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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Neuroimmune and Neuroglial Interactions in Health and Disease
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Neuroimmune and Neuroglial Interactions in Health and Disease

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2021) | Viewed by 17572

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luciana Frick

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
Interests: neuroimmune interactions in health and disease; neuroglia; cytokines; autoimmunity; neurological and psychiatric disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems require the cooperation of other cell types to function properly. It is now known that glial cells not only provide support to neurons but they also play critical roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of the nervous system. From the formation of myelin to synaptic pruning, glial cells are necessary for normal development. The immune system is also involved in brain function and cognition.

Neuroimmune and neuroglial interactions are disrupted in disease. Glial and immune cells can have a pathological role in some disorders. Nowadays it is becoming clearer that abnormal interactions may be a consequence of disease but can also be causative of the condition.

Our understanding of neuroimmune and neuroglial interactions is still limited, but it is constantly growing. In this Special Issue, we cover health and the pathophysiology of disease in topics such as neurodegeneration, demyelinating diseases, psychiatric disorders, and cancer.

Dr. Luciana Frick
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Microglia
  • Astrocytes
  • Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
  • Mast and satellite cells
  • Macrophages and monocytes
  • T cells (including the Th17 response)
  • Autoantibodies and autoimmunity
  • Cytokines and Chemokines
  • The Inflammasome and complement systems
  • Blood brain barrier
  • Gut microbiome
  • Neurotransmitters and hormones

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

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21 pages, 701 KiB  
Review
The Complement System in the Central Nervous System: From Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration
by Ying Chen, John Man Tak Chu, Raymond Chuen Chung Chang and Gordon Tin Chun Wong
Biomolecules 2022, 12(2), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12020337 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 9498
Abstract
The functions of the complement system to both innate and adaptive immunity through opsonization, cell lysis, and inflammatory activities are well known. In contrast, the role of complement in the central nervous system (CNS) which extends beyond immunity, is only beginning to be [...] Read more.
The functions of the complement system to both innate and adaptive immunity through opsonization, cell lysis, and inflammatory activities are well known. In contrast, the role of complement in the central nervous system (CNS) which extends beyond immunity, is only beginning to be recognized as important to neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration. In addition to protecting the brain against invasive pathogens, appropriate activation of the complement system is pivotal to the maintenance of normal brain function. Moreover, overactivation or dysregulation may cause synaptic dysfunction and promote excessive pro-inflammatory responses. Recent studies have provided insights into the various responses of complement components in different neurological diseases and the regulatory mechanisms involved in their pathophysiology, as well as a glimpse into targeting complement factors as a potential therapeutic modality. However, there remain significant knowledge gaps in the relationship between the complement system and different brain disorders. This review summarizes recent key findings regarding the role of different components of the complement system in health and pathology of the CNS and discusses the therapeutic potential of anti-complement strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroimmune and Neuroglial Interactions in Health and Disease)
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17 pages, 770 KiB  
Review
Lysosomal Functions in Glia Associated with Neurodegeneration
by Conlan Kreher, Jacob Favret, Malabika Maulik and Daesung Shin
Biomolecules 2021, 11(3), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030400 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4160
Abstract
Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain various acidic digestive enzymes. Despite their small size, they have multiple functions. Lysosomes remove or recycle unnecessary cell parts. They repair damaged cellular membranes by exocytosis. Lysosomes also sense cellular energy status and transmit signals to the [...] Read more.
Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain various acidic digestive enzymes. Despite their small size, they have multiple functions. Lysosomes remove or recycle unnecessary cell parts. They repair damaged cellular membranes by exocytosis. Lysosomes also sense cellular energy status and transmit signals to the nucleus. Glial cells are non-neuronal cells in the nervous system and have an active role in homeostatic support for neurons. In response to dynamic cues, glia use lysosomal pathways for the secretion and uptake of regulatory molecules, which affect the physiology of neighboring neurons. Therefore, functional aberration of glial lysosomes can trigger neuronal degeneration. Here, we review lysosomal functions in oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, with emphasis on neurodegeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroimmune and Neuroglial Interactions in Health and Disease)
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Other

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26 pages, 1644 KiB  
Perspective
Wrestling and Wrapping: A Perspective on SUMO Proteins in Schwann Cells
by Iman F. Fergani and Luciana R. Frick
Biomolecules 2021, 11(7), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11071055 - 19 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Schwann cell development and peripheral nerve myelination are finely orchestrated multistep processes; some of the underlying mechanisms are well described and others remain unknown. Many posttranslational modifications (PTMs) like phosphorylation and ubiquitination have been reported to play a role during the normal development [...] Read more.
Schwann cell development and peripheral nerve myelination are finely orchestrated multistep processes; some of the underlying mechanisms are well described and others remain unknown. Many posttranslational modifications (PTMs) like phosphorylation and ubiquitination have been reported to play a role during the normal development of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and in demyelinating neuropathies. However, a relatively novel PTM, SUMOylation, has not been studied in these contexts. SUMOylation involves the covalent attachment of one or more small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to a substrate, which affects the function, cellular localization, and further PTMs of the conjugated protein. SUMOylation also regulates other proteins indirectly by facilitating non-covalent protein–protein interaction via SUMO interaction motifs (SIM). This pathway has important consequences on diverse cellular processes, and dysregulation of this pathway has been reported in several diseases including neurological and degenerative conditions. In this article, we revise the scarce literature on SUMOylation in Schwann cells and the PNS, we propose putative substrate proteins, and we speculate on potential mechanisms underlying the possible involvement of this PTM in peripheral myelination and neuropathies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroimmune and Neuroglial Interactions in Health and Disease)
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