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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Agents
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Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Agents

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4416

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Benjamin Carone

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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular & Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
Interests: epigenetics; genomics; bioinformatics; antimicrobials
Dr. Gregory Caputo

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
Interests: biophysical chemistry; antimicrobials; peptide-lipid interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the current healthcare setting, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens continues to plague clinicians’ ability to effectively treat microbial infections. Owing to the limited availability of diverse antimicrobial compounds that target only a limited subset of microbial mechanisms, treatment options remain selective.  In this Special Issue, we aim to gather articles that utilize diverse chemical compounds and/or aim to target unique microbial mechanisms in order to enhance the understanding of the potential for novel antimicrobial agents. The compilation of articles in this Special Issue will bring together a varied collection of potential new avenues for the development of treatments for microbial pathogens in the clinical setting.

Dr. Benjamin Carone
Dr. Gregory Caputo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial agents
  • resistance
  • biofilm
  • antibiotics
  • treatment
  • infection

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1844 KiB  
Article
Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine
by Suvro Saha, Christine Boesch, Joanne Maycock, Simon Wood and Thuy Do
Biomolecules 2023, 13(11), 1607; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111607 - 02 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1078
Abstract
Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally in both children and adults. This study investigated the potential of industrial sweet orange waste extracts (ISOWE) as a substitute for chlorhexidine (CHX) in managing dental caries. First, the cytotoxicity of ISOWE [...] Read more.
Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally in both children and adults. This study investigated the potential of industrial sweet orange waste extracts (ISOWE) as a substitute for chlorhexidine (CHX) in managing dental caries. First, the cytotoxicity of ISOWE (40, 80, 120 mg/mL) and CHX (0.1 and 0.2%) on buccal epithelial cells was determined. ISOWE exhibited no overall toxicity, whereas CHX strongly affected cell viability. The combination of ISOWE and CHX significantly enhanced cell proliferation compared to CHX alone. Next, the antimicrobial efficacy of ISOWE, CHX, and their combination was assessed against a 7-day complex biofilm model inoculated with oral samples from human volunteers. CHX exhibited indiscriminate antimicrobial action, affecting both pathogenic and health-associated oral microorganisms. ISOWE demonstrated lower antimicrobial efficacy than CHX but showed enhanced efficacy against pathogenic species while preserving the oral microbiome’s balance. When applied to a cariogenic biofilm, the combined treatment of ISOWE with 0.1% CHX showed similar efficacy to 0.2% CHX treatment alone. Overall, the findings suggest that ISOWE is a promising natural anti-cariogenic agent with lower toxicity and enhanced selectivity for pathogenic species compared to CHX. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Agents)
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8 pages, 1200 KiB  
Communication
Tea Tree Essential Oil Kills Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis Persisters
by LeeAnn Nguyen, Brianna DeVico, Maliha Mannan, Matthew Chang, Cristina Rada Santacruz, Christopher Siragusa, Sydney Everhart and Christopher H. Fazen
Biomolecules 2023, 13(9), 1404; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13091404 - 18 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1862
Abstract
Persister cells are a small subpopulation of non-growing bacteria within a population that can survive long exposures to antibiotic treatment. Following antibiotic removal, persister cells can regrow and populate, playing a key role in the chronic reoccurrence of bacterial infections. The development of [...] Read more.
Persister cells are a small subpopulation of non-growing bacteria within a population that can survive long exposures to antibiotic treatment. Following antibiotic removal, persister cells can regrow and populate, playing a key role in the chronic reoccurrence of bacterial infections. The development of new molecules and methods to kill bacterial persisters is critical. Essential oils and other natural products have long been studied for their antimicrobial effects. Here, we studied the effectiveness of tea tree essential oil (TTO), a common component in many commercial care products, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis persister cells. Using biphasic kill curve assays, we found that concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% TTO for E. coli and S. epidermidis, respectively, completely eradicated persister cells over a period of 24 h, with the component terpinen-4-ol responsible for most of the killing. Using a colorimetric assay, it was determined that the TTO exhibited its anti-persister effects through a membrane disruption mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Agents)
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26 pages, 1524 KiB  
Article
Indole-3-Acetamido-Polyamines as Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Adjuvants
by Kenneth Sue, Melissa M. Cadelis, Evangelene S. Gill, Florent Rouvier, Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki, Jean Michel Brunel and Brent R. Copp
Biomolecules 2023, 13(8), 1226; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13081226 - 07 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1009
Abstract
The widespread incidence of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the discovery of new classes of antimicrobials as well as adjuvant molecules that can restore the action of ineffective antibiotics. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new class of indole-3-acetamido-polyamine conjugates that were evaluated for [...] Read more.
The widespread incidence of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the discovery of new classes of antimicrobials as well as adjuvant molecules that can restore the action of ineffective antibiotics. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new class of indole-3-acetamido-polyamine conjugates that were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against a panel of bacteria and two fungi, and for the ability to enhance the action of doxycycline against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and erythromycin against Escherichia coli. Compounds 14b, 15b, 17c, 18a, 18b, 18d, 19b, 19e, 20c and 20d exhibited strong growth inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Cryptococcus neoformans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) typically less than 0.2 µM. Four analogues, including a 5-bromo 15c and three 5-methoxyls 16d–f, also exhibited intrinsic activity towards E. coli. Antibiotic kill curve analysis of 15c identified it to be a bactericide. While only one derivative was found to (weakly) enhance the action of erythromycin against E. coli, three examples, including 15c, were found to be strong enhancers of the antibiotic action of doxycycline against P. aeruginosa. Collectively, these results highlight the promising potential of α,ω-disubstituted indole-3-acetamido polyamine conjugates as antimicrobials and antibiotic adjuvants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Agents)
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