Contamination of Brush Seals by Oil and Salt and Its Impact on Rubbing and Hysteresis Behaviour
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Brush Seal Test Rig
2.2. Evaluation Method
2.3. Investigated Seals
2.3.1. Treatment of Contaminated Seals
2.3.2. Evaluation of the Treatment
2.4. Test Parameters
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Generation and Distribution of Rubbing Heat
3.2. Results Seal S
- The total power loss and the rotor heat input increase until the second repeat measurement.
- This increase can be observed again every fourth measurement.
3.3. Results Seal O
3.4. Comparison of Stamp Measurement and Rub Tests
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
A | Gap area between back plate and rotor |
b | Bristle pack width |
Discharge coefficient | |
Bristle diameter | |
Bore hole diameter | |
Seal inner diameter | |
h | Heat transfer coefficient |
Mass flow through brush seal | |
Idealized, inviscid gap flow | |
p | Pressure |
R | Specific gas constant |
Radial distance of bore hole to rotor surface | |
Axial distance of package to back plate | |
Axial position of heat impact | |
Depth of the bore hole | |
T | Temperature |
u | Circumferential velocity |
Greek Symbols | |
Heat capacity ratio | |
Laying angle | |
Packing density | |
Subscripts | |
in | Inlet |
out | Outlet |
t | Total |
Abbreviations | |
ITS | Institut für Thermische Strömungsmaschinen (engl.: Institute of Thermal Turbomachinery) |
FEA | Finite element analysis |
KCl | Potassium chloride |
NaCl | Sodium chloride |
O | Oil |
S | Salt |
TC | Thermocouple |
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Parameter | Seal O(il) | Seal S(alt) |
---|---|---|
seal inner diameter () | 300 | |
laying angle () | 45 | |
bristle diameter () | 0.10 | |
packing density (Bpmm) | 140 | |
back plate inner diameter | Identical | |
nominal bristle pack width b () | 2.97 | |
bristles material | Haynes 25 | |
ax. dist. package to back plate () | 0.00 | 0.63 |
Contamination medium | Turbine oil | Salt mixture |
Run | Seal O | Seal O | Seal S |
---|---|---|---|
(0.1 mm Interference) | (0.2 mm Interference) | (0.3 mm Interference) | |
1 | 11.26 ± 1.19 | 14.61 ± 1.65 | 5.66 ± 3.54 |
2 | 4.30 ± 0.54 | 5.43 ± 0.93 | 2.33 ± 0.71 |
3 | 3.80 ± 0.62 | 4.70 ± 0.89 | 2.17 ± 0.61 |
4 | 3.46 ±0.44 | 4.30 ± 0.69 | 2.07 ± 0.56 |
5 | 3.36 ± 0.42 | 4.07 ± 0.65 | 2.03 ± 0.52 |
6 | 3.31 ± 0.48 | 3.93 ± 0.63 | 1.99 ± 0.52 |
7 | 2.94 ± 0.20 | 3.61 ± 0.37 | 1.96 ± 0.51 |
8 | 2.86 ± 0.18 | 3.47 ± 0.28 | 1.94 ± 0.47 |
9 | 2.79 ± 0.17 | 3.36 ± 0.27 | 1.94 ± 0.48 |
10 | 2.69 ± 0.18 | 3.26 ± 0.26 | 1.92 ± 0.47 |
11 | 2.60 ± 0.18 | 3.23 ± 0.17 | 2.06 ± 0.46 |
12 | 2.60 ± 0.16 | 3.20 ± 0.09 | 2.06 ± 0.46 |
13 | 2.57 ± 0.16 | 3.14 ± 0.11 | 2.03 ± 0.44 |
14 | 2.52 ± 0.20 | 3.08 ± 0.11 | 2.02 ± 0.44 |
15 | 2.52 ± 0.12 | 3.06 ± 0.11 | 2.04 ± 0.46 |
Parameter | ||
---|---|---|
pressure difference () | Measurement accuracies | |
total frictional power loss (-) | ||
rotor–seal interference () | Repeat accuracies |
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Hildebrandt, M.; Schwitzke, C.; Bauer, H.-J. Contamination of Brush Seals by Oil and Salt and Its Impact on Rubbing and Hysteresis Behaviour. Int. J. Turbomach. Propuls. Power 2019, 4, 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp4040040
Hildebrandt M, Schwitzke C, Bauer H-J. Contamination of Brush Seals by Oil and Salt and Its Impact on Rubbing and Hysteresis Behaviour. International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power. 2019; 4(4):40. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp4040040
Chicago/Turabian StyleHildebrandt, Manuel, Corina Schwitzke, and Hans-Jörg Bauer. 2019. "Contamination of Brush Seals by Oil and Salt and Its Impact on Rubbing and Hysteresis Behaviour" International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 4, no. 4: 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp4040040