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Biomolecules
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Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers...
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Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 22608

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Anna Kurzyńska-Kokorniak

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Guest Editor
Department of Ribonucleoprotein Biochemistry, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
Interests: Ribonuclease Dicer; RNA-binding proteins; regulatory RNAs; RNA-protein interactions; regulation of activity of Dicer-type ribonucleases; regulation of gene expression
Dr. Antonio Trincone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Comprensorio Olivetti, Edificio 70, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
Interests: biocatalysis; marine enzymes; marine glycosidases; marine biotechnology; oligosaccharides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 2019 International Conference on Biotechnology and Bioengineering (9th ICBB 2019) will be held in Poznan, Poland during 25–28 September 2019. The ICBB2019 is co-organized by the Asia-Pacific Association of Science, Engineering and Technology (APASET), the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences (IBCH PAS), the Adam Mickiewicz University (AMU), and the Chinese Journal of Biologicals (CJB).

The conference has been designed to present an innovative and comprehensive overview of biotechnology and bioengineering, and its focus on major research advances in microbiology, virology, cytology and immunology; biological macromolecules, proteins and nucleic acids; biomaterials, biopolymers and bioenergy; biomedicine, biopharmaceuticals, pharmacology and toxicology; agricultural, food and industrial biotechnology; applications in bioengineering, biomedical engineering and technology; and other related aspects.

More information about the conference can be found at https://www.icbb.ibch.poznan.pl/

Participants of the conference are cordially invited to contribute original research papers or reviews to this Special Issue of Biomolecules. We welcome submissions of previously unpublished original work on all aspects and applications of biomolecules.

Prof. Dr. Anna Kurzyńska-Kokorniak
Dr. Antonio Trincone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nucleic acids and proteins
  • lipids and membrane
  • natural products, bioactivity and biosynthesis
  • biosensors, biomarkers and nanobiotechnology
  • bioinformatics and systems biology
  • 3D structures and 3D cultures
  • disease mechanisms
  • high content/throughput screening

Published Papers (5 papers)

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15 pages, 16174 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea)
by Ilze Rubenina, Inese Gavarane, Elena Kirilova, Ligita Mezaraupe and Muza Kirjusina
Biomolecules 2021, 11(4), 598; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040598 - 18 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2301
Abstract
Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthrone dyes were prepared. One has [...] Read more.
Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthrone dyes were prepared. One has a strongly basic amidine group and a halogen atom, and the other has an amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Trematoda Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha is a liver fluke of a moose (Alces alces) and has a significant influence on the health and abundance of the moose population. Staining protocols for parasite P. fasciolaemorpha specific organ or organ systems imaging are mostly time-consuming and labor-intensive. The study aimed to compare the fixation technique and the staining protocol by synthesized benzanthrone luminescent dyes to determine detailed morphology, anatomical arrangement of the organ systems and gross organization of the muscle layers of P. fasciolaemorpha using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Luminophores were tested for samples fixed in different fixatives. Developed dyes and staining protocol resulting in imaging of all parts of trematode without additional sample preparation procedures, which usually are required for parasite examination. Obtained results confirmed that the most qualitative results could be reached using 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone dye which has amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Based on obtained results, 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone gave more qualitative parasite visualization than 2-bromo-3-N-(N′,N′-dimethylformamidino)benzanthrone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019)
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18 pages, 1665 KiB  
Article
Excretory/Secretory Metabolome of the Zoonotic Roundworm Parasite Toxocara canis
by Phurpa Wangchuk, Owen Lavers, David S. Wishart and Alex Loukas
Biomolecules 2020, 10(8), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10081157 - 06 Aug 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3318
Abstract
Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease affecting humans that is predominantly caused by Toxocara canis and T. cati, primarily parasites of dogs and cats, respectively. Toxocara generally establishes long-term infections by co-opting its host’s physiological processes, while at the same time exploiting the [...] Read more.
Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease affecting humans that is predominantly caused by Toxocara canis and T. cati, primarily parasites of dogs and cats, respectively. Toxocara generally establishes long-term infections by co-opting its host’s physiological processes, while at the same time exploiting the nutritional environment. Adult stage T. canis reside in the gut of the definitive canine host where they employ a suite of strategies to combat intestinal immune responses by actively producing and releasing excretory-secretory products (ESPs). The protein component of T. canis ESPs has been widely studied, but characterisation of the non-protein ESP complement remains neglected. To characterize the secreted metabolome of Toxocara ESPs and to shed light on the parasite’s metabolic processes, we profiled the ESPs of T. canis using both gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) mass spectrometry approaches. We successfully identified 61 small molecules, including 41 polar metabolites, 14 medium-long chain fatty acids (MLCFAs) and six short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We identified talose, stearic acid and isovalerate as the major compounds belonging to the polar, MLCFA and SCFA chemical classes, respectively. Most of the 61 identified metabolites appear to have been produced by T. canis via three distinct metabolic pathways - fatty acid, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. The majority of the identified ESPs have known biological properties, especially as immunomodulators. However, there is limited/no information on the biological roles or applications of 31 ESP biomolecules, suggesting that these may have novel activities that merit further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019)
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16 pages, 1495 KiB  
Article
The Genoprotective Role of Naringin
by Oskar Szczepaniak, Marta Ligaj, Joanna Kobus-Cisowska, Mariusz Tichoniuk, Marcin Dziedziński, Monika Przeor and Piotr Szulc
Biomolecules 2020, 10(5), 700; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10050700 - 30 Apr 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2926
Abstract
Since ancient times, fruits and edible plants have played a special role in the human diet for enhancing health and maintaining youthfulness. The aim of our work was to determine the interactions between naringin, a natural ingredient of grapefruits, and DNA using an [...] Read more.
Since ancient times, fruits and edible plants have played a special role in the human diet for enhancing health and maintaining youthfulness. The aim of our work was to determine the interactions between naringin, a natural ingredient of grapefruits, and DNA using an electrochemical biosensor. Electrochemical methods allow analyzing the damages occurring in the structure of nucleic acids and their interactions with xenobiotics. Our study showed that the changes in the location of electrochemical signals and their intensity resulted from the structural alterations in DNA. The signal of adenine was affected at lower concentrations of naringin, but the signal of guanine was unaffected in the same condition. The dynamics of changes occurring in the peak height and surface of adenine related to naringin concentration was also significantly lower. The complete binding of all adenine bases present in the tested double-stranded DNA solution was observed at naringin concentrations ranging from 8.5 to 10.0 µM. At larger concentrations, this active compound exerted an oxidizing effect on DNA. However, the critical concentrations of naringin were found to be more than twice as high as the dose absorbable in an average human (4 µM). The results of our work might be helpful in the construction of electrochemical sensors for testing the content of polyphenols and would allow determining their genoprotective functionality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019)
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16 pages, 2099 KiB  
Article
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) Renders Alkalinizing Properties and Its Urinary Metabolic Markers of MSG Consumption in Rats
by Kanokwan Nahok, Jia V. Li, Jutarop Phetcharaburanin, Hasina Abdul, Chaisiri Wongkham, Raynoo Thanan, Atit Silsirivanit, Sirirat Anutrakulchai, Carlo Selmi and Ubon Cha’on
Biomolecules 2019, 9(10), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100542 - 27 Sep 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6061
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a flavor enhancer and its effects on human health are still debated. We aimed to investigate whether MSG can act as alkalinizing agent in murine models and if its metabolites are biomarkers of MSG consumption. For [...] Read more.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a flavor enhancer and its effects on human health are still debated. We aimed to investigate whether MSG can act as alkalinizing agent in murine models and if its metabolites are biomarkers of MSG consumption. For this purpose, adult male Wistar rats were given water added with 1 g% MSG or three types of control water, including sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). At 14 days, urinary pH, electrolytes, urinary metabolites and ion-exchanger gene expression were determined. The results revealed that MSG-treated rats had significantly more alkaline urine and higher levels of urinary sodium and bicarbonate similar to NaHCO3 controls. These changes correlated with a lower expression of ion-exchanger genes, namely, CAII, NBC1, and AE1, which are involved in bicarbonate kidney reabsorption. The urinary metabolic profiles also revealed similar patterns for the MSG and NaHCO3 groups. In conclusion, MSG exhibits similar properties to NaHCO3, an alkalinizing agent, with regard to inducing alkaline urine, reducing bicarbonate kidney reabsorption, and generating a specific urinary metabolic pattern. We believe that these observations will be useful to further study the MSG effects in humans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019)
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21 pages, 2360 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of the NKG2D Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
by Jian Wang, Cun-Di Li and Lin Sun
Biomolecules 2020, 10(2), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10020301 - 14 Feb 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6607
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignant tumor with high mortality. Its malignant proliferation, invasion, and metastasis are closely related to the cellular immune function of the patients. NKG2D is a key activated and type II membrane protein molecule expressed on the surface of [...] Read more.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignant tumor with high mortality. Its malignant proliferation, invasion, and metastasis are closely related to the cellular immune function of the patients. NKG2D is a key activated and type II membrane protein molecule expressed on the surface of almost all NK cells. The human NKG2D gene is 270 kb long, located at 12p12.3–p13.1, and contains 10 exons and 9 introns. The three-dimensional structure of the NKG2D monomeric protein contains two alpha-helices, two beta-lamellae, and four disulfide bonds, and its’ signal of activation is transmitted mainly by the adaptor protein (DAP). NKG2D ligands, including MICA, MICB, and ULBPs, can be widely expressed in hepatoma cells. After a combination of NKG2D and DAP10 in the form of homologous two polymers, the YxxM motif in the cytoplasm is phosphorylated and then signaling pathways are also gradually activated, such as PI3K, PLCγ2, JNK-cJunN, and others. Activated NK cells can enhance the sensitivity to hepatoma cells and specifically dissolve by releasing a variety of cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ), perforin, and high expression of FasL, CD16, and TRAIL. NK cells may specifically bind to the over-expressed MICA, MICB, and ULBPs of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the surface activating receptor NKG2D, which can help to accurately identify hepatoma, play a critical role in anti-hepatoma via the pathway of cytotoxic effects, and obviously delay the poor progress of hepatocellular carcinoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecules in Complex Biological and Biochemical Systems – Selected Papers from ICBB2019)
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