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Neurovascular Injury in Diabetic Retinopathy; Experimental Models, Pathophysiology and Potential...
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Neurovascular Injury in Diabetic Retinopathy; Experimental Models, Pathophysiology and Potential new Therapeutic Targets

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2021) | Viewed by 10246

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Mohamed Al-Shabrawey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departments of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Ophthalmology and The Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Denatl and Medical Colleges of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Interests: vascular biology; angiogenesis; neurodegenertion; diabetes; Inflammation; Bioactive lipids; Bone morphogenetic protein; Oxidative stress; Diabetic retinopathy; age-related macular degeneration

Special Issue Information

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized to be a major neurovascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of blindness among working adults worldwide that causes a significant socioeconomic burden. Despite advances in therapeutic interventions and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of DR, there is still an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets that may overcome the limitations of current therapies. This Special Issue aims to highlight the experimental models that are used to investigate the neurovascular injury and characterize the crosstalk between retinal neuronal and vascular cells in diabetic retinopathy, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms, and to underscore potential new therapeutic targets. This Special Issue can include 1) in vitro and/or in vivo models of neuronal injury or endothelial cell dysfunction, 2) molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuronal or vascular dysfunction in DR, and 3) potential therapeutic interventions (pharmacological, molecular or cellular approaches) that target neuronal and vascular alterations in DR.

Prof. Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Diabetic Retinopathy
  • Angiogenesis
  • Macular edema
  • Blood retinal barrier
  • Neurodegeneration
  • Inflammation
  • Oxidative stress
  • Glia cells
  • Microglia

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2421 KiB  
Article
Effects of Diabetes on Microcirculation and Leukostasis in Retinal and Non-Ocular Tissues: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy
by Ana Silva Herdade, Iara Mota Silva, Ângelo Calado, Carlota Saldanha, Ngan-Ha Nguyen, Isabella Hou, Miguel Castanho and Sayon Roy
Biomolecules 2020, 10(11), 1583; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10111583 - 21 Nov 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2245
Abstract
Changes in retinal microcirculation are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, it is unclear whether such changes also develop in capillary beds of other non-retinal tissues. Here, we investigated microcirculatory changes involving velocity of rolling neutrophils, adherence of neutrophils, and [...] Read more.
Changes in retinal microcirculation are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, it is unclear whether such changes also develop in capillary beds of other non-retinal tissues. Here, we investigated microcirculatory changes involving velocity of rolling neutrophils, adherence of neutrophils, and leukostasis during development of retinal vascular lesions in diabetes in other non-retinal tissues. Intravital microscopy was performed on post-capillary venules of cremaster muscle and ear lobe of mice with severe or moderate diabetes and compared to those of non-diabetic mice. Additionally, number and velocity of rolling leukocytes, number of adherent leukocytes, and areas of leukostasis were quantified, and retinal capillary networks were examined for acellular capillaries (AC) and pericyte loss (PL), two prominent vascular lesions characteristic of DR. The number of adherent neutrophils and areas of leukostasis in the cremaster and ear lobe post-capillary venules of diabetic mice was increased compared to those of non-diabetic mice. Similarly, a significant increase in the number of rolling neutrophils and decrease in their rolling velocities compared to those of non-diabetic control mice were observed and severity of diabetes exacerbated these changes. Understanding diabetes-induced microcirculatory changes in cremaster and ear lobe may provide insight into retinal vascular lesion development in DR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurovascular Injury in Diabetic Retinopathy; Experimental Models, Pathophysiology and Potential new Therapeutic Targets)
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Review

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12 pages, 923 KiB  
Review
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Diabetic Retinopathy
by Khaled Elmasry, Samar Habib, Mohamed Moustafa and Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
Biomolecules 2021, 11(4), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040593 - 18 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3178
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in bone formation and repair. Recent studies underscored their essential role in the normal development of several organs and vascular homeostasis in health and diseases. Elevated levels of BMPs have been linked to the development [...] Read more.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in bone formation and repair. Recent studies underscored their essential role in the normal development of several organs and vascular homeostasis in health and diseases. Elevated levels of BMPs have been linked to the development of cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. However, their particular role in the pathogenesis of microvascular dysfunction associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still under-investigated. Accumulated evidence from our and others’ studies suggests the involvement of BMP signaling in retinal inflammation, hyperpermeability and pathological neovascularization in DR and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Therefore, targeting BMP signaling in diabetes is proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy to halt the development of microvascular dysfunction in retinal diseases, particularly in DR. The goal of this review article is to discuss the biological functions of BMPs, their underlying mechanisms and their potential role in the pathogenesis of DR in particular. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurovascular Injury in Diabetic Retinopathy; Experimental Models, Pathophysiology and Potential new Therapeutic Targets)
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17 pages, 907 KiB  
Review
Acrolein: A Potential Mediator of Oxidative Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy
by Moaddey Alfarhan, Eissa Jafari and S. Priya Narayanan
Biomolecules 2020, 10(11), 1579; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10111579 - 20 Nov 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4292
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults. Extensive evidences have documented that oxidative stress mediates a critical role in the pathogenesis of DR. Acrolein, a product of polyamines oxidation and lipid peroxidation, has been demonstrated to be [...] Read more.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults. Extensive evidences have documented that oxidative stress mediates a critical role in the pathogenesis of DR. Acrolein, a product of polyamines oxidation and lipid peroxidation, has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Acrolein’s harmful effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, inflammation, ROS formation, protein adduction, membrane disruption, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent investigations have reported the involvement of acrolein in the pathogenesis of DR. These studies have shown a detrimental effect of acrolein on the retinal neurovascular unit under diabetic conditions. The current review summarizes the existing literature on the sources of acrolein, the impact of acrolein in the generation of oxidative damage in the diabetic retina, and the mechanisms of acrolein action in the pathogenesis of DR. The possible therapeutic interventions such as the use of polyamine oxidase inhibitors, agents with antioxidant properties, and acrolein scavengers to reduce acrolein toxicity are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurovascular Injury in Diabetic Retinopathy; Experimental Models, Pathophysiology and Potential new Therapeutic Targets)
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