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Cancers
Special Issues
Clinical Treatment and Prognostic Factors of Urologic Cancer
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Clinical Treatment and Prognostic Factors of Urologic Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2843

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hiroaki Iwamoto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
Interests: prostate cancer; bladder cancer; renal cell cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urological cancer is a disease that continues to increase in global malignancy statistics. Prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers regularly appear in the top 10 lists of the most common neoplasms in men. Even if cured with initial treatment, a certain number of patients have a poor course with local or distant recurrence, requiring further treatment and significantly deteriorating quality of life.

Significant efforts have been made to improve diagnostic and treatment outcomes. Various new treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have been developed and many molecular biomarkers are being studied. Nevertheless, many issues remain controversial regarding accurate diagnosis, targeted therapy, and multidisciplinary management.

This Special Issue aims to include new data, expert opinions, and reviews to add to the growing knowledge base and draw meaningful interpretations from the research and clinical insights available in the scientific literature. 

A wide range of studies (research, clinical, dissemination, and public health) on urological cancers will be considered for publication in this issue. We encourage submissions of original empirical studies as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses. 

Dr. Hiroaki Iwamoto
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • bladder cancer
  • urothelial carcinoma
  • upper urinary tract tumors
  • kidney cancer
  • renal cell carcinoma
  • testicular tumors
  • molecular markers
  • diagnosis
  • systemic treatment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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34 pages, 4527 KiB  
Article
Six-Month Prostate Cancer Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) Improves Urinary Function: A Randomized Trial
by Tarek Lawen, Gabriela Ilie, Ross Mason, Ricardo Rendon, Jesse Spooner, Emmi Champion, Jessica Davis, Cody MacDonald, Michael J. Kucharczyk, Nikhilesh Patil, David Bowes, Greg Bailly, David Bell, Joseph Lawen, Derek Wilke, George Kephart and Robert David Harold Rutledge
Cancers 2024, 16(5), 958; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16050958 - 27 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 954
Abstract
Purpose: This is a secondary analysis examining a six-month home-based Prostate Cancer-Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) on patient-reported urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal function in men with curative prostate cancer (PC) against standard of care. Methods: In a crossover clinical trial, 128 men scheduled [...] Read more.
Purpose: This is a secondary analysis examining a six-month home-based Prostate Cancer-Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) on patient-reported urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal function in men with curative prostate cancer (PC) against standard of care. Methods: In a crossover clinical trial, 128 men scheduled for PC surgery (n = 62) or radiotherapy with/without hormones (n = 66) were randomized to PC-PEP (n = 66) or waitlist-control and received the standard of care for 6 months, and then PC-PEP to the end of the year. PC-PEP included daily emails with video instructions, aerobic and strength training, dietary guidance, stress management, and social support, with an initial PFMT nurse consultation. Over 6 months, participants in the PC-PEP received optional text alerts (up to three times daily) reminding them to follow the PFMT video program, encompassing relaxation, quick-twitch, and endurance exercises; compliance was assessed weekly. Participants completed baseline, 6, and 12-month International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaires. Results: At 6 months, men in the PC-PEP reported improved urinary bother (IPSS, p = 0.004), continence (EPIC, p < 0.001), and irritation/obstruction function (p = 0.008) compared to controls, with sustained urinary continence benefits at 12 months (p = 0.002). Surgery patients in the waitlist-control group had 3.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 10, p = 0.024) times and 2.3 (95% CI: 0.82, 6.7, p = 0.11) times higher odds of moderate to severe urinary problems compared to PC-PEP at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions: PC-PEP significantly improves lower urinary tract symptoms, affirming its suitability for clinical integration alongside established mental health benefits in men with curative prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Treatment and Prognostic Factors of Urologic Cancer)
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Review

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19 pages, 943 KiB  
Review
How the Management of Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Will Be Modified by the Concept of Anticipation and Incrementation of Therapy
by Alessandro Sciarra, Valerio Santarelli, Stefano Salciccia, Martina Moriconi, Greta Basile, Loreonzo Santodirocco, Dalila Carino, Marco Frisenda, Giovanni Di Pierro, Francesco Del Giudice, Alessandro Gentilucci and Giulio Bevilacqua
Cancers 2024, 16(4), 764; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040764 - 13 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1186
Abstract
Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary treatments for prostate cancer (PC) is an extremely heterogeneous phase and at least a stratification into low- and high-risk cases for early progression in metastatic disease is necessary. At present, PSA-DT represents the best parameter to define low- [...] Read more.
Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary treatments for prostate cancer (PC) is an extremely heterogeneous phase and at least a stratification into low- and high-risk cases for early progression in metastatic disease is necessary. At present, PSA-DT represents the best parameter to define low- and high-risk BCR PC, but real precision medicine is strongly suggested to define tailored management for patients with BCR. Before defining management, it is necessary to exclude the presence of low-volume metastasis associated with PSA progression using new-generation imaging, preferably with PSMA PET/CT. Low-risk BCR cases should be actively observed without early systemic therapies. Early treatment of low-risk BCR with continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can produce disadvantages such as the development of castration resistance before the appearance of metastases (non-metastatic castration-resistant PC). Patients with high-risk BCR benefit from early systemic therapy. Even with overall survival (OS) as the primary treatment endpoint, metastasis-free survival (MFS) should be used as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials, especially in long survival stages of the disease. The EMBARK study has greatly influenced the management of high-risk BCR, by introducing the concept of anticipation and intensification through the use of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) and ADT combination therapy. In high-risk (PSA-DT ≤ 9 months) BCR cases, the combination of enzalutamide with leuprolide significantly improves MFS when compared to leuprolide alone, maintaining an unchanged quality of life in the asymptomatic phase of the disease. The possibility of using ARSIs alone in this early disease setting is suggested by the EMBARK study (arm with enzalutamide alone) with less evidence than with the intensification of the combination therapy. Continued use versus discontinuation of enzalutamide plus leuprolide intensified therapy upon reaching undetectable PSA levels needs to be better defined with further analysis. Real-world analysis must verify the significant results obtained in the context of a phase 3 study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Treatment and Prognostic Factors of Urologic Cancer)
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Other

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21 pages, 7719 KiB  
Systematic Review
Urodynamic Parameters and Continence Outcomes in Asymptomatic Patients with Ileal Orthotopic Neobladder: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis
by Anastasios D. Asimakopoulos, Enrico Finazzi Agrò, Thierry Piechaud, Georgios Gakis, Richard Gaston and Eleonora Rosato
Cancers 2024, 16(7), 1253; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16071253 - 22 Mar 2024
Viewed by 438
Abstract
Introduction: The orthotopic neobladder is the type of urinary diversion (UD) that most closely resembles the original bladder. However, in the literature the urodynamic aspects are scarcely analysed. Objective: To provide the first systematic review (SR) on the urodynamic (UDS) outcomes of the [...] Read more.
Introduction: The orthotopic neobladder is the type of urinary diversion (UD) that most closely resembles the original bladder. However, in the literature the urodynamic aspects are scarcely analysed. Objective: To provide the first systematic review (SR) on the urodynamic (UDS) outcomes of the ileal orthotopic neobladders (ONB). Continence outcomes are also presented. Methods: A PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL search for peer-reviewed studies on ONB published between January 2001–December 2022 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Results and Conclusion: Fifty-nine manuscripts were eligible for inclusion in this SR. A great heterogeneity of data was encountered. Concerning UDS parameters, the pooled mean was 406.2 mL (95% CI: 378.9–433.4 mL) for maximal (entero)cystometric capacity (MCC) and 21.4 cmH2O (95% CI: 17.5–25.4 cmH2O) for Pressure ONB at MCC. Postvoid-residual ranged between 4.9 and 101.6 mL. The 12-mo rates of day and night-time continence were 84.2% (95% CI: 78.7–89.1%) and 61.7% (95% CI: 51.9–71.1%), respectively.Despite data heterogeneity, the ileal ONB seems to guarantee UDS parameters that resemble those of the native bladder. Although acceptable rates of daytime continence are reported the issue of high rates of night-time incontinence remains unsolved. Adequately designed prospective trials adopting standardised postoperative care, terminology and methods of outcome evaluation as well as of conduction of the UDS in the setting of ONB are necessary to obtain homogeneous follow-up data and to establish UDS guidelines for this setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Treatment and Prognostic Factors of Urologic Cancer)
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