Figure 1.
Practical projects of breeding vessels with perforated broadside.
Figure 1.
Practical projects of breeding vessels with perforated broadside.
Figure 2.
Refined numerical meshes near the free surface.
Figure 2.
Refined numerical meshes near the free surface.
Figure 3.
Convergence of the method about numerical mesh and time step.
Figure 3.
Convergence of the method about numerical mesh and time step.
Figure 4.
Wave contour in numerical wave tank.
Figure 4.
Wave contour in numerical wave tank.
Figure 5.
Validation of the numerical method to predict the classic wave condition.
Figure 5.
Validation of the numerical method to predict the classic wave condition.
Figure 6.
Longitudinal profile of a breeding vessel.
Figure 6.
Longitudinal profile of a breeding vessel.
Figure 7.
Numerical and experimental models of the breeding vessel.
Figure 7.
Numerical and experimental models of the breeding vessel.
Figure 8.
Boundary conditions for the case of the breeding vessel without opening holes.
Figure 8.
Boundary conditions for the case of the breeding vessel without opening holes.
Figure 9.
Numerical mesh and two-phase distribution to numerically simulate motions of the breeding vessel in wave.
Figure 9.
Numerical mesh and two-phase distribution to numerically simulate motions of the breeding vessel in wave.
Figure 10.
Time histories of heave and pitch motion responses in the wave condition of case A.
Figure 10.
Time histories of heave and pitch motion responses in the wave condition of case A.
Figure 11.
Time histories of heave and pitch motion responses in the wave condition of case B.
Figure 11.
Time histories of heave and pitch motion responses in the wave condition of case B.
Figure 12.
The test case to validate sloshing phenomenon.
Figure 12.
The test case to validate sloshing phenomenon.
Figure 13.
Numerical meshes and initial phase contour in the tank.
Figure 13.
Numerical meshes and initial phase contour in the tank.
Figure 14.
Time histories of surface elevation at the midpoint of right bulkhead.
Figure 14.
Time histories of surface elevation at the midpoint of right bulkhead.
Figure 15.
Geometrical model and monitoring points.
Figure 15.
Geometrical model and monitoring points.
Figure 16.
Boundary conditions for the case of the breeding vessel with perforated broadside.
Figure 16.
Boundary conditions for the case of the breeding vessel with perforated broadside.
Figure 17.
Numerical meshes of the breeding vessel and fish tank in computational domain.
Figure 17.
Numerical meshes of the breeding vessel and fish tank in computational domain.
Figure 18.
Time histories of average flow flux at various holes versus different wave directions.
Figure 18.
Time histories of average flow flux at various holes versus different wave directions.
Figure 19.
Streamline in the fish tank under 90° wave at classic moments (from left to right, from top to bottom: 2.0 s, 9.0 s, 13.0 s, 35.5 s, 36.0 s, and 36.5 s).
Figure 19.
Streamline in the fish tank under 90° wave at classic moments (from left to right, from top to bottom: 2.0 s, 9.0 s, 13.0 s, 35.5 s, 36.0 s, and 36.5 s).
Figure 20.
Streamline in fish tank under 135° wave at classic moments (from left to right, from top to bottom: 2.0 s, 9.0 s, 13.0 s, 35.5 s, 36.0 s, and 36.5 s).
Figure 20.
Streamline in fish tank under 135° wave at classic moments (from left to right, from top to bottom: 2.0 s, 9.0 s, 13.0 s, 35.5 s, 36.0 s, and 36.5 s).
Figure 21.
Streamline of fluid field in fish tank under 180° wave condition (38.5 s, 39.0 s, and 39.5 s).
Figure 21.
Streamline of fluid field in fish tank under 180° wave condition (38.5 s, 39.0 s, and 39.5 s).
Figure 22.
Time histories of average flow flux at various opening holes with 0.05 m wave height.
Figure 22.
Time histories of average flow flux at various opening holes with 0.05 m wave height.
Figure 23.
Comparison of flow fluxes through #3 hole versus wave heights of 0.05 m and 0.07 m.
Figure 23.
Comparison of flow fluxes through #3 hole versus wave heights of 0.05 m and 0.07 m.
Figure 24.
Comparison of vortexes in the tank versus different wave heights of 0.05 m and 0.07 m.
Figure 24.
Comparison of vortexes in the tank versus different wave heights of 0.05 m and 0.07 m.
Figure 25.
Time histories of average flow flux at various opening holes versus different wave periods.
Figure 25.
Time histories of average flow flux at various opening holes versus different wave periods.
Figure 26.
Analysis of irregular characteristics of flow flux for 0.646 s wave period.
Figure 26.
Analysis of irregular characteristics of flow flux for 0.646 s wave period.
Figure 27.
Velocity vectors near the opening hole versus different periods of 0.646 s and 1.291 s.
Figure 27.
Velocity vectors near the opening hole versus different periods of 0.646 s and 1.291 s.
Figure 28.
Multi-point mooring system for the breeding vessel.
Figure 28.
Multi-point mooring system for the breeding vessel.
Figure 29.
Motion responses of the breeding vessel under the wave condition.
Figure 29.
Motion responses of the breeding vessel under the wave condition.
Figure 30.
Average flow flux at each opening hole of the breeding vessel under wave action.
Figure 30.
Average flow flux at each opening hole of the breeding vessel under wave action.
Figure 31.
Sloshing phenomenon in the fish tank during a classic period.
Figure 31.
Sloshing phenomenon in the fish tank during a classic period.
Figure 32.
Wave surface along central axis in z direction in fish tank.
Figure 32.
Wave surface along central axis in z direction in fish tank.
Figure 33.
Evolution of fluid field in fish tank of the breeding vessel (26.0–27.4 s, interval 0.1 s).
Figure 33.
Evolution of fluid field in fish tank of the breeding vessel (26.0–27.4 s, interval 0.1 s).
Figure 34.
Motion responses of the vessel with larger roll inertia moment under the wave condition.
Figure 34.
Motion responses of the vessel with larger roll inertia moment under the wave condition.
Figure 35.
Flow flux through each opening hole of the new vessel with larger roll inertia moment.
Figure 35.
Flow flux through each opening hole of the new vessel with larger roll inertia moment.
Figure 36.
Evolution of fluid field in tank of the vessel with larger roll moment (40.6–42.0 s, interval 0.1 s).
Figure 36.
Evolution of fluid field in tank of the vessel with larger roll moment (40.6–42.0 s, interval 0.1 s).
Table 1.
Comparison of the numerical result and theoretical solution of wave height.
Table 1.
Comparison of the numerical result and theoretical solution of wave height.
| Unit | Theoretical Solution | Numerical Result | Relative Error |
---|
Wave height | m | 0.070 | 0.067 | 4.28% |
Table 2.
Main parameters of the breeding vessel.
Table 2.
Main parameters of the breeding vessel.
Main Parameter | Unit | Practical Model | Scale Model |
---|
Main length | m | 291.80 | 4.86 |
Width | m | 45.00 | 0.75 |
Displacement | t | 236,469.70 | 1.09 |
Draught | m | 21.00 | 0.35 |
Longitudinal position of COG | m | 148.35 | 2.43 |
Vertical position of COG | m | 11.55 | 0.19 |
Roll inertia radius | m | 13.70 | 0.23 |
Pitch inertia radius | m | 70.90 | 1.18 |
Table 3.
Wave parameters of classic regular waves.
Table 3.
Wave parameters of classic regular waves.
Case | Wave Height H (m) | Wave Period T (s) | Water Depth d (m) | Wave Length λ (m) | Wave Steepness (-) |
---|
A | 0.070 | 1.291 | 1.267 | 2.610 | 1:37 |
B | 0.070 | 1.936 | 1.267 | 5.852 | 1:84 |
Table 4.
Comparison of numerical and experimental motion responses of the breeding vessel.
Table 4.
Comparison of numerical and experimental motion responses of the breeding vessel.
Case | Heave Motion (m) | Pitch Motion (deg) |
---|
Numerical Method | Experimental Method | Relative Error | Numerical Method | Experimental Method | Relative Error |
---|
A | 0.0035 | 0.0034 | 2.06% | 0.3969 | 0.3770 | 5.29% |
B | 0.0103 | 0.0113 | −8.70% | 1.1004 | 1.0735 | 2.50% |
Table 5.
Main parameters of fish tank.
Table 5.
Main parameters of fish tank.
Parameters | Unit | Practical Model | Scale Model (1:60) |
---|
Tank width | m | 44.40 | 0.740 |
Tank height | m | 22.25 | 0.371 |
Hole diameter | m | 2.00 | 0.033 |
Water height | m | 18.55 | 0.309 |
Distance of hole | m | 0.10 | 0.00167 |
Table 6.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different directions.
Table 6.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different directions.
Case | Wave Direction | Wave Height H (m) | Water Depth D (m) | Wave Period T (s) | Wave Length λ (m) |
---|
A | 90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 |
B | 135° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 |
C | 180° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 |
Table 7.
Total inflow and outflow through opening holes versus different wave conditions.
Table 7.
Total inflow and outflow through opening holes versus different wave conditions.
Wave Direction | Total Inflow (kg) | Total Outflow (kg) | Relative Difference |
---|
90° | 5.446 | −5.532 | 1.58% |
135° | 6.420 | −6.454 | 0.53% |
Relative difference | 15.17% | 14.29% | - |
Table 8.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different heights.
Table 8.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different heights.
Case | Wave Direction | Wave Height H (m) | Water Depth D (m) | Wave Period T (s) | Wave Length λ (m) | Dimensionless Wave Length (-) | Wave Steepness (-) |
---|
A | 90° | 0.050 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 | 0.54 | 1:52 |
B | 90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 | 0.54 | 1:37 |
Table 9.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different periods.
Table 9.
Main parameters of wave conditions with different periods.
Case | Wave Direction | Wave Height H (m) | Water Depth D (m) | Wave Period T (s) | Wave Length λ (m) | Dimensionless Wave Length (-) | Wave Steepness (-) |
---|
A | 90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 0.646 | 0.715 | 0.14 | 1:10 |
B | 90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.033 | 1.693 | 0.35 | 1:24 |
C | 90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 | 0.54 | 1:37 |
Table 10.
Main parameters of mooring line.
Table 10.
Main parameters of mooring line.
Type | Diameter (mm) | Length (m) | Wet Weight (KN m−1) | Breaking Strength (KN) | Axial Stiffness (KN) | Pretension (KN) |
---|
Anchor chain | 2.583 | 2.28 | 0.003056 | 0.0963 | 8.157 | 14.58 |
Table 11.
Main parameters of class regular wave.
Table 11.
Main parameters of class regular wave.
Wave Direction | Wave Height H (m) | Water Depth D (m) | Wave Period T (s) | Wave Length λ (m) |
---|
90° | 0.070 | 1.267 | 1.291 | 2.610 |
Table 12.
Total inflow and outflow through opening holes versus different roll responses.
Table 12.
Total inflow and outflow through opening holes versus different roll responses.
| Total Inflow (kg) | Total Outflow (kg) | Relative Difference |
---|
Fixed vessel | 5.446 | −5.532 | 1.58% |
Vessel with larger inertia | 6.165 | −5.946 | 3.55% |
Vessel with smaller inertia | 7.711 | −7.855 | 1.88% |