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Cancers
Special Issues
Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan
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Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 6327

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Satoshi Ikeda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 6-16-1, Tomioka-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0051, Japan
Interests: lung cancer; immune checkpoint inhibitor; targeted therapy; clinical trial; patient support
Dr. Tateaki Naito

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
Interests: cachexia; sarcopenia; nutrition in cancer; cancer rehabilitation; thoracic oncology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

In recent years, there has been great progress in the treatment of cancer, especially in pharmacotherapy, and the prognosis of patients with many types of cancer has dramatically improved. Many studies originating in Japan have contributed greatly to its progress, and there are many original studies and initiatives underway today that are precise and sensitive enough to be uniquely Japanese to be proud of in the world.

In this Special Issue, we call for original research articles and review articles on high-quality basic research and clinical research originating from Japan. Moreover, we also welcome articles on research and initiatives related to cancer patient support and survivorship, which are becoming increasingly important in the era of long-term survival.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Satoshi Ikeda
Dr. Tateaki Naito
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Japan
  • cancer
  • oncology
  • research
  • clinical trial
  • survivorship
  • patient support

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2079 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Outcomes of Ablative Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Central Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study
by Shuri Aoki, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Mio Nakajima, Naoyoshi Yamamoto, Shinichiro Mori, Masaru Wakatsuki, Noriyuki Okonogi, Kazutoshi Murata, Yuji Tada, Teruaki Mizobuchi, Ichiro Yoshino and Shigeru Yamada
Cancers 2024, 16(5), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16050933 - 25 Feb 2024
Viewed by 863
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ablative carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for early stage central non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who had received CIRT at 68.4 Gy in 12 fractions for [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ablative carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for early stage central non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who had received CIRT at 68.4 Gy in 12 fractions for central NSCLC in 2006–2019. The median age was 75 years, and the median Karnofsky Performance Scale score was 90%. All patients had concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 20 patients (67%) were considered inoperable. In DVH analysis, the median lung V5 and V20 were 15.5% and 10.4%, and the median Dmax, D0.5cc, D2cc of proximal bronchial tree was 65.6 Gy, 52.8 Gy, and 10.0 Gy, respectively. At a median follow-up of 43 months, the 3-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, and local control rates were 72.4, 75.8, and 88.7%, respectively. Two patients experienced grade 3 pneumonitis, but no grade ≥3 adverse events involving the mediastinal organs occurred. Ablative CIRT is feasible and effective for central NSCLC and could be considered as a treatment option, especially for patients who are intolerant of other curative treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan)
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11 pages, 2187 KiB  
Article
Risk Factors for Bleeding Events in Japanese Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer: Data from the Rising-VTE/NEJ037 Study
by Keita Kawakado, Yukari Tsubata, Takamasa Hotta, Masahiro Yamasaki, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Kazunori Fujitaka, Tetsuya Kubota, Kunihiko Kobayashi and Takeshi Isobe
Cancers 2024, 16(2), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020301 - 10 Jan 2024
Viewed by 740
Abstract
Despite the occurrence of various hemorrhagic events during advanced lung cancer treatment, few researchers have reported on their risk factors. Moreover, the development of cancer-related thromboembolism indicates anticoagulant use. However, adverse events such as bleeding should be monitored. In this study, we aimed [...] Read more.
Despite the occurrence of various hemorrhagic events during advanced lung cancer treatment, few researchers have reported on their risk factors. Moreover, the development of cancer-related thromboembolism indicates anticoagulant use. However, adverse events such as bleeding should be monitored. In this study, we aimed to identify factors that influence the onset of hemorrhagic events in patients with lung cancer. The Rising-VTE/NEJ037 study was a multicenter, prospective, observational study. A total of 1008 patients with lung cancer who were unsuitable for radical resection or radiation were enrolled and followed up for 2 years. Multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model was performed to compare the outcomes of the time to the onset of hemorrhagic events for 2 years after registration. Hemorrhagic events occurred in 115 patients (11.4%), with 35 (30.4%) experiencing major bleeding. Significant risk factors included venous thromboembolism (VTE) (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.003, p < 0.001) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status score of 1 (HR: 2.476, p < 0.001). Factors that significantly reduced hemorrhagic event risk were female sex (HR: 0.454, p = 0.002) and M1a status (HR: 0.542, p = 0.038). VTE is a risk factor for hemorrhagic events in patients with advanced lung cancer, and risks associated with anticoagulant therapy should be considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan)
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11 pages, 1842 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Factors for Resolution Delay of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Prostate Cancer after Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy
by Tomoki Taniguchi, Makoto Kawase, Keita Nakane, Masahiro Nakano, Koji Iinuma, Daiki Kato, Manabu Takai, Yuki Tobisawa, Takayuki Mori, Hirota Takano, Tomoyasu Kumano, Masayuki Matsuo, Takayasu Ito and Takuya Koie
Cancers 2023, 15(16), 4048; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164048 - 10 Aug 2023
Viewed by 779
Abstract
Urinary storage symptoms after low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) with iodine-125 have been noted to be less likely to improve to baseline compared to voiding symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the chronological changes in the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and the time-to-resolution of [...] Read more.
Urinary storage symptoms after low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) with iodine-125 have been noted to be less likely to improve to baseline compared to voiding symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the chronological changes in the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and the time-to-resolution of OABSS in patients undergoing LDR-BT. Patients with prostate cancer who underwent LDR-BT at Gifu University Hospital were enrolled. The OABSS was evaluated before and after LDR-BT. Patients were divided into the OABSS resolution and resolution delay groups, and the association between OABSS resolution delay and clinicopathological covariates was evaluated. In total, 237 patients were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up of 88.3 months. The OABSS in both groups worsened at 3 months following operation and gradually recovered at 9 months; however, the OABSS in the resolution delay group tended to worsen again after that. In the multivariate analysis, preoperative OABSS and the change from baseline to maximal OABSS were associated with OABSS resolution. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the delayed resolution of OABSS after LDR-BT in patients with prostate cancer. A low baseline OABSS and significant changes in the OABSS from baseline were independent predictors of delayed OABSS resolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan)
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11 pages, 2608 KiB  
Article
Clinical Possibility of Caenorhabditis elegans as a Novel Evaluation Tool for Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study
by Yuta Sato, Manabu Futamura, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Hiroshi Tsuchiya, Masahiro Fukada, Toshiya Higashi, Itaru Yasufuku, Ryuichi Asai, Jesse Yu Tajima, Shigeru Kiyama, Hideyuki Hatakeyama, Masayo Morishita, Takaaki Hirotsu, Eric di Luccio, Takuma Ishihara, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi and Kazuhiro Yoshida
Cancers 2023, 15(15), 3870; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153870 - 29 Jul 2023
Viewed by 2378
Abstract
Background: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) possesses a sophisticated sense of smell and is used for a novel cancer screening test that utilizes the chemotaxis index. We designed a single-institution, prospective study to confirm the ability of Nematode Nose (N-NOSE) [...] Read more.
Background: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) possesses a sophisticated sense of smell and is used for a novel cancer screening test that utilizes the chemotaxis index. We designed a single-institution, prospective study to confirm the ability of Nematode Nose (N-NOSE) to determine preoperative chemotherapy’s efficacy for esophageal cancer patients. Patients and Methods: We investigated the predictability of N-NOSE screening for the clinical effects of preoperative chemotherapy for esophageal cancer patients receiving radical surgery. The index reduction score (IRS) was calculated via the chemotaxis of C. elegans at three points: before treatment, before surgery, and after surgery, and its clinical relevance was examined. Result: Thirty-nine patients with esophageal cancer were enrolled from August 2020 to December 2021, and 30 patients receiving radical surgery were examined. Complete response or partial response was achieved in 23 cases (76.7%). When the target of the treatment effect was complete response only, the prediction accuracies of the IRS calculated by area under the curve was 0.85 (95% Confidence interval: 0.62–1) in clinically achieving complete response group, and the sensitivity and specificity were 1 and 0.63, respectively. Conclusion: Index reduction score using N-NOSE screening may reflect the efficacy of chemotherapy for esophageal cancer patients. A large-scale prospective study at multiple centers is desired in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan)
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Review

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13 pages, 3550 KiB  
Review
KRASG12C Inhibitor as a Treatment Option for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Comorbid Interstitial Pneumonia
by Kazushi Fujimoto, Satoshi Ikeda, Erina Tabata, Taichi Kaneko, Shinobu Sagawa, Chieri Yamada, Kosumi Kumagai, Takashi Fukushima, Sanshiro Haga, Masayuki Watanabe, Tatsuya Muraoka, Akimasa Sekine, Tomohisa Baba and Takashi Ogura
Cancers 2024, 16(7), 1327; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16071327 - 28 Mar 2024
Viewed by 846
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with comorbid interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a population with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Patients with comorbid IP are at high risk of developing fatal drug-induced pneumonitis, and data on the safety and efficacy of molecularly targeted [...] Read more.
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with comorbid interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a population with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Patients with comorbid IP are at high risk of developing fatal drug-induced pneumonitis, and data on the safety and efficacy of molecularly targeted therapies are lacking. KRAS mutations have been frequently detected in patients with NSCLC with comorbid IP. However, the low detection rate of common driver gene mutations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase, in patients with comorbid IP frequently results in inadequate screening for driver mutations, and KRAS mutations may be overlooked. Recently, sotorasib and adagrasib were approved as treatment options for advanced NSCLC with KRASG12C mutations. Although patients with comorbid IP were not excluded from clinical trials of these KRASG12C inhibitors, the incidence of drug-induced pneumonitis was low. Therefore, KRASG12C inhibitors may be a safe and effective treatment option for NSCLC with comorbid IP. This review article discusses the promise and prospects of molecular-targeted therapies, especially KRASG12C inhibitors, for NSCLC with comorbid IP, along with our own clinical experience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncology: State-of-the-Art Research and Initiatives in Japan)
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