Natural Products Targeting Mitochondria

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 2771

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Interests: mitochondrial bioenergetics; mitochondrial dynamics; aging; reactive oxygen/nitrogen species metabolism; oncometabolism; resveratrol
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Beyond their role as ATP-generating ‘powerhouses’, mitochondria are central to the life of the cell at many levels, including their contribution to biosynthetic pathways, their participation in reactive oxygen metabolism, and their pivotal role in apoptosis. Mitochondria are involved in the processes regulating cell proliferation, replicative senescence, and differentiation. Mitochondrial dysfunction, either due to inheritance or sporadic causes, is an important component of the etiologies of many common diseases, from neurodegeneration to cancer, to metabolic syndrome. The maintenance of mitochondrial form and function is thus an important foundational element of human health. Over the past several decades, much has been learned about the proteins and pathways involved in making mitochondria, distributing them within the cell (and even between cells), regulating their dynamic interactions with each other and the endoplasmic reticulum, and ultimately removing faulty mitochondria via degradation processes. These proteins and pathways are all potential molecular targets for manipulating mitochondria. In this Special Issue, we focus specifically on natural products—those that are produced by, and can be isolated from, plants, microbes, and animals—that interact with mitochondria directly or via effects on gene expression.

We invite review articles that provide expert summaries of how specific natural products interact with mitochondria. We also invite original papers describing the discovery of new natural products targeting mitochondria or provide increased molecular detail regarding the mechanisms by which established natural products affect mitochondria. Finally, new tools and/or methodologies that increase our ability to measure mitochondrial function/dysfunction in this context are also very much welcomed. This is an exciting time in mitochondrial biology and in the discovery and characterization of new natural products, and we believe this will be reflected in this Special Issue.

Dr. Jeffrey Stuart
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioenergetics
  • mitochondrial dynamics
  • reactive oxygen species
  • metabolism
  • apoptosis
  • natural product
  • phytoestrogen
  • live cell imaging

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1049 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Resveratrol on Mitochondrial Function in Myoblasts of Patients with the Common m.3243A>G Mutation
by Leila Motlagh Scholle, Helena Schieffers, Samiya Al-Robaiy, Annemarie Thaele, Faramarz Dehghani, Diana Lehmann Urban and Stephan Zierz
Biomolecules 2020, 10(8), 1103; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10081103 - 24 Jul 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2356
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is essential for ATP-supply, especially in response to different cellular stressors. Increased mitochondrial biogenesis resulting from caloric restriction (CR) has been reported. Resveratrol (RSV) is believed to mimic the physiological effects of CR mainly via a sirtuin (SIRT) 1-dependent pathway. The [...] Read more.
Mitochondrial function is essential for ATP-supply, especially in response to different cellular stressors. Increased mitochondrial biogenesis resulting from caloric restriction (CR) has been reported. Resveratrol (RSV) is believed to mimic the physiological effects of CR mainly via a sirtuin (SIRT) 1-dependent pathway. The effect of RSV on the physiological function of mitochondrial respiratory complexes was evaluated using a Seahorse XF96. Myoblasts of five patients harboring the m.3243A>G mutation and five controls were analyzed. The relative expression of several genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis was evaluated for a better understanding of the coherent mechanisms. Additionally, media-dependent effects of nutritional compounds and hormonal restrictions (R) on myoblasts from patients and controls in the presence or absence of RSV were investigated. Culturing of myoblasts under these conditions led to an upregulation of almost all the investigated genes compared to normal nutrition. Under normal conditions, there was no positive effect of RSV on mitochondrial respiration in patients and controls. However, under restricted conditions, the respiratory factors measured by Seahorse were improved in the presence of RSV. Further studies are necessary to clarify the involved mechanisms and elucidate the controversial effects of resveratrol on SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products Targeting Mitochondria)
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