Molecular Biology, Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 May 2024 | Viewed by 1163

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of The Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Interests: thyroid cancer; oncogenes; cell signaling; liquid biopsy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thyroid cancer is a growing health concern in the U.S. and other countries, with increasing incidence rates over the last 40 years. To improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate thyroid cancer development and metastatic progression. Genomic profiling of thyroid tumors using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and other molecular methods can help to provide more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans. Additionally, the detection of genomic alterations in cell-free DNA and tumor-specific biomarkers in the blood of thyroid cancer patients can be useful for monitoring therapeutic response and detecting recurrence or metastasis. We welcome manuscripts that address emerging challenges in molecular diagnosis and therapy of thyroid cancer patients, including, but not limited to the following topics:

  • Exosomes in thyroid cancer;
  • Extrachromosomal circular DNA in thyroid cancer;
  • Crosstalk between cell signaling and miRNA in thyroid cancer;
  • Liquid biopsy for thyroid cancer diagnoses;
  • Thyroid cancer metabolomics;
  • Sex-specific molecular determinant of thyroid cancer;
  • Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for personalized treatment in thyroid cancer.

Dr. Vasko Vasyl
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • thyroid
  • cancer
  • liquid biopsy
  • cell-free DNA
  • exosomes
  • metabolomic
  • microRNA

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2837 KiB  
Article
Sex-Specific Expression of Histone Lysine Demethylases (KDMs) in Thyroid Cancer
by Leila Shobab, Hui Zheng, Kirk Jensen, Maria Cecilia Mendonca-Torres, Matthew McCoy, Victoria Hoperia, Jennifer Rosen, Leonard Wartofsky, Kenneth Burman and Vasyl Vasko
Cancers 2024, 16(7), 1260; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16071260 - 23 Mar 2024
Viewed by 877
Abstract
Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer in women is 3–4-fold higher than in men. To characterize sex-specific molecular alterations in thyroid cancer, we examined the expression of sex-biased genes in normal thyroids and thyroid tumors. Methods: Ingenuity pathways analysis was used to define [...] Read more.
Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer in women is 3–4-fold higher than in men. To characterize sex-specific molecular alterations in thyroid cancer, we examined the expression of sex-biased genes in normal thyroids and thyroid tumors. Methods: Ingenuity pathways analysis was used to define sex-biased gene networks using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Confirmatory studies were performed through the analysis of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) expression by real-time PCR and immunostaining. Results: In normal thyroids, 44 sex-biased genes were comparatively upregulated in male and 28 in female patients. The expressions of 37/72 (51%) sex-biased genes were affected in cancer tissues compared with normal thyroids. Gene network analyses revealed sex-specific patterns in the expressions of KDM5C, KDM5D, and KDM6A. In confirmatory studies, KDM5D mRNA and protein were detected only in males, whereas KDM5C and KDM6A were detected in samples from male and female patients. Nuclear staining with anti-KDMs was found in normal thyroids, but a loss of nuclear expression with a concomitant gain of cytoplasmic staining was observed in cancer tissues. Conclusions: Normal thyroids have a sex-specific molecular signature, and the development of thyroid cancer is associated with a differential expression of sex-biased genes. The sex-specific expression of KDMs, coupled with cancer-related alterations in their intracellular localization, may contribute to mechanisms underlying sex differences in thyroid tumorigenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology, Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Cancer)
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