Old Drugs in a New Package: Future of Cancer Nanomedicine

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Drug Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 3635

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 277018, USA
Interests: genetically engineered materials; nanotechnology; drug and gene delivery; anti-cancer therapeutics

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Guest Editor
Chemistry Department, BITS-Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Sancoale, Goa 403726, India
Interests: medicinal chemistry; bioinorganic chemistry; nanotherapeutics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Seminal research on cancer nanomedicine in last several decades has begun to pay dividends in the clinic, allowing for the delivery of cancer drugs with enhanced systemic circulation while also minimizing off-target toxicity. There is a stark difference between the number of preclinical trials of cancer nanomedicine and the clinical translation of the same. Despite the advantages proposed by the preclinical studies, the major hurdles of delivering cancer drugs using nanoparticles, micelles, or other nanostructures, are the biological, pharmaceutical or translational barriers. Membrane impermeability, endosomal and lysosomal escape, bloodstream stability, desired biodistribution profile, drug release and elimination kinetics and production costs along with patient compliance are some of the major hindrances. To tackle these translational challenges, there have been efforts to develop smart innovative drug delivery materials and therapeutic strategies. In this issue we aim to address the current stagnancy in cancer nanomedicine with the focus on how researchers are trying to (i) improve therapeutic window of the already approved drug, (ii) understand nano-bio interaction, (iii) break the current asymptote of the cancer nanomedicine, and (iv) improve clinical translatability and patient compliance.

Dr. Soumen Saha
Dr. Uttara Basu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • approved drugs
  • repurposing old drugs
  • nano-bio interaction
  • advanced biomaterials
  • clinical translation

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

52 pages, 4334 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Fibrotic Barriers to Nanomedicine in the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment
by Hiroyoshi Y. Tanaka, Takuya Nakazawa, Atsushi Enomoto, Atsushi Masamune and Mitsunobu R. Kano
Cancers 2023, 15(3), 724; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030724 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3174
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its dismal prognosis. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect theory posits that nanomedicines (therapeutics in the size range of approximately 10–200 nm) selectively accumulate in tumors. Nanomedicine has thus been suggested to be the “magic bullet”—both effective [...] Read more.
Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its dismal prognosis. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect theory posits that nanomedicines (therapeutics in the size range of approximately 10–200 nm) selectively accumulate in tumors. Nanomedicine has thus been suggested to be the “magic bullet”—both effective and safe—to treat pancreatic cancer. However, the densely fibrotic tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer impedes nanomedicine delivery. The EPR effect is thus insufficient to achieve a significant therapeutic effect. Intratumoral fibrosis is chiefly driven by aberrantly activated fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix (ECM) components secreted. Fibroblast and ECM abnormalities offer various potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we detail the diverse strategies being tested to overcome the fibrotic barriers to nanomedicine in pancreatic cancer. Strategies that target the fibrotic tissue/process are discussed first, which are followed by strategies to optimize nanomedicine design. We provide an overview of how a deeper understanding, increasingly at single-cell resolution, of fibroblast biology is revealing the complex role of the fibrotic stroma in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and consider the therapeutic implications. Finally, we discuss critical gaps in our understanding and how we might better formulate strategies to successfully overcome the fibrotic barriers in pancreatic cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Old Drugs in a New Package: Future of Cancer Nanomedicine)
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