The Effects of Living Environment, Health Status of Family Members, and Migrant Elderly following Children’s Attitude about Care on Grandchildren’s Health Status in Weifang, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data and Sample
2.2. Measurements
2.2.1. Health Status of GMEFC
2.2.2. Social-Demographic Characteristics
2.2.3. Living Environment
2.2.4. MEFC’s Attitude about Caring from CMEFC to GMEFC
2.2.5. Health Status of Family Members
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Basic Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Logistic Regression Analysis of the Relationship between the Related Variables and Health Status of GMEFC
4. Discussion
4.1. Health Status of GMEFC in Weifang, China
4.2. Effect of Independent Variables on GMEFC’s Health Status in Weifang, China
4.2.1. Association between Living Environment and GMEFC’s Health Status
4.2.2. Association between MEFC’s Attitude about Care of the CMEFC for the GMEFC and GMEFC’s Health Status
4.2.3. Association between Health Status of Family Members and GMEFC’s Health Status
4.2.4. Association between Social-Demographic Characteristics and GMEFC’s Health Status
4.3. Implications
4.4. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | n (%) | Health Status of GMEFC | χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not Excellent | Excellent | ||||
n (%) | n (%) | ||||
Total | 613 (100.00) | 154 (25.1) | 459 (74.9) | ||
GMEFC’s sex | 10.400 | 0.001 | |||
Male | 400 (65.3) | 84 (21.0) | 316 (79.0) | ||
Female | 213 (34.7) | 70 (32.9) | 143 (67.1) | ||
GMEFC’s age (years) | 6.498 | 0.039 | |||
≤1 | 56 (9.1) | 18 (32.1) | 38 (67.9) | ||
1 < age < 4 | 344 (56.1) | 73 (21.2) | 271 (78.8) | ||
≥4 | 213 (34.8) | 63 (29.6) | 150 (70.4) | ||
GMEFC whether were only child | 7.821 | 0.005 | |||
Yes | 225 (36.7) | 71 (31.6) | 154 (68.4) | ||
No | 388 (63.3) | 83 (21.4) | 305 (78.6) | ||
Type of housing | 0.058 | 0.810 | |||
Low building | 139 (22.7) | 36 (25.9) | 103 (74.1) | ||
High building | 474 (77.3) | 118 (24.9) | 356 (75.1) | ||
Occurrence of Elevator malfunction | 9.213 | 0.027 | |||
No elevator | 194 (31.6) | 43 (22.2) | 151 (77.8) | ||
Often | 31 (5.1) | 6 (19.4) | 25 (80.6) | ||
Occasionally | 134 (21.9) | 47 (35.1) | 87 (64.9) | ||
Never | 254 (41.4) | 58 (22.8) | 196 (77.2) | ||
Evaluation of living conditions | 16.411 | 0.001 | |||
Poor and relatively poor | 21 (3.4) | 6 (28.6) | 15 (71.4) | ||
Average | 100 (16.3) | 35 (35.0) | 65 (65.0) | ||
Relatively good | 375 (61.2) | 99 (26.4) | 276 (73.6) | ||
Extremely good | 117 (19.1) | 14 (12.0) | 103 (88.0) | ||
Satisfaction with living conditions | 10.957 | 0.004 | |||
Average and below | 114 (18.6) | 36 (31.6) | 78 (68.4) | ||
Satisfied | 373 (60.8) | 100 (26.8) | 273 (73.2) | ||
Very Satisfied | 126 (20.6) | 18 (14.3) | 108 (85.7) | ||
MEFC’s satisfaction with CMEFC’s time spent caring for GMEFC | 27.286 | <0.001 | |||
Satisfied | 498 (81.2) | 104 (20.9) | 394 (79.1) | ||
Average | 88 (14.4) | 41 (46.6) | 47 (53.4) | ||
Dissatisfied | 27 (4.4) | 9 (33.3) | 18 (66.7) | ||
Whether MEFC understand and forgive CMEFC’s limited time spent care-giving | 22.308 a | <0.001 | |||
Very understand | 224 (36.5) | 34 (15.2) | 190 (84.8) | ||
Relatively understand | 373 (60.9) | 112 (30.0) | 261 (70.0) | ||
Not understand | 16 (2.6) | 8 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | ||
CMEFC’s health statuses | 131.510 | <0.001 | |||
Not excellent | 197 (32.1) | 107 (54.3) | 90 (45.7) | ||
Excellent | 416 (67.9) | 47 (11.3) | 369 (88.7) | ||
MEFC’s health statuses | 25.869 | <0.001 | |||
Not excellent | 459 (74.9) | 139 (30.3) | 320 (69.7) | ||
Excellent | 154 (25.1) | 15 (9.7) | 139 (90.3) |
Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-Demographic Factors of GMEFC | Model 1 + Living Environment | Model 2 + MEFC’s Attitude about Caring | Model 3 + Health Status of Family Members | |||||||||
OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
GMEFC’s sex | ||||||||||||
Male | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||
Female | 0.563 | 0.385–0.823 | 0.003 | 0.583 | 0.395–0.861 | 0.007 | 0.595 | 0.395–0.894 | 0.013 | 0.628 | 0.396–0.996 | 0.048 |
GMEFC’s age (years) | ||||||||||||
≤1 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||
1 < age < 4 | 1.676 | 0.897–3.132 | 0.105 | 1.550 | 0.814–2.952 | 0.182 | 1.407 | 0.711–2.786 | 0.327 | 2.140 | 0.971–4.718 | 0.059 |
≥4 | 1.230 | 0.647–2.339 | 0.528 | 1.090 | 0.558–2.129 | 0.800 | 0.961 | 0.473–1.952 | 0.912 | 1.149 | 0.512–2.581 | 0.736 |
Whether GMEFC were only children | ||||||||||||
Yes | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||
No | 1.606 | 1.101–2.344 | 0.014 | 1.571 | 1.062–2.324 | 0.024 | 1.696 | 1.127–2.551 | 0.011 | 1.896 | 1.197–3.003 | 0.006 |
Elevator malfunction situation | ||||||||||||
No elevator | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||||||||
Often | 1.308 | 0.492–3.477 | 0.591 | 1.407 | 0.500–3.960 | 0.517 | 0.824 | 0.262–2.590 | 0.741 | |||
Occasionally | 0.537 | 0.320–0.903 | 0.019 | 0.507 | 0.296–0.871 | 0.014 | 0.537 | 0.291–0.994 | 0.048 | |||
Never | 0.977 | 0.603–1.583 | 0.926 | 0.910 | 0.551–1.504 | 0.714 | 0.703 | 0.403–1.226 | 0.214 | |||
Evaluation of living conditions | ||||||||||||
Poor and relatively poor | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||||||||
Average | 0.755 | 0.254–2.240 | 0.612 | 0.824 | 0.265–2.560 | 0.738 | 0.845 | 0.227–3.142 | 0.801 | |||
Relatively good | 1.237 | 0.366–4.175 | 0.732 | 1.024 | 0.292–3.585 | 0.971 | 0.839 | 0.201–3.505 | 0.809 | |||
Excellent | 2.805 | 0.694–11.343 | 0.148 | 2.361 | 0.564–9.888 | 0.240 | 1.370 | 0.271–6.932 | 0.703 | |||
Satisfaction with living conditions | ||||||||||||
Average and below | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||||||||
Satisfied | 0.838 | 0.402–1.745 | 0.636 | 0.943 | 0.447–1.990 | 0.877 | 1.337 | 0.578–3.090 | 0.497 | |||
Very Satisfied | 1.081 | 0.405–2.883 | 0.876 | 1.038 | 0.379–2.840 | 0.942 | 1.078 | 0.348–3.345 | 0.896 | |||
MEFC’s satisfaction with CMEFC ‘s time spent caring for GMEFC | ||||||||||||
Satisfied | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||||
Average | 0.709 | 0.260–1.933 | 0.502 | 0.502 | 0.161–1.568 | 0.235 | ||||||
Dissatisfied | 0.367 | 0.218–0.619 | 0.000 | 0.365 | 0.201–0.661 | 0.001 | ||||||
Whether the MEFC understand and forgive CMEFC’s limited time spent care-giving | ||||||||||||
Very understand | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||||
Relatively understand | 0.244 | 0.072–0.828 | 0.024 | 0.422 | 0.104–1.710 | 0.227 | ||||||
Not understand | 0.378 | 0.239–0.599 | 0.000 | 0.504 | 0.301–0.845 | 0.009 | ||||||
CMEFC‘s health status | ||||||||||||
Not excellent | 1.000 | |||||||||||
Excellent | 8.969 | 5.570–14.443 | 0.000 | |||||||||
MEFC’s health status | ||||||||||||
Not excellent | 1.000 | |||||||||||
Excellent | 2.232 | 1.155–4.315 | 0.017 |
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Pang, M.; Wang, J.; Jiang, X.; Li, H.; Li, S.; Kong, F. The Effects of Living Environment, Health Status of Family Members, and Migrant Elderly following Children’s Attitude about Care on Grandchildren’s Health Status in Weifang, China. Children 2022, 9, 1333. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091333
Pang M, Wang J, Jiang X, Li H, Li S, Kong F. The Effects of Living Environment, Health Status of Family Members, and Migrant Elderly following Children’s Attitude about Care on Grandchildren’s Health Status in Weifang, China. Children. 2022; 9(9):1333. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091333
Chicago/Turabian StylePang, Mingli, Jieru Wang, Xiaoxu Jiang, Hexian Li, Shixue Li, and Fanlei Kong. 2022. "The Effects of Living Environment, Health Status of Family Members, and Migrant Elderly following Children’s Attitude about Care on Grandchildren’s Health Status in Weifang, China" Children 9, no. 9: 1333. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091333