The Importance of Neutrophils in Osteoarthritis: Current Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Osteoarthritis
2.1. Osteoarthritis Epidemiology in Human
2.2. Pathogenesis
3. Involvement of Neutrophils in the Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis
3.1. Immune Cells in Joint Injury and Repair
3.2. Trafficking of Circulating Blood Neutrophils to the Synovial Cavity
3.3. Neutrophil-Derived Cytokines, Chemokines, and Enzymes
3.4. Neutrophil Elastase
3.5. MicroRNAs Expression by Neutrophils
3.6. Neutrophils in Cartilage Degradation
3.7. Synovium, Cartilage, Subchondral Bone, and Innate Immunity
4. Neutrophil Biology, Recruitment, and Function in Inflammation
4.1. Neutrophil Life Cycle (Neutrophil Mobilization, Clearance, and Circulation)
4.2. Neutrophils in Acute and Chronic Inflammation
4.3. Neutrophil Crosstalk/Interaction with Other Circulation Cells (Platelets, Adaptative Immune Cells, Monocytes/Macrophages)
4.4. Neutrophil Heterogeneity in Chronic Inflammation
4.5. New Insights into NET in Inflammation
5. Neutrophils as a Target for Osteoarthritis Treatment
5.1. NSAIDs, Glucocorticoids, and Hyaluronic Acid
5.2. Anti-Cytokine Strategies
5.2.1. TNF-α Blockers
5.2.2. IL-1 and IL-6 Inhibitors
5.3. Recombinant IL-37
5.4. miRNA Modulation
5.5. NE and NET Inhibition
5.6. G-CSF Receptor Blockers
5.7. Biologic Therapy
5.8. Regenerative Medicine
5.9. Nanomedical Approaches in Osteoarthritis
Drug Delivery
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mehrani, Y.; Rahimi Junqani, R.; Morovati, S.; Mehrani, H.; Karimi, N.; Ghasemi, S. The Importance of Neutrophils in Osteoarthritis: Current Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives. Immuno 2023, 3, 250-272. https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno3030017
Mehrani Y, Rahimi Junqani R, Morovati S, Mehrani H, Karimi N, Ghasemi S. The Importance of Neutrophils in Osteoarthritis: Current Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives. Immuno. 2023; 3(3):250-272. https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno3030017
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehrani, Yeganeh, Rasool Rahimi Junqani, Solmaz Morovati, Hossein Mehrani, Negar Karimi, and Samaneh Ghasemi. 2023. "The Importance of Neutrophils in Osteoarthritis: Current Concepts and Therapeutic Perspectives" Immuno 3, no. 3: 250-272. https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno3030017