Advances in the Processing of UHMWPE-TiO2 to Manufacture Medical Prostheses via SPIF
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of the UHMWPE-TiO Sheet Composite
2.2. Geometry Formability of the Sheet Composites by SPIF
2.3. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.4. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
2.5. X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD)
2.6. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)
2.7. Tensile Strength Measurements
2.8. Cell Culture Analysis (Adhesion/Viability)
3. Results
3.1. Cross-Sectional SEM Analysis of the UHMWPE-TiO Sheet Composites
3.2. DSC and XRD
3.3. FT-IR
3.4. Mechanical Test Measurements
3.5. Composite Sheets SPIF Process
3.6. Prosthesis, Cell Adhesion, and Cell Proliferation
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
UHMWPE | Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene |
SPIF | Single Point Incremental Forming |
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Sample | TiO2 (mg) | wt % |
---|---|---|
Reference | ⋯ | UHMWPE |
M1 | 117.0 | 0.25% |
M2 | 235.0 | 0.5% |
M3 | 352.0 | 0.75% |
M4 | 470.0 | 1.0% |
Parameters | SPIF | Generatrix Tool Path |
---|---|---|
Spindle speed | 0 rpm | ⋯ |
Tool diameter | 5 mm and 10 mm | ⋯ |
Feed rate | 300 mm/min | ⋯ |
Vertical step down (z) | 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm | ⋯ |
Initial diameter | ⋯ | 100 mm |
Generatrix radius | ⋯ | 80 mm |
Initial angle | ⋯ | 45 |
Exit angle | ⋯ | 69.0 and 78.0 |
Maximum depth | ⋯ | 28 mm and 40 mm |
Sample | T (°C) | ΔHm (J g−1) | (%) | (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Reference | 126.0 | 91.0 | 31.5 | 31.9 |
M1 | 125.6 | 94.8 | 32.8 | 31.1 |
M2 | 125.7 | 92.8 | 32.3 | 30.4 |
M3 | 125.9 | 92.6 | 32.3 | 31.9 |
M4 | 125.9 | 88.6 | 30.9 | 29.2 |
Sample | Average Yield Strength (MPa) | Average Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa) | Average Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Average Maximum Strain (mm/mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Reference | 15.1 ± 0.76 | 23.4 ± 0.53 | 450.5 ± 32.04 | 0.83 ± 0.05 |
M1 | 15.6 ± 0.83 | 24.7 ± 0.48 | 455.5 ± 14.0 | 0.84 ± 0.06 |
M2 | 15.9 ± 0.47 | 27.8 ± 2.23 | 476.0 ± 32.27 | 0.93 ± 0.042 |
M3 | 16.4 ± 0.14 | 30.4 ± 1.79 | 501.7 ± 16.71 | 0.91 ± 0.03 |
M4 | 16.6 ± 1.18 | 27.8 ± 1.48 | 509.3 ± 16.97 | 0.89 ± 0.095 |
Tool Diameter | 5 mm | 10 mm |
---|---|---|
Sample | Fz (N) | Fz (N) |
Reference | 299.59 | 577.66 |
M1 | 360.74 | 597.01 |
M2 | 345.42 | 602.38 |
M3 | 348.47 | 688.00 |
M4 | 351.52 | 595.33 |
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Ortiz-Hernández, R.; Ulloa-Castillo, N.A.; Diabb-Zavala, J.M.; Estrada-De La Vega, A.; Islas-Urbano, J.; Villela-Castrejón, J.; Elías-Zúñiga, A. Advances in the Processing of UHMWPE-TiO2 to Manufacture Medical Prostheses via SPIF. Polymers 2019, 11, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11122022
Ortiz-Hernández R, Ulloa-Castillo NA, Diabb-Zavala JM, Estrada-De La Vega A, Islas-Urbano J, Villela-Castrejón J, Elías-Zúñiga A. Advances in the Processing of UHMWPE-TiO2 to Manufacture Medical Prostheses via SPIF. Polymers. 2019; 11(12):2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11122022
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrtiz-Hernández, Rodrigo, Nicolás A. Ulloa-Castillo, José M. Diabb-Zavala, Alejandro Estrada-De La Vega, Jorge Islas-Urbano, Javier Villela-Castrejón, and Alex Elías-Zúñiga. 2019. "Advances in the Processing of UHMWPE-TiO2 to Manufacture Medical Prostheses via SPIF" Polymers 11, no. 12: 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11122022