Effects of Datura stramonium L. Invasion into Different Habitats on Native Plant Functional Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Sample Collection and Measurement
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Community Composition in Different Habitats
3.2. Effect of D. stramonium Invasion into Different Habitats on the Functional Traits of Native Plants
3.3. Effect of D. stramonium Invasion into Different Habitats on the Stoichiometric Characteristics of Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus
3.4. Relationship between Functional Plant Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Habitat Type | Noninvaded Area | Invaded Area | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species Number | Species | Quantity | Species Number | Species | Quantity | |
Farmland | 15 | Xanthium sibiricum | 8 | 9 | Cirsium japonicum | 3 |
Cirsium japonicum | 2 | Phragmites australis | 17 | |||
Sonchus arvensis | 2 | Chenopodium album | 7 | |||
Artemisia capillaris | 12 | Abutilon theophrasti | 3 | |||
Setaria viridis | 40 | Cynanchum chinense | 2 | |||
Echinochloa crusgalli | 58 | Metaplexis japonica | 3 | |||
Digitaria sanguinalis | 5 | Humulus scandens | 18 | |||
Phragmites australis | 55 | Polygonum orientale | 22 | |||
Chenopodium album | 5 | Acalypha australis | 8 | |||
Kochia scoparia | 2 | |||||
Glycine soja | 3 | |||||
Cynanchum chinense | 2 | |||||
Metaplexis japonica | 3 | |||||
Humulus scandens | 8 | |||||
Salsola collina | 5 | |||||
Wasteland | 11 | Sonchus arvensis | 2 | 5 | Xanthium sibiricum | 8 |
Setaria viridis | 35 | Setaria viridis | 20 | |||
Echinochloa caudata | 16 | Chenopodium album | 12 | |||
Digitaria sanguinalis | 8 | Abutilon theophrasti | 3 | |||
Phragmites australis | 5 | Polygonum orientale | 2 | |||
Chenopodium album | 10 | |||||
Kochia scoparia | 2 | |||||
Abutilon theophrasti | 3 | |||||
Humulus scandens | 7 | |||||
Polygonum orientale | 35 | |||||
Acalypha australis | 17 | |||||
Roadside | 19 | Xanthium sibiricum | 8 | 9 | Xanthium sibiricum | 5 |
Sonchus arvensis | 2 | Cirsium japonicum | 12 | |||
Ixeris polycephala | 7 | Bidens tripartita | 7 | |||
Bidens tripartita | 30 | Setaria viridis | 25 | |||
Inula japonica | 2 | Chloris virgate | 33 | |||
Setaria viridis | 5 | Chenopodium album | 3 | |||
Chloris virgate | 17 | Kochia scoparia | 2 | |||
Digitaria sanguinalis | 7 | Humulus scandens | 13 | |||
Chenopodium album | 2 | Tribulus terrestris | 8 | |||
Kochia scoparia | 10 | |||||
Abutilon theophrasti | 4 | |||||
Cynanchum chinense | 5 | |||||
Metaplexis japonica | 2 | |||||
Humulus scandens | 5 | |||||
Portulaca oleracea | 7 | |||||
Acalypha australis | 2 | |||||
Mentha canadensis | 5 | |||||
Equisetum ramosissimum | 2 | |||||
Rubia cordifolia | 1 |
Index | Habitat Type | Presence of Invasion | Habitat Type × Presence of Invasion |
---|---|---|---|
Soil C | 4.0071 * | 5.9178 * | 0.3760 |
Soil N | 6.4315 * | 8.3023 * | 0.7070 |
Soil P | 0.2195 | 1.0139 | 0.3064 |
Soil C:N ratio | 0.4634 | 0.0006 | 0.0393 |
Soil C:P ratio | 2.3730 | 8.8378 * | 1.2339 |
Soil N:P ratio | 1.6918 | 5.7186 * | 0.8515 |
Type | Index | Soil C | Soil N | Soil P | Soil C:N Ratio | Soil C:P Ratio | Soil N:P Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Noninvaded area | Height | −0.14 | −0.41 | −0.72 | 0.84 * | 0.53 | 0.15 |
SLA | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.57 | −0.59 | −0.46 | −0.24 | |
Leaf N | 0.3 | 0.54 | 0.75 | −0.75 | −0.36 | 0.04 | |
Leaf C | −0.41 | −0.64 | −0.67 | 0.7 | 0.23 | −0.21 | |
Leaf CCmass | −0.39 | −0.62 | −0.65 | 0.71 | 0.24 | −0.21 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | −0.26 | −0.5 | −0.67 | 0.77 * | 0.36 | −0.06 | |
Invaded area | Height | 0.83 * | −0.5 | −0.48 | 0.59 | 0.82 * | −0.28 |
SLA | 0.43 | −0.80 * | −0.79 * | 0.77 * | 0.72 | −0.46 | |
Leaf N | 0.90 ** | −0.02 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.59 | −0.07 | |
Leaf C | 0.61 | −0.32 | −0.27 | 0.4 | 0.57 | −0.21 | |
Leaf CCmass | 0.61 | −0.32 | −0.27 | 0.4 | 0.57 | −0.21 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | −0.90 ** | 0 | −0.12 | −0.2 | −0.56 | 0.09 |
Type | Index | Soil C | Soil N | Soil P | Soil C:N Ratio | Soil C:P Ratio | Soil N:P Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Noninvaded area | Height | −0.32 | 0.43 | 0.07 | −0.57 | −0.39 | 0.33 |
SLA | 0.14 | 0.09 | −0.29 | 0.19 | 0 | 0.15 | |
Leaf N | 0.63 | 0.5 | −0.57 | 0.25 | 0.64 | 0.91 ** | |
Leaf C | 0.80 * | 0.73 | 0.17 | 0.38 | 0.55 | 0.57 | |
Leaf CCmass | 0.80 * | 0.73 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.54 | 0.56 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | −0.39 | −0.15 | 0.80 * | −0.2 | −0.52 | −0.75 | |
Invaded area | Height | 0.19 | −0.11 | −0.23 | 0.41 | 0.21 | 0.07 |
SLA | 0.59 | 0.37 | −0.38 | 0.21 | 0.53 | 0.48 | |
Leaf N | 0.09 | 0.58 | −0.07 | −0.58 | 0.04 | 0.33 | |
Leaf C | 0.04 | 0.29 | −0.38 | −0.26 | 0.21 | 0.38 | |
Leaf CCmass | 0.04 | 0.29 | −0.38 | −0.26 | 0.21 | 0.38 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | −0.19 | −0.64 | −0.1 | 0.56 | 0 | −0.26 |
Type | Index | Soil C | Soil N | Soil P | Soil C:N Ratio | Soil C:P Ratio | Soil N:P Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Noninvaded area | Height | −0.41 | −0.62 | −0.58 | 0.49 | 0.05 | −0.62 |
SLA | 0.59 | 0.75 | 0.67 | −0.5 | 0.08 | 0.72 | |
Leaf N | 0.01 | 0.24 | 0.14 | −0.53 | −0.33 | 0.29 | |
Leaf C | 0.17 | −0.19 | −0.25 | 0.54 | 0.56 | −0.15 | |
Leaf CCmass | 0.16 | −0.2 | −0.26 | 0.55 | 0.55 | −0.16 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | 0 | −0.32 | −0.24 | 0.68 | 0.47 | −0.37 | |
Invaded area | Height | 0.28 | 0.09 | −0.51 | 0.19 | 0.43 | 0.29 |
SLA | −0.23 | −0.41 | −0.4 | 0.49 | −0.1 | −0.29 | |
Leaf N | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.23 | −0.54 | 0.16 | 0.33 | |
Leaf C | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.16 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.15 | |
Leaf CCmass | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.16 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.15 | |
Leaf C:N ratio | −0.27 | −0.45 | −0.32 | 0.7 | −0.18 | −0.41 |
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Lv, J.; Wang, H.; Chang, N.; Li, H.; Shi, C. Effects of Datura stramonium L. Invasion into Different Habitats on Native Plant Functional Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics. Biology 2023, 12, 1497. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12121497
Lv J, Wang H, Chang N, Li H, Shi C. Effects of Datura stramonium L. Invasion into Different Habitats on Native Plant Functional Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics. Biology. 2023; 12(12):1497. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12121497
Chicago/Turabian StyleLv, Juan, Haitao Wang, Na Chang, Huaiyue Li, and Cong Shi. 2023. "Effects of Datura stramonium L. Invasion into Different Habitats on Native Plant Functional Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics" Biology 12, no. 12: 1497. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12121497