Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Chemical Analysis
2.2. Enantioselective Analysis
2.3. Sensory Evaluation
2.4. Biological Activity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Methods
4.2. Plant Material
4.3. Distillation of the Essential Oil
4.4. Chemical Analyses
4.5. Enantioselective Analyses
4.6. AEDA Analysis
4.7. Biological Activity
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N. | Compound | LRI | DB-5ms LRIr [27] | %1 | σ2 | LRI | HP-INNOWax LRIr | %1 | σ2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | α-thujene | 913 | 924 | 0.4 | 0.17 | 1022 | 1027 [28] | 0.4 | 0.15 |
2 | α-pinene | 919 | 932 | 2.5 | 1.18 | 1017 | 1025 [28] | 2.5 | 1.00 |
3 | sabinene | 960 | 969 | 0.5 | 0.36 | 1118 | 1122 [28] | 0.5 | 0.33 |
4 | β-pinene | 966 | 974 | 1.5 | 0.71 | 1105 | 1110 [28] | 1.5 | 0.60 |
5 | myrcene | 984 | 988 | 0.6 | 0.37 | 1164 | 1161 [29] | 0.5 | 0.34 |
6 | α-phellandrene | 1003 | 1002 | 0.5 | 0.30 | 1161 | 1168 [28] | 0.5 | 0.32 |
7 | δ-3-carene | 1005 | 1008 | 0.4 | 0.11 | 1144 | 1147 [28] | 0.3 | 0.10 |
8 | α-terpinene | 1012 | 1014 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 1176 | 1178 [28] | 0.1 | 0.03 |
9 | p-cymene | 1019 | 1020 | 1.2 | 0.62 | 1269 | 1270 [28] | 1.3 | 0.63 |
10 | limonene | 1024 | 1024 | 5.3 | 2.58 | 1197 | 1198 [28] | 5.2 | 2.42 |
11 | 1,8-cineole | 1027 | 1026 | 10.4 | 7.88 | 1204 | 1211 [28] | 11.6 | 7.58 |
12 | (E)-β-ocimene | 1041 | 1044 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 1252 | 1250 [28] | 0.1 | 0.02 |
13 | γ-terpinene | 1051 | 1054 | 0.5 | 0.11 | 1243 | 1245 [28] | 0.5 | 0.10 |
14 | terpinolene | 1079 | 1086 | 0.3 | 0.11 | 1280 | 1282 [28] | 0.3 | 0.09 |
15 | linalool | 1100 | 1095 | 1.4 | 0.84 | 1553 | 1554 [29] | 1.6 | 0.89 |
16 | 4-terpineol | 1174 | 1174 | 0.6 | 0.31 | 1595 | 1601 [28] | 0.4 | 0.32 |
17 | α-terpineol | 1191 | 1186 | 2.0 | 1.09 | - | - | - | - |
18 | p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-ol | 1334 | 1325 | 0.6 | 0.33 | - | - | - | - |
19 | α-cubebene | 1338 | 1348 | 1.4 | 0.34 | 1450 | 1460 [28] | 1.4 | 0.31 |
20 | α-copaene | 1363 | 1374 | 2.1 | 0.33 | 1481 | 1491 [28] | 2.2 | 0.32 |
21 | β-bourbonene | 1370 | 1384 | 0.6 | 0.08 | 1508 | 1507 [30] | 0.7 | 0.10 |
22 | β-cubebene | 1377 | 1387 | 0.4 | 0.14 | 1530 | 1542 [28] | 0.5 | 0.13 |
23 | β-elemene | 1380 | 1389 | 0.7 | 0.18 | - | - | - | - |
24 | α-gurjunene | 1393 | 1409 | 0.9 | 0.31 | 1519 | 1529 [28] | 0.9 | 0.30 |
25 | methyleugenol | 1399 | 1403 | 0.4 | 0.14 | 2019 | 2006 [28] | 0.6 | 0.10 |
26 | (Z)-caryophyllene | 1405 | 1408 | 16.6 | 6.29 | 1585 | 1588 [28] | 16.8 | 5.29 |
27 | β-copaene | 1415 | 1430 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 1579 | 1580 [28] | 0.8 | 0.16 |
28 | α-humulene | 1440 | 1452 | 1.9 | 0.66 | 1655 | 1667 [28] | 2.0 | 0.58 |
29 | aromadendrene | 1443 | 1439 | 0.6 | 0.17 | 1629 | 1620 [28] | 0.8 | 0.15 |
30 | allo-aromadendrene | 1463 | 1458 | 0.3 | 0.07 | 1617 | 1630 [31] | 1.8 | 1.32 |
31 | cis-muurola-4(14),5-diene | 1466 | 1465 | 2.6 | 0.85 | 1648 | 1643 [28] | 2.6 | 0.73 |
32 | β-chamigrene | 1473 | 1476 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 1708 | 1724 [28] | 0.5 | 0.08 |
33 | germacrene D | 1475 | 1480 | 2.1 | 0.67 | 1697 | 1708 [28] | 2.0 | 1.02 |
34 | β-selinene | 1480 | 1489 | 1.1 | 1.24 | 1702 | 1717 [28] | 1.9 | 0.41 |
35 | γ-muurolene | 1484 | 1478 | 0.3 | 0.24 | 1678 | 1690 [28] | 0.4 | 0.20 |
36 | α-amorphene | 1487 | 1483 | 0.6 | 0.20 | 1713 | 1710 [32] | 0.8 | 0.25 |
37 | viridiflorene | 1491 | 1496 | 0.8 | 0.46 | 1684 | 1696 [28] | 1.0 | 0.46 |
38 | epi-cubebol | 1503 | 1493 | 0.9 | 1.61 | 1880 | 1900 [28] | 0.6 | 0.36 |
39 | trans-calamenene | 1510 | 1521 | 15.9 | 4.30 | 1821 | 1823 [28] | 14.6 | 2.19 |
40 | trans-cadina-1,4-diene | 1520 | 1533 | 3.5 | 0.78 | 1771 | 1797 [33] | 3.5 | 0.65 |
41 | α-dehydro-ar-himachalene | 1523 | 1516 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 1895 | 1882 [34] | 0.2 | 0.04 |
42 | α-calacorene | 1527 | 1544 | 0.5 | 0.07 | 1903 | 1921 [28] | 0.6 | 0.08 |
43 | germacrene B | 1541 | 1559 | 1.2 | 0.32 | 1811 | 1824 [28] | 1.2 | 0.31 |
44 | spathulenol | 1565 | 1577 | 6.2 | 0.86 | 2117 | 2126 [28] | 6.5 | 0.91 |
45 | globulol | 1576 | 1590 | 0.4 | 0.07 | 2066 | 2063 [35] | 0.3 | 0.16 |
46 | caryophyllene oxide | 1592 | 1582 | 0.5 | 0.11 | 1966 | 1986 [28] | 0.5 | 0.07 |
47 | 1-epi-cubenol | 1627 | 1627 | 1.3 | 0.21 | 2048 | 2088 [28] | 1.0 | 0.20 |
48 | epi-α-cadinol | 1630 | 1638 | 0.5 | 0.09 | 2163 | 2166 [36] | 0.2 | 0.04 |
49 | α-muurolol | 1633 | 1644 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 2178 | 2183 [28] | 0.5 | 0.08 |
50 | cubenol | 1641 | 1645 | 1.1 | 0.20 | 2055 | 2052 [37] | 1.7 | 0.23 |
51 | cis-calamenen-10-ol | 1660 | 1660 | 0.3 | 0.07 | 2319 | 2315 [32] | 0.7 | 0.10 |
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 13.9 | 13.7 | |||||||
Oxygenated monoterpene | 15.0 | 13.6 | |||||||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 55.1 | 57.2 | |||||||
Oxygenated sesquiterpene | 11.7 | 12.0 | |||||||
Others | 0.4 | 0.6 | |||||||
Total | 96.1 | 97.1 |
N. | Compound | LRI | DB5-ms LRIr [27] | %1 | σ2 | LRI | HP-INNOWax LRIr | %1 | σ2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | α-thujene | 924 | 924 | 0.4 | 0.02 | 1022 | 1027 [28] | 0.4 | 0.05 |
2 | α-pinene | 931 | 932 | 29.2 | 1.65 | 1017 | 1025 [28] | 27.7 | 0.72 |
3 | camphene | 948 | 946 | 0.5 | 0.12 | 1060 | 1069 [28] | 0.4 | 0.08 |
4 | β-pinene | 976 | 974 | 31.3 | 1.67 | 1106 | 1110 [28] | 30.0 | 1.34 |
5 | myrcene | 988 | 988 | 5.0 | 2.73 | 1164 | 1161 [28] | 5.2 | 2.81 |
6 | α-terpinene | 1005 | 1014 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 1176 | 1178 [28] | 0.3 | 0.02 |
7 | p-cymene | 1015 | 1020 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 1269 | 1270 [28] | 0.5 | 0.12 |
8 | o-cymene | 1023 | 1022 | 0.5 | 0.12 | - | - | - | - |
9 | limonene | 1027 | 1024 | 4.7 | 0.23 | 1197 | 1198 [28] | 4.6 | 0.25 |
10 | 1.8-cineole | 1031 | 1026 | 8.5 | 3.62 | 1203 | 1211 [28] | 8.7 | 3.77 |
11 | (E)-β-ocimene | 1045 | 1044 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 1252 | 1250 [28] | 0.4 | 0.03 |
12 | γ-terpinene | 1056 | 1054 | 1.4 | 0.14 | 1243 | 1245 [28] | 1.5 | 0.19 |
13 | terpinolene | 1083 | 1086 | 0.7 | 0.15 | 1280 | 1282 [29] | 0.8 | 0.18 |
14 | linalool | 1099 | 1095 | 7.7 | 2.42 | 1552 | 1554 [29] | 8.2 | 2.71 |
15 | α-ylangene | 1373 | 1373 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 1481 | 1484 [28] | 1.1 | 0.10 |
16 | (E)-β-caryophyllene | 1416 | 1417 | 2.3 | 0.18 | 1585 | 1599 [28] | 2.7 | 0.03 |
17 | germacrene D | 1472 | 1480 | 0.4 | 0.04 | 1705 | 1708 [28] | 0.3 | 0.28 |
18 | δ-cadinene | 1515 | 1513 | 1.2 | 0.14 | 1750 | 1756 [28] | 2.1 | 0.09 |
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 74.4 | 71.8 | |||||||
Oxygenated monoterpene | 16.2 | 16.9 | |||||||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 4.8 | 6.2 | |||||||
Total | 95.4 | 94.9 |
Enantiomers | Diethyl terbutylsilyl-β-cyclodextrin | Diacetyl terbutylsilyl-β-cyclodextrin | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LRIs | Enantiomeric Distribution (%) | ee 1 (%) | LRIs | Enantiomeric Distribution (%) | ee 1 (%) | |
(+)-α-thujene | 931 | 72.6 | 45.2 | - | - | - |
(-)-α-thujene | 935 | 27.4 | - | - | - | |
(S)-α-pinene | 941 | 37.5 | 25.0 | - | - | - |
(R)-α-pinene | 942 | 62.5 | - | - | - | |
(+)-β-pinene | 962 | 39.3 | 20.8 | 1018 | 40.3 | 19.4 |
(-)-β-pinene | 968 | 60.1 | 988 | 59.7 | ||
(+)-sabinene | 990 | 36.9 | 26.2 | 1009 | 63.8 | 27.6 |
(-)-sabinene | 1067 | 63.1 | 1013 | 36.2 | ||
(+)-limonene | 1062 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | - | - |
(R)-α-phellandrene | - | - | - | 1073 | 1.9 | 96.2 |
(S)-α-phellandrene | - | - | - | 1028 | 98.1 | |
(S)-4-terpineol | 1270 | 33.8 | 32.4 | 1376 | 63.2 | 26.4 |
(R)-4-terpineol | 1273 | 66.2 | 1338 | 36.8 | ||
(+)-germacrene D | 1471 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | - | - |
Enantiomers | Diethyl terbutylsilyl-β-cyclodextrin | Diacetyl terbutylsilyl-β-cyclodextrin | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LRIs | Enantiomeric Distribution (%) | ee 1 (%) | LRIs | Enantiomeric Distribution (%) | ee 1 (%) | |
(+)-α-thujene | 924 | 31.1 | 37.8 | - | - | - |
(-)-α-thujene | 928 | 68.9 | - | - | - | |
(S)-α-pinene | 933 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | - | - |
(+)-β-pinene | 962 | 2.9 | 94.2 | 1013 | 0.2 | 99.6 |
(-)-β-pinene | 968 | 97.1 | 982 | 99.8 | ||
(S)-limonene | 1062 | 94.6 | 89.2 | - | - | - |
(R)-limonene | 1078 | 5.4 | - | - | - | |
(+)-germacrene D | 1477 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | - | - |
LRIcal 1 | LRIcal 2 | Compound | AEDA (FD) 1 | AEDA (FD) 2 | Odor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
919 | - | α-pinene | 8 | - | woody |
965 | 976 | β-pinene | 8 | 8 | woody |
1024 | - | limonene | 16 | - | citrus |
- | 1031 | 1,8-cineole | - | 8 | minty |
1051 | 1056 | γ-terpinene | 2 | 4 | herbaceous |
1079 | 1083 | terpinolene | 4 | 4 | plastic |
1100 | 1193 | linalool | 8 | 2 | floral |
1380 | - | β-elemene | 2 | - | herbal |
- | 1416 | (E)-β-caryophyllene | - | 1 | woody |
1565 | - | spathulenol | 2 | - | herbal |
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Montalván, M.; Peñafiel, M.A.; Ramírez, J.; Cumbicus, N.; Bec, N.; Larroque, C.; Bicchi, C.; Gilardoni, G. Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae). Plants 2019, 8, 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110511
Montalván M, Peñafiel MA, Ramírez J, Cumbicus N, Bec N, Larroque C, Bicchi C, Gilardoni G. Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae). Plants. 2019; 8(11):511. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110511
Chicago/Turabian StyleMontalván, Mayra, Manuel Alejandro Peñafiel, Jorge Ramírez, Nixon Cumbicus, Nicole Bec, Christian Larroque, Carlo Bicchi, and Gianluca Gilardoni. 2019. "Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae)" Plants 8, no. 11: 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110511