Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: An Uncontrolled Cohort
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Setting and Patient Population
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Selection and Description of Participants
2.4. Procedures
2.5. Outcome Measures
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. Demographic Characteristics
3.3. Clinical Characteristics
3.4. Efficacy of MBOR
3.5. Effect on Opioid Use
3.6. Effect on Percutaneous Feeding Tube Placement
3.7. Outcomes and Events
4. Discussion
4.1. Clinical Efficacy
4.2. Topical Effect of Methylene Blue
4.3. Safety of MBOR
4.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of MBOR
4.5. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Category | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | F | 19 | 33% |
M | 39 | 67% | |
Cancer | SCC of the tongue | 26 | 45% |
SCC of the tonsil | 14 | 24% | |
SCC of the oral mucosa | 3 | 5% | |
SCC of the nose | 2 | 3% | |
SCC of the gums | 2 | 3% | |
SCC of the larynx | 1 | 2% | |
SCC of the mandible | 1 | 2% | |
SCC of the orbit | 1 | 2% | |
Adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland | 2 | 3% | |
Adenocarcinoma of the sinus | 2 | 3% | |
Adenocarcinoma of the tongue | 3 | 5% | |
Adenocarcinoma of the palate | 1 | 2% | |
Therapy | Chemotherapy and radiation | 23 | 40% |
Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation | 15 | 26% | |
Surgery and radiation | 13 | 22% | |
Radiation alone | 7 | 12% | |
Pain location | Sublingual | 39 | 67% |
Oral mucosa | 28 | 48% | |
Soft palate | 11 | 19% | |
Oropharynx | 11 | 19% | |
Lips | 8 | 14% | |
Gums | 4 | 7% |
Events (n = 9) | Category | Frequency Count | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
Inappropriate use | 1 | 2% | |
Burning sensation during use | 3 | 5% | |
Location of lesion hard to reach with rinse | 1 | 2% | |
Discontinued after 1 dose, unknown reason | 1 | 2% | |
Discontinued after 2 doses, unknown reason | 1 | 2% | |
Discontinued due to cost | 1 | 2% | |
Discontinued due to stain and messiness | 1 | 2% |
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Roldan, C.J.; Rosenthal, D.I.; Koyyalagunta, D.; Feng, L.; Warner, K. Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: An Uncontrolled Cohort. Cancers 2023, 15, 3994. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153994
Roldan CJ, Rosenthal DI, Koyyalagunta D, Feng L, Warner K. Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: An Uncontrolled Cohort. Cancers. 2023; 15(15):3994. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153994
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoldan, Carlos J., David I. Rosenthal, Dhanalakshmi Koyyalagunta, Lei Feng, and Keith Warner. 2023. "Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: An Uncontrolled Cohort" Cancers 15, no. 15: 3994. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153994