Effect of Soil Microbiome from Church Forest in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands on the Growth of Olea europaea and Albizia gummifera Seedlings under Glasshouse Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Description
2.2. Field Soil Sampling
2.3. Experimental Design
2.4. Growth and Survival Data
2.5. Soil Analysis
2.6. Plant and Soil Sample Collection
2.7. Soil DNA Extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Amplification, and Sequencing
2.8. Sequence Data Processing
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Soil Microbial Community
3.1.1. Soil Bacterial Community Composition, Abundance, and Relationship with Soil Properties
3.1.2. Soil Fungal Community Composition, Abundance, and Relationship with Soil Properties
3.2. Effect of Soil Origins and Soil Treatments on Plant Growth and Survival
3.3. Soil Chemical and Physical Properties
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DL | 5.6 (0.2) b | 11.7 (1.1) c | 6.0 (0.2) b | 0.8 (0.1) b | 10.2 (0.3) b | 29.4 (1.1) b | 68 | 11 | 21 | Sandy clay loam |
AG | 6.1 (0.1) ab | 26.7 (2.0) a | 12.0 (1.2) a | 1.0 (0.1) a | 11.8 (1.8) a | 88.2 (5.9) a | 68 | 12 | 20 | Sandy loam |
CM | 6.5 (0.2) ab | 23.3 (1.5) ab | 8.1 (1.1) ab | 0.7 (0.1) b | 11.3 (0.4) a | 39.8 (4.2) b | 64 | 17 | 19 | Sandy loam |
JP | 7.0 (0.3) a | 17.0 (1.6) bc | 8.7 (0.4) ab | 0.8 (0.1) b | 10.8 (0.1) b | 76.3 (5.1) a | 67 | 14 | 19 | Sandy loam |
Species | Soil Origin | pH | SOC (%) | TN (%) | C/N | Avail.P (mg kg−1) | SAS (SI, cm−1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
with | without | with | without | with | without | with | without | with | without | with | without | ||
Olea | DL | 5.9 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 7.9 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 11 | 11 | 28.4 | 30.7 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
(0.1) cA | (0.1) cA | −1.3 | −0.8 | −0.1 | −0.1 | −0.2 | −0.1 | (0.6) d | (0.4) d | (0.0) c | (0.0) c | ||
ns | ns | ns | * | * | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
AG | 6.7 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 10.1 | 0.6 | 0.92 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 88 | 86.1 | 0.05 | 0.04 | |
(0.1) aB | (0.1) aA | −1.8 | −1.5 | −0.2 | −0.1 | −0.5 | −0.2 | (3.3) a | (4.7) a | (0.0) aA | (0.0) aB | ||
* | * | * | * | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
CM | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 10.9 | 42.2 | 42.5 | 0.04 | 0.03 | ||
(0.1) aA | (0.1) aA | −1.4 | −1.5 | −0.1 | −0.1 | −0.2 | −0.2 | (0.7) c | (0.7) c | (0.0) bA | (0.0) bB | ||
ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
JP | 6.3 | 5.9 | 8.3 | 6.8 | 0.7 | 0.62 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 77.9 | 74.8 | 0.04 | 0.03 | |
(0.1) bA | (0.1) bB | −1.7 | −0.7 | −0.1 | −0.1 | −0.1 | −0.1 | (2.2) b | (2.0) b | (0.0) b | (0.0) b | ||
* | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
Albizia | DL | 5.6 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 27.3 | 28.6 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
(0.1) dB | (0.0) dA | (0.0) d | (0.0) d | (0.0) d | (0.0) c | (0.1) a | (0.2) a | (0.4) dB | (0.6) dA | (0.0) d | (0.0) c | ||
ns | ns | * | * | * | * | ns | * | ns | ns | ||||
AG | 7 | 7.4 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 1 | 1 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 74.1 | 86.9 | 0.05 | 0.04 | |
(0.1) aB | (0.0) aA | (0.2) a | (0.7) a | (0.0) a | (0.1) a | (0.1) a | (0.1) a | (2.0) bB | (3.9) bA | (0.0) aA | (0.0) aB | ||
* | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | * | * | * | ns | ||||
CM | 6.5 | 6.6 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 34.5 | 47.3 | 0.04 | 0.04 | |
(0.0) bA | (0.1) bA | (0.1) b | (0.4) b | (0.0) b | (0.0) b | (0.1) b | (0.1) b | (0.8) c | (1.1) c | (0.0) b | (0.0) a | ||
ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
JP | 6 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 74.2 | 94.8 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
(0.0) cB | (0.0) cA | (0.1) c | (0.1) c | (0.0) c | (0.0) b | (0.1) b | (0.0) b | (3.7) aB | (1.5) aA | (0.0) c | (0.0) b | ||
* | * | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | * |
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Abebe, G.; Tsunekawa, A.; Haregeweyn, N.; Taniguchi, T.; Wondie, M.; Adgo, E.; Masunaga, T.; Tsubo, M.; Ebabu, K.; Mamedov, A.; et al. Effect of Soil Microbiome from Church Forest in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands on the Growth of Olea europaea and Albizia gummifera Seedlings under Glasshouse Conditions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4976. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124976
Abebe G, Tsunekawa A, Haregeweyn N, Taniguchi T, Wondie M, Adgo E, Masunaga T, Tsubo M, Ebabu K, Mamedov A, et al. Effect of Soil Microbiome from Church Forest in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands on the Growth of Olea europaea and Albizia gummifera Seedlings under Glasshouse Conditions. Sustainability. 2020; 12(12):4976. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124976
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbebe, Getu, Atsushi Tsunekawa, Nigussie Haregeweyn, Takeshi Taniguchi, Menale Wondie, Enyew Adgo, Tsugiyuki Masunaga, Mitsuru Tsubo, Kindiye Ebabu, Amrakh Mamedov, and et al. 2020. "Effect of Soil Microbiome from Church Forest in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands on the Growth of Olea europaea and Albizia gummifera Seedlings under Glasshouse Conditions" Sustainability 12, no. 12: 4976. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124976