal additive manufacturing;
  • Process optimization for metal additive manufacturing of different alloy systems;
  • Metallurgical characterization of metal additive-manufactured components;
  • Process–structure–property relationships in metal additive manufacturing.

This urgently requires scholars in the research community to work together to realize green manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing with additive manufacturing as the core.

Dr. Hao Yi
Prof. Dr. Huajun Cao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • 3D printing
  • additive manufacturing
  • advanced manufacturing
  • green manufacturing
  • intelligent manufacturing
  • parts design
  • techniques
  • materials applications
  • parts quality
  • modeling

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 28607 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiC/WC-Reinforced AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloys Prepared by Laser Cladding
by Zhikai Zhu, Wenqing Shi and Jiang Huang
Crystals 2024, 14(1), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14010083 - 15 Jan 2024
Viewed by 810
Abstract
By employing the technology of laser cladding, AlCoCrFeNi–TiC20−x/WCx high-entropy alloy coatings (where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 is the mass fraction) were fabricated on 316L stainless steel (316Lss). The effects of changes in different mass fractions [...] Read more.
By employing the technology of laser cladding, AlCoCrFeNi–TiC20−x/WCx high-entropy alloy coatings (where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 is the mass fraction) were fabricated on 316L stainless steel (316Lss). The effects of changes in different mass fractions on the morphology, phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, and corrosion resistance of the composite coatings were studied. This demonstrates that the addition of TiC and WC powder produces an FCC phase in the original BCC phase, the morphology and size of the coatings from top to bottom undergo some changes with x, and the grain size evolution follows a cooling rate law. The evolution of microhardness and corrosion resistance of the coatings exhibit a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with an increase in x. The coatings exhibited their best microhardness and corrosion resistance when x = 15, and their corrosion resistance and microhardness were much better than those of the substrate. Full article
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12 pages, 6079 KiB  
Article
Study on Single-Layer and Single-Channel Microstructure of 304 Stainless Steel Using Joule Heat Additive Manufacturing
by Suli Li, Zhuang Gao, Jie Xiong, Longfei Fan, Jichao Chen, Kaiyue Ma, Laixia Yang and Bingheng Lu
Crystals 2023, 13(11), 1573; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13111573 - 7 Nov 2023
Viewed by 975
Abstract
In this study, a solution to the issue of a large heat-affected zone in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing is presented by employing the Joule Heat Additive Manufacturing method to create a single layer and single channel with a reduced heat-affected zone. The microstructure [...] Read more.
In this study, a solution to the issue of a large heat-affected zone in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing is presented by employing the Joule Heat Additive Manufacturing method to create a single layer and single channel with a reduced heat-affected zone. The microstructure of the single layer and single channel is thoroughly investigated using various detection methods, including optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results reveal that the heat-affected zone formed by the Joule Heat Additive Manufacturing method is smaller than that produced by the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing method. Additionally, the grains in the single layer and single channel progress from planar to columnar, then equiaxed, and finally back to columnar from the fusion line to the top of the wire. The element content and distribution are relatively uniform. The microstructure of the single layer consists of austenite and a small amount of ferrite, with austenite accounting for 99.71% of the content. The grain size in the middle of the wire is mainly around 10 μm, with the smallest angle grain boundaries within 10°. The distribution of local grain orientation differences in the three regions is found to be largely consistent. The analysis of the microstructure of the single layer and single channel serves as a valuable reference for understanding the behavior of single-channel multi-layers in future studies. Full article
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