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Infectious Disease Reports
Volume 10
Issue 1
10.4081/idr.2018.7410
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Case Report

Syphilis Infection in an HIV Patient Presenting with Leukemoid Reaction: Case Report and Review of the Literature

by
Athina Lioni
1,
Markela-Pagonitsa Zorzou
1,*,
Christina Kollia
2,
Dimitrios Loulakis
2,
Fotini Ntziora
1,
Fotini Stergiou
1,
Maria Boboli
1 and
Maria Chini
1
1
Infectious Diseases Unit, Red Cross Hospital Korgialeneio Benakeio, Athens, Greece
2
Internal Medicine Department, Red Cross Hospital Korgialeneio Benakeio, Athens, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2018, 10(1), 7410; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7410
Submission received: 18 October 2017 / Revised: 21 December 2017 / Accepted: 9 January 2018 / Published: 29 March 2018

Abstract

Leukemoid reaction (LR) is an uncommon though dreadful sign for the treating physician, as it is related to increased mortality. In the few series that have addressed its incidence and clinical significance, infectious causes count for about half of the cases of LR, the rest accounting for cancer, drugs or rarer causes. In the HIV setting, it represents an even rarer event, owing probably to the impaired granulocytic response of AIDS patients to bacterial agents. However no report exists as to the incidence of LR to the immune-restored HIV patients adequately treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Syphilis is a well known cause of mild lymphocytosis, though only one report of LR exists in the congenital setting. We hereby report a case of an HIV patient adequately treated with ART, who presented with LR with a lymphomonocytic preponderance after infection with treponema pallidum.
Keywords: HIV; syphilis; leukemoid reaction HIV; syphilis; leukemoid reaction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lioni, A.; Zorzou, M.-P.; Kollia, C.; Loulakis, D.; Ntziora, F.; Stergiou, F.; Boboli, M.; Chini, M. Syphilis Infection in an HIV Patient Presenting with Leukemoid Reaction: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2018, 10, 7410. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7410

AMA Style

Lioni A, Zorzou M-P, Kollia C, Loulakis D, Ntziora F, Stergiou F, Boboli M, Chini M. Syphilis Infection in an HIV Patient Presenting with Leukemoid Reaction: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Infectious Disease Reports. 2018; 10(1):7410. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7410

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lioni, Athina, Markela-Pagonitsa Zorzou, Christina Kollia, Dimitrios Loulakis, Fotini Ntziora, Fotini Stergiou, Maria Boboli, and Maria Chini. 2018. "Syphilis Infection in an HIV Patient Presenting with Leukemoid Reaction: Case Report and Review of the Literature" Infectious Disease Reports 10, no. 1: 7410. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7410

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