Highly Efficient Double-Layer Diffraction Microstructures Based on New Plastics and Molded Glasses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Method
3. Results of the Study of Single-Relief Microstructures
4. Results of the Study of Double-Relief Microstructures
5. Discussion
- Everything we could find about CMT plastic is included in this paper. The abbreviation CMT is also taken from the internet. The dispersion formula of this plastic is almost ideal for a plastic two-layer single-relief microstructure. Moreover, we hope that the developers of this plastic, having read our paper, will receive an additional incentive to continue working on it.
- As follows from Table 1 and Table 2, in the overwhelming majority of cases, at the same P, the smallest angle Ψ corresponds to microstructures with the greatest relief depth, while the maximum angle of incidence Ψ corresponds to microstructures with the smallest relief depth. One of the reasons for this phenomenon is the screening of radiation by vertical surfaces of the relief at an oblique incidence of radiation. The effect will be greater when the relief is deeper, and this will lead to a smaller maximum allowable angle Ψ.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Flores, A. Achromatic hybrid refractive-diffractive lens with extended depth of focus. Appl. Opt. 2004, 43, 5618–5630. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Ezhov, E.G.; Levin, I.A.; Stepanov, S.A. Design of achromatic and apochromatic plastic microobjectives. Appl. Opt. 2010, 49, 4379–4384. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jia, H. Design of compact projection lenses using double-layered diffractive optical elements. J. Soc. Inf. Disp. 2011, 19, 265–270. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Ezhov, E.G.; Kalashnikov, A.V.; Stepanov, S.A. Diffractive-refractive correction units for plastic compact zoom lenses. Appl. Opt. 2012, 51, 4597–4604. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mao, S.; Zhao, J. Design and analysis of a hybrid optical system containing a multilayer diffractive optical element with improved diffraction efficiency. Appl. Opt. 2020, 59, 5888–5895. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Plastic Hybrid Aspheric Lenses. Available online: http://www.edmundoptics.com/optics/optical-lenses/aspheric-lenses/plastic-hybrid-aspheric-lenses/3200 (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Nakamura, T.; Suzuki, K.; Inokuchi, Y.; Nishimura, S. Fundamental properties of broadband dual-contact diffractive optical elements. Opt. Eng. 2019, 58, 085103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, H.; Xue, C.; Xiao, J.; Chen, J. Glued diffraction optical elements with broadband and a large field of view. Appl. Opt. 2020, 59, 10217–10223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lukin, A.V.; Mustafin, K.S.; Rafikov, R.A. The Hologram Optical. Element. Patent No. RF 1271240, 10 May 1996. [Google Scholar]
- Ebstein, S.T. Achromatic diffractive optical elements. Proc. SPIE 1995, 2404, 211–216. [Google Scholar]
- Kleemann, B.H.; Seeßelberg, M.; Ruoff, J. Design concepts for broadband high-efficiency DOE. J. Eur. Opt. Soc. Rapid Publ. 2008, 3, 08015. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Yang, H.; Xue, C.; Xiao, J.; Chen, J. Diffraction optical elements with broadband and large incident angles. Proc. SPIE 2020. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, H.; Xue, C. Sensitivity of diffraction efficiency to period width errors for multilayer diffractive optical elements. Appl. Opt. 2018, 57, 855–860. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Moharam, M.G.; Gaylord, T.K. Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of planar-grating diffraction. J. Opt. Soc. 1981, 71, 811–818. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Danilov, V.A.; Ezhov, E.G.; Levin, I.A.; Stepanov, S.A.; Usievich, B.A. Comparison of electromagnetic and scalar methods for evaluation of efficiency of diffractive lenses for wide spectral bandwidth. Opt. Commun. 2015, 338, 54–57. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Ezhov, E.G.; Stepanov, S.A.; Danilov, V.A.; Usievich, B.A. Spectral and angular dependences of the efficiency of diffraction lenses with a dual-relief and two-layer microstructure. J. Opt. Technol. 2015, 82, 308–311. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Ezhov, E.G.; Antonov, A.I.; Danilov, V.A.; Usievich, B.A. Potential opportunities of sawtooth diffraction microstructure with two layers and single relief. J. Opt. 2020, 22, 085604. [Google Scholar]
- Lyndin, N.M. Modal and C Methods Grating Design and Analysis Software. Available online: http://www.mcgrating.com (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Zemax. Available online: https://www.zemax.com/products/opticstudio (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical. Available online: http://www.mgc.co.jp/eng/products/kc/iupizeta_ep.html (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Greisukh, G.I.; Danilov, V.A.; Antonov, A.I.; Stepanov, S.A.; Usievich, B.A. Spectral and angular dependence of the efficiency of a two-layer and single-relief sawtooth microstructure. Comput. Opt. 2018, 42, 37–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- HOYA Group Optics Division. Glass Molded Lenses. Available online: http://www.hoya-opticalworld.com/english/datadownload/index.html (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Refractive Index Database. Available online: https://refractiveindex.info/?shelf=glass&book=CDGM-LAF&page=D-LAF82L (accessed on 28 June 2021).
- Werdehausen, D.; Burger, S.; Staude, I.; Pertsch, T.; Decker, M. Dispersion-engineered nanocomposites enable achromatic diffractive optical elements. Optica 2019, 6, 1031–1038. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lukin, A.V. Holographic optical elements. J. Opt. Technol. 2007, 74, 65–70. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greisukh, G.I.; Ezhov, E.G.; Stepanov, S.A. Select of materials for achromatization of the relief-phase diffraction structures. Comput. Opt. 2008, 32, 43–46. [Google Scholar]
- Yang, H.; Xue, C.; Li, C.; Wang, J. Optimal design of multilayer diffractive optical elements with effective area method. Appl. Opt. 2016, 55, 1675–1682. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
No. | Optical Materials | Refractive Indices of the Materials | Abbe Number of the Materials | Optimal Relief Depth hopt, μm | Limiting Angle of Incidence ψ, Deg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | AL-6263/ M-LAC8 | 1.631926/ 1.713001 | 23.3281/ 53.9383 | 7.390 7.340 7.290 | 14.5 at P = 10; 18.5 at P = 20; 21.5 at P = 30 |
2 | CMT/K26R | 1.514003/ 1.535011 | 38.8168/ 55.6341 | 28.130 27.740 27.440 | 12.0 at P = 10; 19.0 at P = 20; 23.0 at P = 30 |
3 | CMT/F52R | 1.514003/ 1.534611 | 38.8168/ 56.0721 | 28.755 28.340 27.950 | 13.0 at P = 10; 20.0 at P = 20; 24.5 at P = 30 |
4 | EP7000/ D-LAF82L | 1.651006/ 1.734852 | 21.4946/ 48.7823 | 7.145 7.085 7.045 | 15.5 at P = 10; 20.0 at P = 20; 22.5 at P = 30 |
5 | Nanocomposite: ITO in PMMA/ diamond in PMMA | 1.604429/ 1.771782 | 10.0150/ 58.8174 | 3.200 | 32.4 at P = 10; 40.5 at P = 20; 44.5 at P = 30 |
No. | Optical Materials | Refractive Indices of the Materials | Abbe Number of the Materials | Optimal Relief Depths, μm | Limiting Angle of Incidence ψ, Deg | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
h1 | h2 | |||||
1 | PMMA/ POLYCARB | 1.491756/ 1.585470 | 57.4408/ 29.9092 | 15.10 | 11.68 11.67 11.67 | 7.2 at P = 10; 7.5 at P = 20; 10.5 at P = 30 |
2 | E48R/ POLYSTYR | 1.531170/ 1.590481 | 56.0438/ 30.8669 | 16.30 | 13.65 13.68 13.68 | 7.3 at P = 10; 12.5 at P = 20; 14.5 at P = 30 |
3 | E48R/EP7000 | 1.531170/ 1.651006 | 56.0438/ 21.4946 | 8.79 | 6.27 6.28 6.28 | 7.5 at P = 10; 12.5 at P = 20; 14.0 at P = 30 |
4 | E48R/ITO in PMMA | 1.531170/ 1.604429 | 56.0438/ 10.0150 | 4.72 | 3.26 3.26 3.26 | 14.5 at P = 10; 18.5 at P = 20; 22.3 at P = 30 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Greisukh, G.I.; Danilov, V.A.; Ezhov, E.G.; Kazin, S.V.; Usievich, B.A. Highly Efficient Double-Layer Diffraction Microstructures Based on New Plastics and Molded Glasses. Photonics 2021, 8, 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080327
Greisukh GI, Danilov VA, Ezhov EG, Kazin SV, Usievich BA. Highly Efficient Double-Layer Diffraction Microstructures Based on New Plastics and Molded Glasses. Photonics. 2021; 8(8):327. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080327
Chicago/Turabian StyleGreisukh, Grigoriy I., Viktor A. Danilov, Evgeniy G. Ezhov, Sergey V. Kazin, and Boris A. Usievich. 2021. "Highly Efficient Double-Layer Diffraction Microstructures Based on New Plastics and Molded Glasses" Photonics 8, no. 8: 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080327