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8.3
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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Stress, Aging and Metabolism
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Stress, Aging and Metabolism

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 8460

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Myungjin Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Interests: relationship between stress, aging and metabolism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Stresses can damage the cell and organism architecture, as well as the biomolecules inside them. For instance, genotoxic stresses damage DNA, while oxidative stress damages various molecules, including DNA, protein and lipids, and hypoxic stress damages mitochondrial metabolism. These stresses are generally considered to promote aging and age-associated tissue deterioration. Various cellular mechanisms are present to counteract these stress consequences, and such mechanisms could be exploited to extend the life and health span of an organism. One example of such mechanisms is mediated by Sestrins, which constitute a stress-inducible protein family. Sestrins are induced by a variety of stresses, and once induced, they restore cellular homeostasis by reducing oxidative damage and redirecting metabolic resources from growth machinery toward damage repair. The current Special Issue deals with the relationship between stress, aging and metabolism and welcomes review and research articles on all the related topics.

Dr. Myungjin Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • DNA damage
  • oxidative stress
  • aging
  • lifespan
  • healthspan
  • metabolism
  • stress-induced molecules and their functions
  • autophagy
  • exercise
  • nutritional restriction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

17 pages, 1125 KiB  
Review
Ribonucleoprotein Granules: Between Stress and Transposable Elements
by Sungjin Moon and Sim Namkoong
Biomolecules 2023, 13(7), 1027; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13071027 - 23 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1887
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that can transpose and replicate within the genome, leading to genetic changes that affect various aspects of host biology. Evolutionarily, hosts have also developed molecular mechanisms to suppress TEs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies [...] Read more.
Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that can transpose and replicate within the genome, leading to genetic changes that affect various aspects of host biology. Evolutionarily, hosts have also developed molecular mechanisms to suppress TEs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies suggest that stress-induced formation of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, including stress granule (SG) and processing body (P-body), can play a role in the sequestration of TEs to prevent transposition, suggesting an additional layer of the regulatory mechanism for TEs. RNP granules have been shown to contain factors involved in RNA regulation, including mRNA decay enzymes, RNA-binding proteins, and noncoding RNAs, which could potentially contribute to the regulation of TEs. Therefore, understanding the interplay between TEs and RNP granules is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms for maintaining genomic stability and controlling gene expression. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the current knowledge regarding the interplay between TEs and RNP granules, proposing RNP granules as a novel layer of the regulatory mechanism for TEs during stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress, Aging and Metabolism)
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18 pages, 977 KiB  
Review
Evidence of Metabolic Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Patients and Animal Models
by Katarina Maksimovic, Mohieldin Youssef, Justin You, Hoon-Ki Sung and Jeehye Park
Biomolecules 2023, 13(5), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13050863 - 19 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4046
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventual death. Research from the past few decades has appreciated that ALS is not only a disease of the motor neurons but also a disease [...] Read more.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventual death. Research from the past few decades has appreciated that ALS is not only a disease of the motor neurons but also a disease that involves systemic metabolic dysfunction. This review will examine the foundational research of understanding metabolic dysfunction in ALS and provide an overview of past and current studies in ALS patients and animal models, spanning from full systems to various metabolic organs. While ALS-affected muscle tissue exhibits elevated energy demand and a fuel preference switch from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation, adipose tissue in ALS undergoes increased lipolysis. Dysfunctions in the liver and pancreas contribute to impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion. The central nervous system (CNS) displays abnormal glucose regulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased oxidative stress. Importantly, the hypothalamus, a brain region that controls whole-body metabolism, undergoes atrophy associated with pathological aggregates of TDP-43. This review will also cover past and present treatment options that target metabolic dysfunction in ALS and provide insights into the future of metabolism research in ALS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress, Aging and Metabolism)
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11 pages, 803 KiB  
Review
Muscular Sestrins: Roles in Exercise Physiology and Stress Resistance
by Irene Hwang and Myungjin Kim
Biomolecules 2023, 13(5), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13050722 - 23 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1660
Abstract
Sestrins are a family of stress-inducible proteins that are critical for stress adaptation and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. High expression of Sestrins is observed in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues, suggesting their significance in the physiological homeostasis of these organs. Furthermore, expression [...] Read more.
Sestrins are a family of stress-inducible proteins that are critical for stress adaptation and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. High expression of Sestrins is observed in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues, suggesting their significance in the physiological homeostasis of these organs. Furthermore, expression of Sestrins is dynamically controlled in the tissues, based on the level of physical activity and the presence or absence of stress insults. Genetic studies in model organisms have shown that muscular Sestrin expression is critical for metabolic homeostasis, exercise adaptation, stress resistance, and repair and may mediate the beneficial effects of some available therapeutics. The current minireview summarizes and discusses recent findings that shed light on the role of Sestrins in regulating muscle physiology and homeostasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress, Aging and Metabolism)
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