The BosWash Infrastructure Biome and Energy System Succession
Abstract
:1. Introduction—The BosWash Corridor
1.1. The BosWash Infrastructure Biome
1.2. Political Ecology of the Infrastructure Biome
1.3. The Natural Gas Case Study
2. Materials and Methods
- Develop baseline data of the physical state of the natural gas infrastructure;
- Analyze urban demographics that are associated with natural gas utilities;
- Contextualize energy transition within the various state/city CAP targets.
2.1. Area of Study
2.2. Physical State of Pipeline Infrastructure
2.3. Social Vulnerability across the Region
2.4. State and City Climate Action Plans
3. Results & Discussion
3.1. The Physical Context—Natural Gas Infrastructure
3.2. Regional Social Vulnerability
3.3. Policy Context across the BosWash Corridor
City | 2020 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2025 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2030 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2040 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2050 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portland, ME, USA | 20% | 30% | 40% | 60% | TARGET 80% (2017 baseline) |
Manchester, NH, USA | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Burlington, VT, USA | 5% | TARGET 10% (2010 baseline) | -- | -- | -- |
Boston, MA, USA | 25% | 37.5% | 50% | 75% | TARGET Carbon neutral |
Providence, RI, USA | 25% | 37.5% | 50% | 75% | TARGET Carbon neutral |
Bridgeport, CT, USA | TARGET 10% (1990 baseline) | -- | -- | -- | -- |
New York City, NY, USA | 25% | 37.5% | 50% | 75% | TARGET Carbon neutral |
Newark, NJ, USA | 20% | TARGET 26–28% (2006 baseline) | -- | -- | -- |
Philadelphia, PA, USA | 20% | 30% | 40% | 60% | TARGET 80% (2006 baseline) |
Wilmington, DE, USA | 13.3% | 19.96% | 26.6% | TARGET 40% (2008 baseline) | -- |
Baltimore, MD, USA | 15% | TARGET 30% (2007 baseline) | TARGET 60% (2007 baseline) | TARGET 100% (2007 baseline) | -- |
Virginia Beach, VA, USA | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Washington DC, USA | 26.6% | 53.3% | TARGET 80% (2006 baseline) |
4. Policy Recommendations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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State, USA | Most Populous City |
---|---|
ME | Portland, ME |
NH | Manchester, NH |
VT | Burlington, VT |
MA | Boston, MA |
RI | Providence, RI |
CT | Bridgeport, CT |
NY | New York City, NY |
NJ | Newark, NJ |
PA | Philadelphia, PA |
MD | Baltimore, MD |
DE | Wilmington, DE |
VA | Virginia Beach, VA |
-- | Washington, DC |
State | State Pipelines (miles) | Total # of Grade 2 Leaks | LAUF (% of Total Consumption) | Leak-Prone Pipe (miles) | Leak-Prone Pipe (% of Total Miles) | Pipelines Constructed Prior to 1970 (miles) | Pipelines Constructured Prior to 1970 (% of Total Miles) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NY, USA | 49,602 | 10,761 | 0.7 | 7577 | 15.3 | 18,093 | 36.5 |
PA, USA | 48,651 | 10,567 | 3.9 | 8,286 | 17.0 | 15,594 | 32.1 |
NJ, USA | 35,604 | 3871 | 0.8 | 3824 | 10.7 | 9932 | 27.9 |
VA, USA | 22,133 | 2544 | 2.2 | 590 | 2.7 | 3790 | 17.1 |
MA, USA | 21,800 | 8983 | −3.2 | 3934 | 18.0 | 7596 | 34.8 |
MD, USA | 15,266 | 4595 | 4.6 | 1239 | 8.1 | 4770 | 31.2 |
CT, USA | 8355 | 1212 | 1.8 | 1289 | 15.4 | 2841 | 34.0 |
DE, USA | 3295 | 246 | 4.3 | 59 | 1.8 | 626 | 19.0 |
RI, USA | 3204 | 743 | 1.5 | 855 | 26.6 | 1017 | 31.8 |
NH, USA | 2006 | 22 | 0.3 | 49 | 2.4 | 325 | 16.2 |
ME, USA | 1382 | 122 | 0.4 | 25 | 1.8 | 154 | 11.1 |
VT, USA | 868 | 13 | −0.9 | 0 | 0 | 72 | 8.3 |
Washington DC, USA | 1221 | 867 | 2.1 | 430 | 35.2 | 690 | 56.5 |
BosWash Corridor | 213,387 | 44,747 | 28,157 | 13.2 | 65,499 | 30.7 |
State | % Leak-Prone Infrastructure | 2025 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2030 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2040 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2045 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target | 2050 Progress to Reach GHG Emission Reduction Target |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ME, USA | 1.8 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (1990 baseline) |
NH, USA | 2.4 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (1990 baseline) |
VT, USA | 0 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (1990 baseline) |
MA, USA | 18.0 | 16.65% | 33.3% | 66.6% | 83.25% | TARGET Net-zero GHG |
RI, USA | 26.6 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (1990 baseline) |
CT, USA | 15.4 | 22.5% | TARGET 45% (2001 baseline) | -- | -- | -- |
NY, USA | 15.3 | 35% | TARGET 70% (1990 baseline)–drafted | -- | -- | -- |
NJ, USA | 10.7 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (2006 baseline) |
PA, USA | 17.0 | 13.3% | 26.6% | 53.3% | 66.6% | TARGET 80% (2005 baseline) |
DE, USA | 1.8 | TARGET–28% (2005 baseline) | -- | -- | -- | -- |
MD, USA | 8.1 | 25% | TARGET–50% (2006 baseline) | -- | -- | -- |
VA, USA | 2.7 | 20% | 40% | 80% | TARGET Net-zero GHG |
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Wright, J.; Ackley, R.; Gopal, S.; Phillips, N. The BosWash Infrastructure Biome and Energy System Succession. Infrastructures 2022, 7, 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7070095
Wright J, Ackley R, Gopal S, Phillips N. The BosWash Infrastructure Biome and Energy System Succession. Infrastructures. 2022; 7(7):95. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7070095
Chicago/Turabian StyleWright, Jessica, Robert Ackley, Sucharita Gopal, and Nathan Phillips. 2022. "The BosWash Infrastructure Biome and Energy System Succession" Infrastructures 7, no. 7: 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7070095