How Do Cartilage Lubrication Mechanisms Fail in Osteoarthritis? A Comprehensive Review

I am a Postgraduate Researcher at the University of Leeds, actively involved in research activities. Prior to this, I completed my master's degree through the renowned Erasmus Mundus joint program, specializing in Tribology, and earned my Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering from VTU in Belgaum, India. Additionally, I manage and write articles for Tribonet.

Maisoon Al-Jawad is a Professor of Biological Physics and Biomineralisation in the School of Dentistry at the University of Leeds carrying out internationally recognized research in the highly interdisciplinary research fields of biomineralization and biomimetic materials, working at the interface of physics, materials, biology, biomedicine, and dentistry. Before this, she was a Senior Lecturer at Queen Mary University of London (2009–2019). She held an EPSRC Life Science Interface Fellowship at the University of Leeds (2006–2009), having obtained her B.Sc. and Ph.D. from the School of Physics and Astronomy at Leeds (2005). She is a world-leading expert in understanding the physicochemical processes and spatial and temporal structural changes that occur during dental enamel biomineralization, demineralization, and remineralization. Specifically, her expertise lies in combining in-house biophysical techniques with the use of international advanced science facilities (synchrotron and neutron scattering techniques) to drive forward people's understanding of hard tissue structures at multiple length scales and interactions at protein–mineral interfaces to enable translation of oral and musculoskeletal sciences to innovative clinical applications.

Richard M Hall is a Professor of Biomechanical and Oncological Engineering at the University of Birmingham within the School of Engineering. He has an undergraduate degree in Physics and was awarded a Ph.D. from the University of Lancaster. He is also a member of the Institute of Physics and a Chartered Physicist. His interests are related to bone disease or trauma, the spine, and/or joint arthroplasty, which is the total or partial replacement of the joint. Increasingly, alternative strategies are being used in arthroplasty to augment natural tissues in an attempt to delay the replacement procedure. As well as investigating new types of interventions, he is an advocate of the development of novel testing methodologies that allow for a more realistic assessment of the proposed intervention akin to how the device would be used in the real world.

Hemant Pandit is a Professor at Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK. He has pursued a career in translational research in orthopaedics, having previously worked in Oxford for 16 years, and he is particularly interested in hip and knee arthroplasty. He also holds the title of Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Oxford. He completed his DPhil in knee kinematics and was the first to describe the problems associated with metal-on-metal hips (pseudotumors). His contributions in the fields of arthroplasty, enhanced peri-operative recovery, teaching, and training medics and paramedics are well recognized. He has also made a significant contribution towards teaching and capacity building in the low-/middle-income countries of Asia and Africa. He is keen to expand his research in the fields of translational and basic science research in musculoskeletal sciences and surrogate measures, including implantable and wearable sensors, kinematics and RSA, biomedical engineering, pain management, and international health, with a particular reference to MSK issues in the low-/middle-income countries and patient outcome measures.

Dr. Reem El-Gendy graduated from Cairo University and earned her MDS in Oral Biology and Pathology at Suez Canal University, Egypt. She was awarded her Ph.D. in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine from the School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, in January 2011. She is currently a Lecturer of Oral Biosciences at the Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds. Her research focus is stem cell-based regenerative therapies in health and disease. Her growing recent research interest is in the development of alternative antimicrobial biomaterials for regenerative therapeutic applications to tackle the global antimicrobial resistance challenge. Dr. El-Gendy has many well-cited journal publications, is a reviewer for several international journals, was an Associate Editor for the Journal of Frontiers in Medical Technologies, and is a Reviewing Editor for Frontiers in Dentistry and Frontiers in Gene and Cell therapy. She is a member of the International Association of Dental Research (IADR), the Tissue and Cell Engineering Society (TCES), and the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society (TERMIS), and is the Chair of the Mineralised Tissue Research Group at the British Society of Oral and Dental Research.

Michael Bryant is a Professor and Chair of Tribology and Corrosion Engineering at the School of Engineering, University of Birmingham. He is also a Chartered Engineer (CEng); a Member of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining; and a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy. He earned his BEng (Hons) and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Leeds in 2010 and 2013, respectively. He is also a current Researcher in Residence Fellow at the Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Sheffield, and was awarded the IMechE Duncan Dowson Prize and the Sir Thomas Hawksley gold medal in 2018. His research focuses on multi-scale aspects of tribology, materials characterization (engineering and natural materials) and mechano-chemical interactions of materials interfaces used particularly for, but not limited to, biomedical applications.