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Oxygen, Volume 4, Issue 2 (June 2024) – 3 articles

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14 pages, 704 KiB  
Review
Hyperbaric Oxygen in Otorhinolaryngology: Current Concepts in Management and Therapy
by Andrea Collettini, Federica Zoccali, Christian Barbato and Antonio Minni
Oxygen 2024, 4(2), 150-163; https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen4020010 (registering DOI) - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 124
Abstract
Background: In otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, oxygen is a therapeutic tool used for various pathologies. Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of free radicals (ROS) and the antioxidant capacity of the body, which can represent the pathogenesis of several [...] Read more.
Background: In otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, oxygen is a therapeutic tool used for various pathologies. Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of free radicals (ROS) and the antioxidant capacity of the body, which can represent the pathogenesis of several pathologies or contribute to their worsening. This narrative review aims to analyze the benefits, indications, and side effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in different head and neck disorders. Methods: The search was carried out on multiple electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, and prospective, randomized, and reviewed studies were analyzed from January 1982 to February 2024. Results and Conclusions: The most common tools used to manage oxidative stress in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) field are continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and HBOT. A common ENT pathology, while the latter can be used for osteoradionecrosis treatment in head and neck cancer patients, infections, malignant external otitis, head and neck reconstruction, facial cosmetic surgery, and among patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. From our analysis, it emerged that HBOT is a currently used effective therapy in various ENT pathologies’ treatment, alone or in association with other treatments; it can guarantee functional recovery and healing depending on the type of pathology for which it is used and on its severity. Full article
11 pages, 1184 KiB  
Review
Propranolol Hydrochloride Psychiatric Effectiveness and Oxidative Stress: An Update
by Raphaël Serreau, Ammar Amirouche, Amine Benyamina and Sabine Berteina-Raboin
Oxygen 2024, 4(2), 139-149; https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen4020009 - 23 Apr 2024
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Abstract
In this review, in addition to the potential cardiovascular applications of β-blockers and, more specifically, propranolol, we wanted to list the more recent applications in psychiatry as well as current knowledge on the impact of oxidative stress on propranolol hydrochloride and the oxidative [...] Read more.
In this review, in addition to the potential cardiovascular applications of β-blockers and, more specifically, propranolol, we wanted to list the more recent applications in psychiatry as well as current knowledge on the impact of oxidative stress on propranolol hydrochloride and the oxidative stress that could be limited by the latter. In fact, a number of studies show that this molecule is modified by oxidative stress but is also able to limit it. Mention is also made to studies on the increasingly important problem of eliminating drug waste and its impact on the environment, particularly the marine environment. Given the increase in the consumption of medicines, more rigorous waste management is needed to avoid impacting biodiversity. Full article
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17 pages, 644 KiB  
Review
Energy Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer: The Role of Coenzyme Q10
by David Mantle, Hannah Rowbottom, Jacob Jones, Indiia Margarita Potts, Nadia Turton, Mollie Dewsbury, Guillermo Lopez-Lluch and Iain P. Hargreaves
Oxygen 2024, 4(2), 122-138; https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen4020008 - 11 Apr 2024
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Abstract
The generation of energy within cells is a fundamental process enabling cell survival, and as such it represents a potential target in cancer therapy. In this article, we therefore review the relative contributions of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial function to cancer cell energy [...] Read more.
The generation of energy within cells is a fundamental process enabling cell survival, and as such it represents a potential target in cancer therapy. In this article, we therefore review the relative contributions of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial function to cancer cell energy generation, and we highlight their respective potential value as chemotherapeutic targets. This article is particularly focussed on the potential role of coenzyme Q10 in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Full article
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